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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
June 25, 2025 National PN 13-7 Nomination of Kenneth Kies to be an Assistant Secretary of the Treasury Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 44)
June 25, 2025 MI SB 225 Prohibits the Carry of a Concealed Pistol on the Premises of the State Capitol and Legislative Buildings Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 17)
June 24, 2025 National PN 26-50 Nomination of Daniel Zimmerman to be an Assistant Secretary of Defense Nomination Confirmed - Senate (61 - 35)
June 23, 2025 National PN 26-50 Nomination of Daniel Zimmerman to be an Assistant Secretary of Defense Cloture Invoked - Senate (58 - 33)
June 19, 2025 NC HB 549 Specifies that the State Auditor has Access to State Agencies' Databases, Digital Records, Facilities, and Property Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 14)
June 18, 2025 ME LD 1971 Limits How Local Law Enforcement Agencies Assist Federal Immigration Officials Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (20 - 14)
June 18, 2025 ME LD 210 Appropriates Funding for the Future Budget $320 Million State Spending Plan "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (19 - 15)
June 18, 2025 National PN 12-40 Nomination of Rodney Scott to be Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Department of Homeland Security Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 46)
June 18, 2025 National PN 24-7 Nomination of Olivia Trusty to be a Member of the Federal Communications Commission (Reappointment) Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 45)
June 18, 2025 MA H 4227 Appropriates Funds for Transportation and Education for Fiscal Year 2025 Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
June 18, 2025 WI AB 140 Exempts Tax Incremental District Number 5 in the City of Port Washington From Limits on Taxable Property Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 3)
June 18, 2025 National PN 12-40 Nomination of Rodney Scott to be Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Department of Homeland Security Cloture Invoked - Senate (50 - 46)
June 18, 2025 OR SB 1051 Authorizes the Governor to Appoint a State Forester With Senate Confirmation Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 6)
June 18, 2025 OR SB 1051 Authorizes the Governor to Appoint a State Forester With Senate Confirmation Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 6)
June 18, 2025 OH SB 4 Establishes an Election Integrity Unit in the Secretary of State's Office to Investigate Election Law Violations Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 8)
June 18, 2025 OH SB 4 Establishes an Election Integrity Unit in the Secretary of State's Office to Investigate Election Law Violations Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 8)
June 17, 2025 National PN 25-1 Nomination of Gary Andres to be an Assistant Secretary of Health and Human Services Nomination Confirmed - Senate (57 - 40)
June 17, 2025 National PN 24-6 Nomination of Olivia Trusty to be a Member of the Federal Communications Commission Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 45)
June 17, 2025 National PN 24-6 Nomination of Olivia Trusty to be a Member of the Federal Communications Commission Cloture Invoked - Senate (46 - 39)
June 17, 2025 National PN 24-7 Nomination of Olivia Trusty to be a Member of the Federal Communications Commission (Reappointment) Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 44)
June 16, 2025 FL HB 7031 Requires the Department of Revenue to Report the State Sales Tax Rate and Discretionary Sales Surtax Rate as Zero for Any Certified Address with a Special Five-Digit Zip Code Conference Report Adopted - Senate (32 - 2)
June 16, 2025 ME LD 297 Extends Certain Provisions Relating to the Management of Wastewater Treatment Plant Sludge at the State-Owned Landfill in Maine Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (24 - 10)
June 16, 2025 ME LD 1217 Amends the Maine New Markets Capital Investment Program and Establishes a New Tax Credit Authority "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (30 - 5)
June 16, 2025 National PN 25-1 Nomination of Gary Andres to be an Assistant Secretary of Health and Human Services Cloture Invoked - Senate (44 - 33)
June 13, 2025 CA SB 101 Appropriates Funding for the 2025 State Government Operations Budget Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (26 - 8)
June 13, 2025 ME LD 1868 Authorizes the Maine the Public Utilities Commission to Coordinate with Other States in the Procurement of Transmission Capacity Resources and Specified Energy Credits "Ought to Pass as Amended" Report Adopted - Senate (19 - 16)
June 13, 2025 NY S 3765 Specifies Procedures for Issuance of Birth Certificate for Foreign Adoptions Bill Passed - Senate (59 - 0)
June 12, 2025 LA HB 63 Authorizes a Constitutional Amendment to Raise the Mandatory Retirement Age For Judges Conference Report Adopted - Senate (31 - 3)
June 12, 2025 LA HB 63 Authorizes a Constitutional Amendment to Raise the Mandatory Retirement Age For Judges Conference Report Adopted - Senate (31 - 3)
June 12, 2025 National PN 12-27 Nomination of William Long to be Commissioner of Internal Revenue Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 44)
June 11, 2025 LA SB 8 Authorizes the Legislature to Alter the Classified and Unclassified Status of Civil Officers and Employees Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
June 11, 2025 National PN 12-27 Nomination of William Long to be Commissioner of Internal Revenue Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 46)
June 11, 2025 NY S 410 Prohibits Courts From Reducing Jury Awards in Employment Discrimination Cases Except Under Exceptional Circumstance Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 21)
June 10, 2025 LA SB 234 Establishes and Provides for the St. George Community School System Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (27 - 9)
June 10, 2025 National PN 13-6 Nomination of David Fotouhi to be Deputy Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 41)
June 10, 2025 National PN 26-20 Nomination of Andrew Hughes to be Deputy Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 43)
June 10, 2025 National PN 12-43 Nomination of Stephen Vaden to be Deputy Secretary of Agriculture Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 44)
June 10, 2025 NC HB 402 Limits the Authority of the State's Executive Branch to Enact New Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 17)
June 10, 2025 National PN 12-43 Nomination of Stephen Vaden to be Deputy Secretary of Agriculture Cloture Invoked - Senate (48 - 45)
June 10, 2025 National PN 26-20 Nomination of Andrew Hughes to be Deputy Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 44)
June 10, 2025 DE SB 100 Establishes the Constitutional Right to Marry Without Discrimination Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 5)
June 9, 2025 ME LD 259 Establishes the Criminal Records Review Commission "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (19 - 15)
June 9, 2025 National PN 13-6 Nomination of David Fotouhi to be Deputy Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 43)
June 5, 2025 National PN 26-16 Nomination of John Andrew Eisenberg to be an Assistant Attorney General Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 43)
June 5, 2025 National PN 26-43 Nomination of Brett Shumate to be an Assistant Attorney General Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 41)
June 5, 2025 National PN 12-33 Nomination of James O'Neill to be Deputy Secretary of Health and Human Services Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 43)
June 5, 2025 National PN 26-43 Nomination of Brett Shumate to be an Assistant Attorney General Cloture Invoked - Senate (49 - 40)
June 5, 2025 National PN 26-16 Nomination of John Andrew Eisenberg to be an Assistant Attorney General Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 43)
June 4, 2025 National PN 55-47 Nomination of Edward Walsh to be Ambassador to Ireland Nomination Confirmed - Senate (57 - 38)
June 4, 2025 National PN 55-9 Nomination of Michelle Bowman to be Vice Chairman for Supervision of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System Nomination Confirmed - Senate (48 - 46)
Date No. Title Outcome
6/25 PN 13-7 Nomination of Kenneth Kies to be an Assistant Secretary of the Treasury Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 44)
6/25 SB 225 Prohibits the Carry of a Concealed Pistol on the Premises of the State Capitol and Legislative Buildings Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 17)
6/24 PN 26-50 Nomination of Daniel Zimmerman to be an Assistant Secretary of Defense Nomination Confirmed - Senate (61 - 35)
6/23 PN 26-50 Nomination of Daniel Zimmerman to be an Assistant Secretary of Defense Cloture Invoked - Senate (58 - 33)
6/19 HB 549 Specifies that the State Auditor has Access to State Agencies' Databases, Digital Records, Facilities, and Property Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 14)
6/18 LD 1971 Limits How Local Law Enforcement Agencies Assist Federal Immigration Officials Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (20 - 14)
6/18 LD 210 Appropriates Funding for the Future Budget $320 Million State Spending Plan "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (19 - 15)
6/18 PN 12-40 Nomination of Rodney Scott to be Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Department of Homeland Security Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 46)
6/18 PN 24-7 Nomination of Olivia Trusty to be a Member of the Federal Communications Commission (Reappointment) Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 45)
6/18 H 4227 Appropriates Funds for Transportation and Education for Fiscal Year 2025 Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
6/18 AB 140 Exempts Tax Incremental District Number 5 in the City of Port Washington From Limits on Taxable Property Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 3)
6/18 PN 12-40 Nomination of Rodney Scott to be Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Department of Homeland Security Cloture Invoked - Senate (50 - 46)
6/18 SB 1051 Authorizes the Governor to Appoint a State Forester With Senate Confirmation Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 6)
6/18 SB 1051 Authorizes the Governor to Appoint a State Forester With Senate Confirmation Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 6)
6/18 SB 4 Establishes an Election Integrity Unit in the Secretary of State's Office to Investigate Election Law Violations Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 8)
6/18 SB 4 Establishes an Election Integrity Unit in the Secretary of State's Office to Investigate Election Law Violations Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 8)
6/17 PN 25-1 Nomination of Gary Andres to be an Assistant Secretary of Health and Human Services Nomination Confirmed - Senate (57 - 40)
6/17 PN 24-6 Nomination of Olivia Trusty to be a Member of the Federal Communications Commission Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 45)
6/17 PN 24-6 Nomination of Olivia Trusty to be a Member of the Federal Communications Commission Cloture Invoked - Senate (46 - 39)
6/17 PN 24-7 Nomination of Olivia Trusty to be a Member of the Federal Communications Commission (Reappointment) Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 44)
6/16 HB 7031 Requires the Department of Revenue to Report the State Sales Tax Rate and Discretionary Sales Surtax Rate as Zero for Any Certified Address with a Special Five-Digit Zip Code Conference Report Adopted - Senate (32 - 2)
6/16 LD 297 Extends Certain Provisions Relating to the Management of Wastewater Treatment Plant Sludge at the State-Owned Landfill in Maine Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (24 - 10)
6/16 LD 1217 Amends the Maine New Markets Capital Investment Program and Establishes a New Tax Credit Authority "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (30 - 5)
6/16 PN 25-1 Nomination of Gary Andres to be an Assistant Secretary of Health and Human Services Cloture Invoked - Senate (44 - 33)
6/13 SB 101 Appropriates Funding for the 2025 State Government Operations Budget Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (26 - 8)
6/13 LD 1868 Authorizes the Maine the Public Utilities Commission to Coordinate with Other States in the Procurement of Transmission Capacity Resources and Specified Energy Credits "Ought to Pass as Amended" Report Adopted - Senate (19 - 16)
6/13 S 3765 Specifies Procedures for Issuance of Birth Certificate for Foreign Adoptions Bill Passed - Senate (59 - 0)
6/12 HB 63 Authorizes a Constitutional Amendment to Raise the Mandatory Retirement Age For Judges Conference Report Adopted - Senate (31 - 3)
6/12 HB 63 Authorizes a Constitutional Amendment to Raise the Mandatory Retirement Age For Judges Conference Report Adopted - Senate (31 - 3)
6/12 PN 12-27 Nomination of William Long to be Commissioner of Internal Revenue Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 44)
6/11 SB 8 Authorizes the Legislature to Alter the Classified and Unclassified Status of Civil Officers and Employees Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
6/11 PN 12-27 Nomination of William Long to be Commissioner of Internal Revenue Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 46)
6/11 S 410 Prohibits Courts From Reducing Jury Awards in Employment Discrimination Cases Except Under Exceptional Circumstance Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 21)
6/10 SB 234 Establishes and Provides for the St. George Community School System Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (27 - 9)
6/10 PN 13-6 Nomination of David Fotouhi to be Deputy Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 41)
6/10 PN 26-20 Nomination of Andrew Hughes to be Deputy Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 43)
6/10 PN 12-43 Nomination of Stephen Vaden to be Deputy Secretary of Agriculture Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 44)
6/10 HB 402 Limits the Authority of the State's Executive Branch to Enact New Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 17)
6/10 PN 12-43 Nomination of Stephen Vaden to be Deputy Secretary of Agriculture Cloture Invoked - Senate (48 - 45)
6/10 PN 26-20 Nomination of Andrew Hughes to be Deputy Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 44)
6/10 SB 100 Establishes the Constitutional Right to Marry Without Discrimination Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 5)
6/09 LD 259 Establishes the Criminal Records Review Commission "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (19 - 15)
6/09 PN 13-6 Nomination of David Fotouhi to be Deputy Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 43)
6/05 PN 26-16 Nomination of John Andrew Eisenberg to be an Assistant Attorney General Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 43)
6/05 PN 26-43 Nomination of Brett Shumate to be an Assistant Attorney General Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 41)
6/05 PN 12-33 Nomination of James O'Neill to be Deputy Secretary of Health and Human Services Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 43)
6/05 PN 26-43 Nomination of Brett Shumate to be an Assistant Attorney General Cloture Invoked - Senate (49 - 40)
6/05 PN 26-16 Nomination of John Andrew Eisenberg to be an Assistant Attorney General Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 43)
6/04 PN 55-47 Nomination of Edward Walsh to be Ambassador to Ireland Nomination Confirmed - Senate (57 - 38)
6/04 PN 55-9 Nomination of Michelle Bowman to be Vice Chairman for Supervision of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System Nomination Confirmed - Senate (48 - 46)
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