Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Dec. 13, 2018 National S J Res 54 To Direct the Removal of United States Armed Forces from Hostilities in the Republic of Yemen that have not been Authorized by Congress Bill Passed - Senate (56 - 41)
Dec. 11, 2018 National PN 2117 Nomination of Jonathan A. Kobes to the Eighth Circuit Court (51 - 50)
Dec. 6, 2018 National PN 2170 Nomination of Kathleen Laura Kraninger to be the Director of the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection (50 - 49)
Dec. 5, 2018 WI SB 884 Reduces Period for Early Voting and Limits Powers of the State Attorney General Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 16)
Dec. 5, 2018 WI SB 884 Reduces Period for Early Voting and Limits Powers of the State Attorney General Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 16)
Nov. 29, 2018 National PN 2170 Nomination of Kathleen Laura Kraninger to be the Director of the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection Cloture Invoked - Senate (50 - 49)
Nov. 29, 2018 National PN 2117 Nomination of Jonathan A. Kobes to the Eighth Circuit Court Cloture Invoked - Senate (50 - 49)
Nov. 28, 2018 MI SB 1175 Amends Laws Regarding State Minimum Wage and Paid Sick Leave Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 11)
Nov. 28, 2018 MI SB 1171 Amends Minimum Wage Increases Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 11)
Nov. 27, 2018 MI SB 795 Amends the Public School Employees Retirement Act of 1979. Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 13)
Oct. 17, 2018 PA SB 6 Establishes Further Stipulations for Welfare Access Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (37 - 12)
Oct. 6, 2018 National PN 2259 Nomination of Brett M. Kavanaugh to the Supreme Court of the United States (50 - 48)
Oct. 5, 2018 National PN 2259 Nomination of Brett M. Kavanaugh to the Supreme Court of the United States Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 49)
Aug. 24, 2018 CA SB 820 Prohibits Non-Disclosure Agreements in Sexual Assault, Harassment, or Discrimination Cases Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 8)
Aug. 23, 2018 National S Amdt 3967 Senator Rand Paul's Amendment to H.R. 6157 Amendment Rejected - Senate (45 - 48)
July 30, 2018 MA H 4841 Authorizes New Tax Regulations and Insurance Requirements for Short-Term Rentals Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 8)
July 19, 2018 National S Res 584 A resolution expressing the sense of the Senate against the making available of current and former diplomats, officials, and members of the Armed Forces of the United States for questioning by the government of Vladimir Putin. Bill Passed - Senate (98 - 0)
July 18, 2018 National PN 1645 Nomination of Andrew S. Oldham to be United States Circuit Judge for the 5th Circuit (50 - 49)
July 17, 2018 National PN 1645 Nomination of Andrew S. Oldham to be United States Circuit Judge for the 5th Circuit Cloture Invoked - Senate (50 - 49)
July 11, 2018 National PN 1402 Nomination of Brian Allen Benczkowski to be Assistant Attorney General (51 - 48)
July 10, 2018 National PN 1402 Nomination of Brian Allen Benczkowski to be Assistant Attorney General Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 48)
July 1, 2018 DE HB 360 Requires Sexual Harassment Training for Supervisors of Large Businesses Bill Passed - Senate (11 - 6)
June 30, 2018 DE SB 170 Increases Minimum Wage Bill Passed - Senate (11 - 10)
June 28, 2018 NC HB 717 Amends Judicial Divisions Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 16)
June 28, 2018 MA S 2562 Authorizes Non-Binary Gender on Driver's Licenses Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 1)
June 27, 2018 NC HB 913 Establishes a Bipartisan Board of Ethics and Election Enforcement Amendment Adopted - Senate (32 - 14)
June 27, 2018 OH SB 255 Increases Occupational Licensing Board Requirements Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 8)
June 25, 2018 NJ A 3861 Amends Unemployment Insurance Law (23 - 14)
June 7, 2018 MI SB 787 Authorizes Reduced Car Insurance Options for Seniors Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 13)
June 5, 2018 NC SB 757 Requires Judicial Redistricting Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 14)
May 24, 2018 IL HB 5599 Amends the Illinois Public Aid Code Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 17)
May 24, 2018 IL HB 4965 Amends the Illinois Public Aid Code Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 15)
May 23, 2018 RI S 2678 Authorizes Driver's Licenses for DACA Recipients Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 2)
May 17, 2018 National PN 1857 Nomination of Gina Haspel to be Director of the Central Intelligence Agency (54 - 45)
May 17, 2018 National PN 1857 Nomination of Gina Haspel to be Director of the Central Intelligence Agency Cloture Invoked - Senate (54 - 44)
May 10, 2018 CA SB 785 Prohibits Irrelevant Disclosures of Immigration Status in Open Court Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
May 10, 2018 LA HB 206 Authorizes Employment of Convicted Felons in Insurance Businesses Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 9)
May 8, 2018 VT H 707 Amends State Workplace Sexual Harassment Policies Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 0)
May 8, 2018 VT H 707 Amends State Workplace Sexual Harassment Policies Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 0)
April 26, 2018 OK HB 3036 Authorizes the Governor power to appoint the State Commissioner of Health Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 11)
April 19, 2018 IL SB 2546 Authorizes Graduate Research Assistant Unions Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 19)
April 18, 2018 VA HB 83 Requires Feminine Hygiene Products to be Provided to Prisons Inmates (39 - None)
April 18, 2018 CT SB 4 Authorizes Financial Aid for Undocumented Students Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 5)
April 17, 2018 OK HB 2692 Amends Child Care Licensing Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 15)
April 17, 2018 CO SB 18-220 Prohibits Jurisdictions From Establishing Sanctuary Status Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 17)
April 12, 2018 NJ A 1827 Requires Employers to Provide Paid Sick Leave Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 12)
April 12, 2018 NJ A 3686 Increases State Protections for Labor Unions Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 9)
April 11, 2018 MO SJR 27 Prohibits Lobbyist Gifts to Government Officials Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 12)
April 4, 2018 IA SF 481 Requires Law Enforcement for Comply with ICE Detainer Requests Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 18)
April 2, 2018 MD HB 1243 Authorizes Workers to Sue for Unpaid Wages Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 12)
April 2, 2018 MD HB 1243 Authorizes Workers to Sue for Unpaid Wages Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 12)
March 28, 2018 AL HB 317 Exempts Certain Individuals from Registering as Lobbyists Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 14)
March 28, 2018 AL HB 317 Exempts Certain Individuals from Registering as Lobbyists Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 14)
March 27, 2018 CO SB 18-200 Amends Public Retirement System Policies Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 16)
March 26, 2018 MD SB 654 Requires Extension of Union Contracts Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 14)
March 26, 2018 MD SB 654 Requires Extension of Union Contracts Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 14)
March 26, 2018 NJ S 699 Authorizes Financial Aid for Undocumented Students Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 10)
March 26, 2018 NJ S 482 Authorizes Couples to Enter Into Legally Binding Agreements with Surrogate Mothers Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 10)
March 26, 2018 NJ S 482 Authorizes Couples to Enter Into Legally Binding Agreements with Surrogate Mothers Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 10)
March 22, 2018 KY HB 2 Amends Workers' Compensation Law Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 14)
March 22, 2018 MD HB 1017 Requires Equal Access to Collective Bargaining New Employee Programs Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 14)
March 22, 2018 MD HB 1017 Requires Equal Access to Collective Bargaining New Employee Programs Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 14)
March 21, 2018 NY S 3698 Prohibits Sanctuary Cities Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 29)
March 20, 2018 National S J Res 54 To Direct the Removal of United States Armed Forces from Hostilities in the Republic of Yemen that have not been Authorized by Congress Bill Tabled - Senate (55 - 44)
March 13, 2018 OK SB 1140 Authorizes Child-Placement Agencies to Deny Services Based on Religion Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 9)
March 12, 2018 ID H 448 Amends Indecent Exposure Laws Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
March 9, 2018 WV HB 4006 Repeals Department of Education and Arts Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 15)
March 6, 2018 WA HB 1506 Prohibits Employers from Retaliating Against Employees for Discussing Wages Conference Report Adopted - Senate (36 - 12)
March 6, 2018 IN HB 1203 Amends Fertility Clinic Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 18)
March 6, 2018 VA HB 1257 Prohibits the Establishment of Sanctuary Cities Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
March 3, 2018 WA SB 5722 Prohibits Conversion Therapy on Minors Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 16)
March 1, 2018 WA HB 1506 Prohibits Employers from Retaliating Against Employees for Discussing Wages Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 12)
Feb. 27, 2018 SD HB 1199 Prohibits Collective Bargaining at Public Universities Bill Failed - Senate (16 - 18)
Feb. 26, 2018 NJ S 478 Authorizes Birth Certificate Gender Changes Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 7)
Feb. 23, 2018 WA SB 6617 Exempts Legislators from Public Records Law Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 7)
Feb. 23, 2018 GA SB 375 Authorizes Child-Placement Agencies to Deny Services Based on Religion Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 19)
Feb. 22, 2018 OR HB 4145 Prohibits Convicted Stalkers from Possessing Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
Feb. 22, 2018 AZ SB 1393 Authorizes Parents to Use Frozen Embryos after Divorce Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 12)
Feb. 20, 2018 WI AB 128 Prohibits Abortion Coverage in State Health Insurance Plans Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 14)
Feb. 20, 2018 WI AB 1 Increases Work Hour Requirements for Welfare Recipients Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 14)
Feb. 15, 2018 National S Amdt 1955 Uniting and Securing America Act (Coons-McCain Amendment) Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (52 - 47)
Feb. 15, 2018 National S Amdt 1959 Secure and Succeed Act (Grassley Amendment) Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (39 - 60)
Feb. 15, 2018 National S Amdt 1958 Immigration Security and Opportunity Act (Schumer Amendment) Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (54 - 45)
Feb. 15, 2018 National S Amdt 1948 Stop Dangerous Sanctuary Cities Act (Toomey Amendment) Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (54 - 45)
Feb. 10, 2018 WA SB 6199 Authorizes Privatization of Home-Care Workforce Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 21)
Feb. 10, 2018 WA SB 6199 Authorizes Privatization of Home-Care Workforce Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 21)
Feb. 1, 2018 MD SB 120 Authorizes Mutual-Consent Divorce for Parents without Year Separation Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 14)
Jan. 31, 2018 MI SB 660 Extends the Deadline for 100 Percent Cage-Free Eggs to 2025 Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 5)
Jan. 25, 2018 AL SB 92 Reduces Time Period of Unemployment Benefits Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 8)
Jan. 19, 2018 WA SB 5722 Prohibits Conversion Therapy on Minors Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 16)
Date No. Title Outcome
12/13 S J Res 54 To Direct the Removal of United States Armed Forces from Hostilities in the Republic of Yemen that have not been Authorized by Congress Bill Passed - Senate (56 - 41)
12/11 PN 2117 Nomination of Jonathan A. Kobes to the Eighth Circuit Court (51 - 50)
12/06 PN 2170 Nomination of Kathleen Laura Kraninger to be the Director of the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection (50 - 49)
12/05 SB 884 Reduces Period for Early Voting and Limits Powers of the State Attorney General Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 16)
12/05 SB 884 Reduces Period for Early Voting and Limits Powers of the State Attorney General Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 16)
11/29 PN 2170 Nomination of Kathleen Laura Kraninger to be the Director of the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection Cloture Invoked - Senate (50 - 49)
11/29 PN 2117 Nomination of Jonathan A. Kobes to the Eighth Circuit Court Cloture Invoked - Senate (50 - 49)
11/28 SB 1175 Amends Laws Regarding State Minimum Wage and Paid Sick Leave Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 11)
11/28 SB 1171 Amends Minimum Wage Increases Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 11)
11/27 SB 795 Amends the Public School Employees Retirement Act of 1979. Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 13)
10/17 SB 6 Establishes Further Stipulations for Welfare Access Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (37 - 12)
10/06 PN 2259 Nomination of Brett M. Kavanaugh to the Supreme Court of the United States (50 - 48)
10/05 PN 2259 Nomination of Brett M. Kavanaugh to the Supreme Court of the United States Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 49)
8/24 SB 820 Prohibits Non-Disclosure Agreements in Sexual Assault, Harassment, or Discrimination Cases Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 8)
8/23 S Amdt 3967 Senator Rand Paul's Amendment to H.R. 6157 Amendment Rejected - Senate (45 - 48)
7/30 H 4841 Authorizes New Tax Regulations and Insurance Requirements for Short-Term Rentals Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 8)
7/19 S Res 584 A resolution expressing the sense of the Senate against the making available of current and former diplomats, officials, and members of the Armed Forces of the United States for questioning by the government of Vladimir Putin. Bill Passed - Senate (98 - 0)
7/18 PN 1645 Nomination of Andrew S. Oldham to be United States Circuit Judge for the 5th Circuit (50 - 49)
7/17 PN 1645 Nomination of Andrew S. Oldham to be United States Circuit Judge for the 5th Circuit Cloture Invoked - Senate (50 - 49)
7/11 PN 1402 Nomination of Brian Allen Benczkowski to be Assistant Attorney General (51 - 48)
7/10 PN 1402 Nomination of Brian Allen Benczkowski to be Assistant Attorney General Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 48)
7/01 HB 360 Requires Sexual Harassment Training for Supervisors of Large Businesses Bill Passed - Senate (11 - 6)
6/30 SB 170 Increases Minimum Wage Bill Passed - Senate (11 - 10)
6/28 HB 717 Amends Judicial Divisions Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 16)
6/28 S 2562 Authorizes Non-Binary Gender on Driver's Licenses Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 1)
6/27 HB 913 Establishes a Bipartisan Board of Ethics and Election Enforcement Amendment Adopted - Senate (32 - 14)
6/27 SB 255 Increases Occupational Licensing Board Requirements Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 8)
6/25 A 3861 Amends Unemployment Insurance Law (23 - 14)
6/07 SB 787 Authorizes Reduced Car Insurance Options for Seniors Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 13)
6/05 SB 757 Requires Judicial Redistricting Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 14)
5/24 HB 5599 Amends the Illinois Public Aid Code Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 17)
5/24 HB 4965 Amends the Illinois Public Aid Code Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 15)
5/23 S 2678 Authorizes Driver's Licenses for DACA Recipients Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 2)
5/17 PN 1857 Nomination of Gina Haspel to be Director of the Central Intelligence Agency (54 - 45)
5/17 PN 1857 Nomination of Gina Haspel to be Director of the Central Intelligence Agency Cloture Invoked - Senate (54 - 44)
5/10 SB 785 Prohibits Irrelevant Disclosures of Immigration Status in Open Court Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
5/10 HB 206 Authorizes Employment of Convicted Felons in Insurance Businesses Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 9)
5/08 H 707 Amends State Workplace Sexual Harassment Policies Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 0)
5/08 H 707 Amends State Workplace Sexual Harassment Policies Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 0)
4/26 HB 3036 Authorizes the Governor power to appoint the State Commissioner of Health Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 11)
4/19 SB 2546 Authorizes Graduate Research Assistant Unions Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 19)
4/18 HB 83 Requires Feminine Hygiene Products to be Provided to Prisons Inmates (39 - None)
4/18 SB 4 Authorizes Financial Aid for Undocumented Students Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 5)
4/17 HB 2692 Amends Child Care Licensing Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 15)
4/17 SB 18-220 Prohibits Jurisdictions From Establishing Sanctuary Status Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 17)
4/12 A 1827 Requires Employers to Provide Paid Sick Leave Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 12)
4/12 A 3686 Increases State Protections for Labor Unions Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 9)
4/11 SJR 27 Prohibits Lobbyist Gifts to Government Officials Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 12)
4/04 SF 481 Requires Law Enforcement for Comply with ICE Detainer Requests Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 18)
4/02 HB 1243 Authorizes Workers to Sue for Unpaid Wages Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 12)
4/02 HB 1243 Authorizes Workers to Sue for Unpaid Wages Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 12)
3/28 HB 317 Exempts Certain Individuals from Registering as Lobbyists Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 14)
3/28 HB 317 Exempts Certain Individuals from Registering as Lobbyists Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 14)
3/27 SB 18-200 Amends Public Retirement System Policies Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 16)
3/26 SB 654 Requires Extension of Union Contracts Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 14)
3/26 SB 654 Requires Extension of Union Contracts Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 14)
3/26 S 699 Authorizes Financial Aid for Undocumented Students Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 10)
3/26 S 482 Authorizes Couples to Enter Into Legally Binding Agreements with Surrogate Mothers Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 10)
3/26 S 482 Authorizes Couples to Enter Into Legally Binding Agreements with Surrogate Mothers Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 10)
3/22 HB 2 Amends Workers' Compensation Law Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 14)
3/22 HB 1017 Requires Equal Access to Collective Bargaining New Employee Programs Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 14)
3/22 HB 1017 Requires Equal Access to Collective Bargaining New Employee Programs Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 14)
3/21 S 3698 Prohibits Sanctuary Cities Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 29)
3/20 S J Res 54 To Direct the Removal of United States Armed Forces from Hostilities in the Republic of Yemen that have not been Authorized by Congress Bill Tabled - Senate (55 - 44)
3/13 SB 1140 Authorizes Child-Placement Agencies to Deny Services Based on Religion Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 9)
3/12 H 448 Amends Indecent Exposure Laws Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
3/09 HB 4006 Repeals Department of Education and Arts Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 15)
3/06 HB 1506 Prohibits Employers from Retaliating Against Employees for Discussing Wages Conference Report Adopted - Senate (36 - 12)
3/06 HB 1203 Amends Fertility Clinic Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 18)
3/06 HB 1257 Prohibits the Establishment of Sanctuary Cities Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
3/03 SB 5722 Prohibits Conversion Therapy on Minors Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 16)
3/01 HB 1506 Prohibits Employers from Retaliating Against Employees for Discussing Wages Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 12)
2/27 HB 1199 Prohibits Collective Bargaining at Public Universities Bill Failed - Senate (16 - 18)
2/26 S 478 Authorizes Birth Certificate Gender Changes Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 7)
2/23 SB 6617 Exempts Legislators from Public Records Law Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 7)
2/23 SB 375 Authorizes Child-Placement Agencies to Deny Services Based on Religion Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 19)
2/22 HB 4145 Prohibits Convicted Stalkers from Possessing Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
2/22 SB 1393 Authorizes Parents to Use Frozen Embryos after Divorce Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 12)
2/20 AB 128 Prohibits Abortion Coverage in State Health Insurance Plans Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 14)
2/20 AB 1 Increases Work Hour Requirements for Welfare Recipients Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 14)
2/15 S Amdt 1955 Uniting and Securing America Act (Coons-McCain Amendment) Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (52 - 47)
2/15 S Amdt 1959 Secure and Succeed Act (Grassley Amendment) Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (39 - 60)
2/15 S Amdt 1958 Immigration Security and Opportunity Act (Schumer Amendment) Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (54 - 45)
2/15 S Amdt 1948 Stop Dangerous Sanctuary Cities Act (Toomey Amendment) Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (54 - 45)
2/10 SB 6199 Authorizes Privatization of Home-Care Workforce Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 21)
2/10 SB 6199 Authorizes Privatization of Home-Care Workforce Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 21)
2/01 SB 120 Authorizes Mutual-Consent Divorce for Parents without Year Separation Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 14)
1/31 SB 660 Extends the Deadline for 100 Percent Cage-Free Eggs to 2025 Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 5)
1/25 SB 92 Reduces Time Period of Unemployment Benefits Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 8)
1/19 SB 5722 Prohibits Conversion Therapy on Minors Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 16)

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