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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
May 13, 2026 National H Res 1259 Expressing the sense of the House of Representatives that the President should prioritize securing the release of Pastor Jin Mingri, Pastor Gao Quanfu and his wife Pang Yu, Dr. Gulshan Abbas, and Jimmy Lai detained by the People's Republic of China during future engagements with Chinese President Xi Jinping Resolution Passed - House (414 - 0)
May 13, 2026 National H Res 1252 Resolution memorializing law enforcement officers killed in the line of duty Resolution Passed - House (418 - 2)
May 12, 2026 National PN 855-2 Nomination of Kevin Warsh, of Florida, to be a Member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System for a term of fourteen years from February 1, 2026, vice Stephen Miran, term expired Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 45)
May 12, 2026 National PN 855-1 Nomination of Kevin Warsh, of Florida, to be Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System for a term of four years, vice Jerome H. Powell, term expiring Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 45)
May 12, 2026 National HR 2853 Combating Organized Retail Crime Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (348 - 60)
May 12, 2026 National HR 2071 To require the United States Executive Directors at the international financial institutions to oppose certain projects involving shrimp production (Save Our Shrimpers Act) Bill Passed - House (391 - 18)
May 11, 2026 National PN 855-2 Nomination of Kevin Warsh, of Florida, to be a Member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System for a term of fourteen years from February 1, 2026, vice Stephen Miran, term expired Cloture Invoked - Senate (49 - 44)
April 30, 2026 National S 4465 A bill to amend the FISA Amendments Act of 2008 to extend the authorities of title VII of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978, and for other purposes Bill Passed - House (261 - 111)
April 30, 2026 National S J Res 184 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 50)
April 30, 2026 National HR 7567 Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2026 Bill Passed - House (224 - 200)
April 29, 2026 National S Con Res 33 A concurrent resolution setting forth the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2026 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2027 through 2035 Bill Passed - House (215 - 211)
April 29, 2026 National PN 730-14 Nomination of Robert Cekada, of Florida, to be Director, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives, vice Steven M. Dettelbach, resigned Nomination Confirmed - Senate (59 - 39)
April 29, 2026 National S 1318 Fallen Servicemembers Religious Heritage Restoration Act Bill Passed - House (235 - 191)
April 29, 2026 National S J Res 139 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Air Plan Disapproval; Colorado; Regional Haze Plan for the Second Implementation Period" Motion Rejected - Senate (46 - 52)
April 29, 2026 National S J Res 99 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services relating to "Removal of the Automatic Extension of Employment Authorization Documents" Motion Agreed - Senate (47 - 50)
April 27, 2026 National PN 730-14 Nomination of Robert Cekada, of Florida, to be Director, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives, vice Steven M. Dettelbach, resigned Cloture Invoked - Senate (54 - 37)
April 27, 2026 National HR 7959 IRS Whistleblower Program Improvement Act Bill Passed - House (346 - 10)
April 27, 2026 National HR 227 Clergy Act Bill Passed - House (350 - 5)
April 23, 2026 National S Con Res 33 A concurrent resolution setting forth the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2026 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2027 through 2035 Bill Passed - Senate (50 - 48)
April 23, 2026 National HR 5587 Harnessing Energy At Thermal Sources (HEATS) Act Bill Passed - House (231 - 186)
April 22, 2026 National H Res 1182 Expressing support for rural communities across the United States as stewards of the environment, major suppliers of United States energy resources, critical providers of food production and manufacturing capacity, and drivers of national economic stability, and recognizing the work of the House of Representatives in the 119th Congress in support of those vital communities Bill Passed - House (220 - 196)
April 22, 2026 National HR 4690 Reliable Federal Infrastructure Act Bill Passed - House (215 - 202)
April 22, 2026 National HR 6387 Fire Improvement and Reforming Exceptional Events (FIRE) Act Bill Passed - House (220 - 198)
April 21, 2026 National S 1020 A bill to require the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission to extend the time period during which licensees are required to commence construction of certain hydropower projects Bill Passed - House (394 - 14)
April 21, 2026 National S Con Res 33 A concurrent resolution setting forth the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2026 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2027 through 2035 Motion Agreed - Senate (52 - 46)
April 21, 2026 National HR 5201 Kari's Law Reporting Act Bill Passed - House (405 - 5)
April 21, 2026 National HR 2493 Improving Care in Rural America Reauthorization Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (406 - 4)
April 20, 2026 National HR 1681 Expediting Federal Broadband Deployment Reviews Act Bill Passed - House (384 - 9)
April 20, 2026 National HR 5200 Emergency Reporting Act Bill Passed - House (386 - 7)
April 16, 2026 National H J Res 140 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to Public Land Order No. 7917 for Withdrawal of Federal Lands; Cook, Lake, and Saint Louis Counties, MN Bill Passed - Senate (50 - 49)
April 16, 2026 National HR 6409 Foreign Emissions and Nonattainment Clarification for Economic Stability (FENCES) Act Bill Passed - House (220 - 208)
April 16, 2026 National HR 1689 To require the Secretary of Homeland Security to designate Haiti for temporary protected status. Bill Passed - House (224 - 204)
April 16, 2026 National HR 6398 Reducing and Eliminating Duplicative Environmental Regulations (RED Tape) Act Bill Passed - House (222 - 205)
April 16, 2026 National H Res 1156 Expressing support for tax policies that support working families. Bill Passed - House (219 - 207)
April 16, 2026 National H Con Res 40 Directing the President, pursuant to section 5(c) of the War Powers Resolution, to remove United States Armed Forces from hostilities with Iran. Joint Resolution Failed - House (213 - 214)
April 15, 2026 National S J Res 138 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval of the proposed foreign military sale to the Government of Israel of certain defense articles and services Motion Rejected - Senate (36 - 63)
April 15, 2026 National S J Res 123 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 52)
April 15, 2026 National S J Res 32 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval of the proposed foreign military sale to the Government of Israel of certain defense articles and services Motion Rejected - Senate (40 - 59)
April 14, 2026 National HR 1011 Emergency Conservation Program Improvement Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (395 - 10)
April 14, 2026 National HR 7613 To require certain aircraft to be equipped and operating with collision prevention technology, to improve helicopter route safety and separation around airports, to update air traffic control processes and procedures, to address national airspace system safety in Department of Defense activities, and for other purposes Bill Passed - House (396 - 10)
March 27, 2026 National HR 7084 Defending American Property Abroad Act of 2026 Bill Passed - House (247 - 164)
March 26, 2026 National HR 7147 Making further consolidated appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2026, and for other purposes Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (53 - 47)
March 26, 2026 National HR 8029 Pay Our Homeland Defenders Act Bill Passed - House (218 - 206)
March 26, 2026 National H Res 1128 Expressing the support of the House of Representatives for the Department of Homeland Security Resolution Passed - House (225 - 187)
March 25, 2026 National HR 7147 Making further consolidated appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2026, and for other purposes Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (54 - 46)
March 25, 2026 National S J Res 103 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Veterans Affairs relating to "Reproductive Health Services" Motion Rejected - Senate (48 - 50)
March 25, 2026 National S J Res 107 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Internal Revenue Service relating to "Beginning of Construction Requirements for Purposes of the Termination of Clean Electricity Production Credits and Clean Electricity Investment Credits for Applicable Wind and Solar Facilities" Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 53)
March 25, 2026 National HR 5103 Make the District of Columbia Safe and Beautiful Act of 2026 Bill Passed - House (218 - 206)
March 24, 2026 National S 1383 Veterans Accessibility Advisory Committee Act of 2025 Motion Agreed - Senate (53 - 47)
March 24, 2026 National PN 786-9 Nomination of Colin McDonald, of California, to be an Assistant Attorney General, vice Todd Sunhwae Kim Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 47)
Date No. Title Outcome
5/13 H Res 1259 Expressing the sense of the House of Representatives that the President should prioritize securing the release of Pastor Jin Mingri, Pastor Gao Quanfu and his wife Pang Yu, Dr. Gulshan Abbas, and Jimmy Lai detained by the People's Republic of China during future engagements with Chinese President Xi Jinping Resolution Passed - House (414 - 0)
5/13 H Res 1252 Resolution memorializing law enforcement officers killed in the line of duty Resolution Passed - House (418 - 2)
5/12 PN 855-2 Nomination of Kevin Warsh, of Florida, to be a Member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System for a term of fourteen years from February 1, 2026, vice Stephen Miran, term expired Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 45)
5/12 PN 855-1 Nomination of Kevin Warsh, of Florida, to be Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System for a term of four years, vice Jerome H. Powell, term expiring Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 45)
5/12 HR 2853 Combating Organized Retail Crime Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (348 - 60)
5/12 HR 2071 To require the United States Executive Directors at the international financial institutions to oppose certain projects involving shrimp production (Save Our Shrimpers Act) Bill Passed - House (391 - 18)
5/11 PN 855-2 Nomination of Kevin Warsh, of Florida, to be a Member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System for a term of fourteen years from February 1, 2026, vice Stephen Miran, term expired Cloture Invoked - Senate (49 - 44)
4/30 S 4465 A bill to amend the FISA Amendments Act of 2008 to extend the authorities of title VII of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978, and for other purposes Bill Passed - House (261 - 111)
4/30 S J Res 184 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 50)
4/30 HR 7567 Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2026 Bill Passed - House (224 - 200)
4/29 S Con Res 33 A concurrent resolution setting forth the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2026 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2027 through 2035 Bill Passed - House (215 - 211)
4/29 PN 730-14 Nomination of Robert Cekada, of Florida, to be Director, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives, vice Steven M. Dettelbach, resigned Nomination Confirmed - Senate (59 - 39)
4/29 S 1318 Fallen Servicemembers Religious Heritage Restoration Act Bill Passed - House (235 - 191)
4/29 S J Res 139 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Air Plan Disapproval; Colorado; Regional Haze Plan for the Second Implementation Period" Motion Rejected - Senate (46 - 52)
4/29 S J Res 99 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services relating to "Removal of the Automatic Extension of Employment Authorization Documents" Motion Agreed - Senate (47 - 50)
4/27 PN 730-14 Nomination of Robert Cekada, of Florida, to be Director, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives, vice Steven M. Dettelbach, resigned Cloture Invoked - Senate (54 - 37)
4/27 HR 7959 IRS Whistleblower Program Improvement Act Bill Passed - House (346 - 10)
4/27 HR 227 Clergy Act Bill Passed - House (350 - 5)
4/23 S Con Res 33 A concurrent resolution setting forth the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2026 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2027 through 2035 Bill Passed - Senate (50 - 48)
4/23 HR 5587 Harnessing Energy At Thermal Sources (HEATS) Act Bill Passed - House (231 - 186)
4/22 H Res 1182 Expressing support for rural communities across the United States as stewards of the environment, major suppliers of United States energy resources, critical providers of food production and manufacturing capacity, and drivers of national economic stability, and recognizing the work of the House of Representatives in the 119th Congress in support of those vital communities Bill Passed - House (220 - 196)
4/22 HR 4690 Reliable Federal Infrastructure Act Bill Passed - House (215 - 202)
4/22 HR 6387 Fire Improvement and Reforming Exceptional Events (FIRE) Act Bill Passed - House (220 - 198)
4/21 S 1020 A bill to require the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission to extend the time period during which licensees are required to commence construction of certain hydropower projects Bill Passed - House (394 - 14)
4/21 S Con Res 33 A concurrent resolution setting forth the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2026 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2027 through 2035 Motion Agreed - Senate (52 - 46)
4/21 HR 5201 Kari's Law Reporting Act Bill Passed - House (405 - 5)
4/21 HR 2493 Improving Care in Rural America Reauthorization Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (406 - 4)
4/20 HR 1681 Expediting Federal Broadband Deployment Reviews Act Bill Passed - House (384 - 9)
4/20 HR 5200 Emergency Reporting Act Bill Passed - House (386 - 7)
4/16 H J Res 140 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to Public Land Order No. 7917 for Withdrawal of Federal Lands; Cook, Lake, and Saint Louis Counties, MN Bill Passed - Senate (50 - 49)
4/16 HR 6409 Foreign Emissions and Nonattainment Clarification for Economic Stability (FENCES) Act Bill Passed - House (220 - 208)
4/16 HR 1689 To require the Secretary of Homeland Security to designate Haiti for temporary protected status. Bill Passed - House (224 - 204)
4/16 HR 6398 Reducing and Eliminating Duplicative Environmental Regulations (RED Tape) Act Bill Passed - House (222 - 205)
4/16 H Res 1156 Expressing support for tax policies that support working families. Bill Passed - House (219 - 207)
4/16 H Con Res 40 Directing the President, pursuant to section 5(c) of the War Powers Resolution, to remove United States Armed Forces from hostilities with Iran. Joint Resolution Failed - House (213 - 214)
4/15 S J Res 138 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval of the proposed foreign military sale to the Government of Israel of certain defense articles and services Motion Rejected - Senate (36 - 63)
4/15 S J Res 123 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 52)
4/15 S J Res 32 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval of the proposed foreign military sale to the Government of Israel of certain defense articles and services Motion Rejected - Senate (40 - 59)
4/14 HR 1011 Emergency Conservation Program Improvement Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (395 - 10)
4/14 HR 7613 To require certain aircraft to be equipped and operating with collision prevention technology, to improve helicopter route safety and separation around airports, to update air traffic control processes and procedures, to address national airspace system safety in Department of Defense activities, and for other purposes Bill Passed - House (396 - 10)
3/27 HR 7084 Defending American Property Abroad Act of 2026 Bill Passed - House (247 - 164)
3/26 HR 7147 Making further consolidated appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2026, and for other purposes Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (53 - 47)
3/26 HR 8029 Pay Our Homeland Defenders Act Bill Passed - House (218 - 206)
3/26 H Res 1128 Expressing the support of the House of Representatives for the Department of Homeland Security Resolution Passed - House (225 - 187)
3/25 HR 7147 Making further consolidated appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2026, and for other purposes Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (54 - 46)
3/25 S J Res 103 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Veterans Affairs relating to "Reproductive Health Services" Motion Rejected - Senate (48 - 50)
3/25 S J Res 107 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Internal Revenue Service relating to "Beginning of Construction Requirements for Purposes of the Termination of Clean Electricity Production Credits and Clean Electricity Investment Credits for Applicable Wind and Solar Facilities" Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 53)
3/25 HR 5103 Make the District of Columbia Safe and Beautiful Act of 2026 Bill Passed - House (218 - 206)
3/24 S 1383 Veterans Accessibility Advisory Committee Act of 2025 Motion Agreed - Senate (53 - 47)
3/24 PN 786-9 Nomination of Colin McDonald, of California, to be an Assistant Attorney General, vice Todd Sunhwae Kim Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 47)
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