Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Dec. 17, 2025 PA HB 1663 Establishes the Pennsylvania Children's Literacy Program Bill Passed - House (116 - 87)
Dec. 16, 2025 MI HB 4576 Appropriates $634 Million of Supplemental Funding for Fiscal Year 2026 Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 13)
Dec. 9, 2025 National S 356 Secure Rural Schools Reauthorization Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (399 - 5)
Dec. 9, 2025 National S 356 Secure Rural Schools Reauthorization Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (399 - 5)
Dec. 4, 2025 National HR 1069 Promoting Responsible Oversight To Eliminate Communist Teachings (PROTECT) Our Kids Act Bill Passed - House (247 - 164)
Dec. 4, 2025 National HR 1049 Transparency in Reporting of Adversarial Contributions to Education Act Bill Passed - House (247 - 166)
Dec. 3, 2025 National HR 1005 Combating the Lies of Authoritarians in School Systems (CLASS) Act Bill Passed - House (242 - 176)
Nov. 19, 2025 OH HB 309 Amends the Tax Code to Expand the Authority of the County Budget Commission to Modify Levies and Reduce a Taxing Unit's Millage Concurrence Vote Passed - House (64 - 25)
Nov. 19, 2025 OH HB 184 Establishes Limitations on Intercollegiate Athlete Name, Image, and Likeness (NIL) Contracts and Amends Appropriations and Regulations for the State Budget Concurrence Vote Passed - House (83 - 5)
Nov. 19, 2025 OH HB 114 Establishes Consistent Statewide Age Requirements for Kindergarten Enrollment Concurrence Vote Passed - House (87 - 0)
Nov. 19, 2025 OH HB 129 Establishes Emergency Substitutes and Levies in the Calculation of a Public School District's Millage Floor Concurrence Vote Passed - House (81 - 8)
Nov. 19, 2025 OH HB 184 Establishes Limitations on Intercollegiate Athlete Name, Image, and Likeness (NIL) Contracts and Amends Appropriations and Regulations for the State Budget Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 1)
Nov. 19, 2025 OH HB 114 Establishes Consistent Statewide Age Requirements for Kindergarten Enrollment Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 4)
Nov. 19, 2025 OH HB 129 Establishes Emergency Substitutes and Levies in the Calculation of a Public School District's Millage Floor Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 10)
Nov. 19, 2025 OH HB 309 Amends the Tax Code to Expand the Authority of the County Budget Commission to Modify Levies and Reduce a Taxing Unit's Millage Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 10)
Nov. 19, 2025 WI AB 646 Requires a Study of Wisconsin's School Districts for Potential Consolidation Bill Passed - House (54 - 43)
Nov. 19, 2025 WI AB 644 Increases State Aid for Schools that Consolidate in 2027-2029 Bill Passed - House (53 - 44)
Nov. 19, 2025 WI AB 644 Increases State Aid for Schools that Consolidate in 2027-2029 Bill Passed - House (53 - 44)
Nov. 19, 2025 OH HB 485 Requires Schools to Show Students a Video Depicting Fetal Development From Conception Each Year Starting in Fifth Grade Bill Passed - House (59 - 27)
Nov. 19, 2025 OH HB 485 Requires Schools to Show Students a Video Depicting Fetal Development From Conception Each Year Starting in Fifth Grade Bill Passed - House (59 - 27)
Nov. 19, 2025 OH HB 486 Authorizes Public Schools and Universities to Teach the Impacts of Judeo-Christian Religion on American History Bill Passed - House (62 - 27)
Nov. 19, 2025 OH HB 486 Authorizes Public Schools and Universities to Teach the Impacts of Judeo-Christian Religion on American History Bill Passed - House (62 - 27)
Nov. 19, 2025 OH SB 34 Requires the Display of Certain Documents of Historical Significance in Public Schools Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 10)
Nov. 19, 2025 OH SB 34 Requires the Display of Certain Documents of Historical Significance in Public Schools Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 10)
Nov. 19, 2025 WI AB 614 Establishes Legal Authorization for Teachers to Take Certain Actions to Maintain Order in Their Classroom Bill Passed - House (54 - 43)
Date No. Title Outcome
12/17 HB 1663 Establishes the Pennsylvania Children's Literacy Program Bill Passed - House (116 - 87)
12/16 HB 4576 Appropriates $634 Million of Supplemental Funding for Fiscal Year 2026 Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 13)
12/09 S 356 Secure Rural Schools Reauthorization Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (399 - 5)
12/09 S 356 Secure Rural Schools Reauthorization Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (399 - 5)
12/04 HR 1069 Promoting Responsible Oversight To Eliminate Communist Teachings (PROTECT) Our Kids Act Bill Passed - House (247 - 164)
12/04 HR 1049 Transparency in Reporting of Adversarial Contributions to Education Act Bill Passed - House (247 - 166)
12/03 HR 1005 Combating the Lies of Authoritarians in School Systems (CLASS) Act Bill Passed - House (242 - 176)
11/19 HB 309 Amends the Tax Code to Expand the Authority of the County Budget Commission to Modify Levies and Reduce a Taxing Unit's Millage Concurrence Vote Passed - House (64 - 25)
11/19 HB 184 Establishes Limitations on Intercollegiate Athlete Name, Image, and Likeness (NIL) Contracts and Amends Appropriations and Regulations for the State Budget Concurrence Vote Passed - House (83 - 5)
11/19 HB 114 Establishes Consistent Statewide Age Requirements for Kindergarten Enrollment Concurrence Vote Passed - House (87 - 0)
11/19 HB 129 Establishes Emergency Substitutes and Levies in the Calculation of a Public School District's Millage Floor Concurrence Vote Passed - House (81 - 8)
11/19 HB 184 Establishes Limitations on Intercollegiate Athlete Name, Image, and Likeness (NIL) Contracts and Amends Appropriations and Regulations for the State Budget Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 1)
11/19 HB 114 Establishes Consistent Statewide Age Requirements for Kindergarten Enrollment Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 4)
11/19 HB 129 Establishes Emergency Substitutes and Levies in the Calculation of a Public School District's Millage Floor Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 10)
11/19 HB 309 Amends the Tax Code to Expand the Authority of the County Budget Commission to Modify Levies and Reduce a Taxing Unit's Millage Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 10)
11/19 AB 646 Requires a Study of Wisconsin's School Districts for Potential Consolidation Bill Passed - House (54 - 43)
11/19 AB 644 Increases State Aid for Schools that Consolidate in 2027-2029 Bill Passed - House (53 - 44)
11/19 AB 644 Increases State Aid for Schools that Consolidate in 2027-2029 Bill Passed - House (53 - 44)
11/19 HB 485 Requires Schools to Show Students a Video Depicting Fetal Development From Conception Each Year Starting in Fifth Grade Bill Passed - House (59 - 27)
11/19 HB 485 Requires Schools to Show Students a Video Depicting Fetal Development From Conception Each Year Starting in Fifth Grade Bill Passed - House (59 - 27)
11/19 HB 486 Authorizes Public Schools and Universities to Teach the Impacts of Judeo-Christian Religion on American History Bill Passed - House (62 - 27)
11/19 HB 486 Authorizes Public Schools and Universities to Teach the Impacts of Judeo-Christian Religion on American History Bill Passed - House (62 - 27)
11/19 SB 34 Requires the Display of Certain Documents of Historical Significance in Public Schools Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 10)
11/19 SB 34 Requires the Display of Certain Documents of Historical Significance in Public Schools Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 10)
11/19 AB 614 Establishes Legal Authorization for Teachers to Take Certain Actions to Maintain Order in Their Classroom Bill Passed - House (54 - 43)

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