Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
April 18, 2024 National S 4072 A bill to prohibit the use of funds to implement, administer, or enforce certain rules of the Environmental Protection Agency. Bill Failed - Senate (52 - 46)
April 18, 2024 IL HB 4895 Requires Climate Change Education be Taught in State Public Schools Bill Passed - House (70 - 37)
April 18, 2024 NE LB 1169 Amends the Nebraska State Historical Society Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 4)
April 17, 2024 CT SB 290 Amends State Environment Statutes Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 2)
April 16, 2024 MI HB 4596 Requires Disposable Wipes to Have "Do Not Flush" Labels Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 13)
April 16, 2024 PA HB 254 Establishes the Lake Erie Energy Development Act Bill Passed - House (102 - 99)
April 15, 2024 NJ A 2294 Establishes Foreclosure Protections for Residents Whose Homes were Damaged by Hurricane Ida Bill Passed - House (71 - 1)
April 11, 2024 VT S 25 Prohibits Textiles and Athletic Turf Fields Containing Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Bill Passed - House (101 - 28)
April 11, 2024 NH HB 1649 Prohibits Toxic Chemicals (PFAs) in the State Beginning in 2027 "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (233 - 140)
April 11, 2024 National HR 2560 Sea Turtle Rescue Assistance and Rehabilitation Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (332 - 82)
April 10, 2024 National S J Res 61 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Highway Administration relating to "National Performance Management Measures; Assessing Performance of the National Highway System, Greenhouse Gas Emissions Measure". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (53 - 47)
April 10, 2024 IL SB 2960 Prohibits Hotels from Using Single Use Plastics Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 16)
April 9, 2024 HI HB 2700 Establishes the Hawaii Wildfire Relief Fund and Corporation to Provide Compensation for Property Damage Resulting from Wildfires Conference Report Adopted - Senate (24 - 1)
April 9, 2024 PA SB 831 Appropriates Funding for State Carbon Capture Projects Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 20)
April 4, 2024 MN HF 3377 Establishes Environment and Natural resources Trust Fund Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 25)
April 4, 2024 AL HB 229 Establishes Little Bluestem as the official State Native Grass Bill Passed - House (63 - 22)
April 2, 2024 VT S 259 Establishes the Climate Superfund Cost Recovery Program Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 3)
April 2, 2024 IA SF 2412 Prohibits Lawsuits Against Pesticide Companies if they are Following E.P.A. Warning Guidelines Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
March 27, 2024 AZ HB 2123 Amends Revised Statutes Regarding Water Measuring Devices Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
March 27, 2024 ME LD 2101 Increases Shoreline Zoning Enforcement Bill Passed - House (107 - 36)
March 26, 2024 GA HB 1172 Amends State Laws on Waterway Usage for Boating, Fishing and Hunting Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 18)
March 22, 2024 National HR 1023 To repeal section 134 of the Clean Air Act, relating to the greenhouse gas reduction fund. Bill Passed - House (209 - 204)
March 21, 2024 National H Con Res 86 Expressing the sense of Congress that a carbon tax would be detrimental to the United States economy. Joint Resolution Passed - House (222 - 196)
March 21, 2024 National HR 7023 Creating Confidence in Clean Water Permitting Act Bill Passed - House (213 - 205)
March 20, 2024 VT S 213 Establishes the Flood Safety Act to Regulate River Corridors Across Vermont Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 4)
March 19, 2024 NY S 2016 Establishes the Home Energy Affordability Transition (HEAT) Act Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 23)
March 8, 2024 WY SF 42 Establishes a Low-Carbon Reliable Energy Standards Amendment Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (18 - 12)
March 8, 2024 WY SF 42 Establishes a Low-Carbon Reliable Energy Standards Amendment Bill Passed - House (36 - 17)
March 7, 2024 OR HB 4080 Requires Individuals Involved in Offshore Wind Energy Projects Meet Certain Labor and Supply Chain Standards Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 11)
March 7, 2024 MO HB 1751 Prohibits New South Kansas City Landfill Proposal Bill Passed - House (112 - 30)
March 7, 2024 MN HF 3377 Establishes Environment and Natural resources Trust Fund Bill Passed - House (94 - 35)
March 6, 2024 OR HB 4083 Prohibits the State Treasurer From Investing Funding in Companies that Deal in Thermal Coal Concurrence Vote Passed - House (34 - 21)
March 6, 2024 OR HB 4132 Requires the State Department of Fish and Wildlife, the State Fish and Wildlife Commission and the Department of State Lands to Implement the Ocean Policy Advisory Council Recommendations Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 3)
March 5, 2024 WA SB 6058 Amends State Carbon Markets to Align with the California-Quebec Carbon Market Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 19)
March 5, 2024 OR HB 4083 Prohibits the State Treasurer From Investing Funding in Companies that Deal in Thermal Coal Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
March 5, 2024 OR HB 4015 Amends Regulations Governing Energy Storage Systems Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
March 5, 2024 HI HB 2700 Establishes the Hawaii Wildfire Relief Fund and Corporation to Provide Compensation for Property Damage Resulting from Wildfires Bill Passed - House (47 - 2)
March 5, 2024 NY S 4270 Establishes a Carbon Tax Credit for Farmers Bill Passed - Senate (61 - 0)
March 5, 2024 OR HB 4080 Requires Individuals Involved in Offshore Wind Energy Projects Meet Certain Labor and Supply Chain Standards Bill Passed - House (37 - 21)
March 4, 2024 VA HB 985 Prohibits Pavement Sealants Containing Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 14)
March 4, 2024 OR HB 4102 Appropriates Funding for the Oregon Natural and Working Lands Fund Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 4)
March 4, 2024 SD SB 134 Establishes Forest Protection as a State Imperative Bill Passed - House (41 - 29)
March 1, 2024 UT HB 297 Limits the Ability of Local Governments to Regulate Beekeeping Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 0)
March 1, 2024 HI HB 2696 Establishes the Lahaina Recovery Oversight Commission Bill Passed - House (48 - 0)
Feb. 29, 2024 National S J Res 38 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Highway Administration relating to "Waiver of Buy America Requirements for Electric Vehicle Chargers". Veto Override Failed - Senate (50 - 47)
Feb. 29, 2024 WA SB 6058 Amends State Carbon Markets to Align with the California-Quebec Carbon Market Bill Passed - House (57 - 39)
Feb. 29, 2024 CO SB 24-005 Prohibits Landscaping Practices for Water Conservations Purposes Bill Passed - House (48 - 14)
Feb. 28, 2024 UT SB 211 Appropriates Funding for Construction of New State Water Infrastructure Bill Passed - House (70 - 4)
Feb. 27, 2024 UT HB 48 Amends the Utah Energy Act Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 6)
Feb. 27, 2024 WY SF 80 Amends Solid Waste Management Definitions Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 0)
Feb. 26, 2024 AK HB 143 Authorizes New Advanced Recycling Programs Bill Passed - House (23 - 13)
Feb. 26, 2024 GA HB 1172 Amends State Laws on Waterway Usage for Boating, Fishing and Hunting Bill Passed - House (107 - 60)
Feb. 23, 2024 CO SB 24-1091 Prohibits the use of Fire-hardened Building Materials in Residential Real Property Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 7)
Feb. 22, 2024 FL SB 1638 Establishes Funding for Environmental Resource Management Bill Passed - House (114 - 6)
Feb. 22, 2024 WI SB 312 Appropriates Funding for Grants to Local Governments and Landowners to Address PFAS Contamination Bill Passed - House (63 - 35)
Feb. 21, 2024 UT HB 11 Limits the Use of "Nonfunctional" Grass in the Construction of New Government Buildings Concurrence Vote Passed - House (59 - 12)
Feb. 20, 2024 UT HB 11 Limits the Use of "Nonfunctional" Grass in the Construction of New Government Buildings Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 2)
Feb. 20, 2024 OK SB 1510 Expands Enforcement of the Energy Discrimination Elimination Act of 2022 to Agriculture, Timber, and Mining Companies Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 1)
Feb. 19, 2024 WV HB 5006 Amends Recycling Rules for West Virginia Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
Feb. 15, 2024 OR HB 4015 Amends Regulations Governing Energy Storage Systems Bill Passed - House (44 - 13)
Feb. 15, 2024 FL SB 1638 Establishes Funding for Environmental Resource Management Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
Feb. 14, 2024 UT SB 211 Appropriates Funding for Construction of New State Water Infrastructure Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 1)
Feb. 13, 2024 WA SB 6092 Establishes New Regulations for Greenhouse Gas Emissions Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
Feb. 13, 2024 VA HB 985 Prohibits Pavement Sealants Containing Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Bill Passed - House (78 - 21)
Feb. 5, 2024 AZ HB 2123 Amends Revised Statutes Regarding Water Measuring Devices Bill Passed - House (31 - 26)
Feb. 5, 2024 CO SB 24-1091 Prohibits the use of Fire-hardened Building Materials in Residential Real Property Bill Passed - House (49 - 15)
Feb. 3, 2024 NM HB 41 Establishes State Clean Energy Standards Bill Passed - House (36 - 33)
Jan. 31, 2024 CO SB 24-005 Prohibits Landscaping Practices for Water Conservations Purposes Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 5)
Jan. 29, 2024 CA SB 768 Repeals Parts of the Environmental Quality Act Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 4)
Jan. 16, 2024 WI SB 791 Establishes Exemptions from Public Utility Regulations for Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 2)
Jan. 11, 2024 National S J Res 38 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Highway Administration relating to "Waiver of Buy America Requirements for Electric Vehicle Chargers". Joint Resolution Passed - House (209 - 198)
Jan. 8, 2024 WA HB 1012 Requires the Military Department Develop an Extreme Weather Response Grant Program Bill Passed - House (68 - 30)
Jan. 4, 2024 VT H 158 Expands the 5-Cent Refund to Water and Sports Drink Bottles and Authorizes a 15-Cent Deposit on Wine Bottles Veto Override Failed - House (112 - 32)
Date No. Title Outcome
4/18 S 4072 A bill to prohibit the use of funds to implement, administer, or enforce certain rules of the Environmental Protection Agency. Bill Failed - Senate (52 - 46)
4/18 HB 4895 Requires Climate Change Education be Taught in State Public Schools Bill Passed - House (70 - 37)
4/18 LB 1169 Amends the Nebraska State Historical Society Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 4)
4/17 SB 290 Amends State Environment Statutes Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 2)
4/16 HB 4596 Requires Disposable Wipes to Have "Do Not Flush" Labels Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 13)
4/16 HB 254 Establishes the Lake Erie Energy Development Act Bill Passed - House (102 - 99)
4/15 A 2294 Establishes Foreclosure Protections for Residents Whose Homes were Damaged by Hurricane Ida Bill Passed - House (71 - 1)
4/11 S 25 Prohibits Textiles and Athletic Turf Fields Containing Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Bill Passed - House (101 - 28)
4/11 HB 1649 Prohibits Toxic Chemicals (PFAs) in the State Beginning in 2027 "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (233 - 140)
4/11 HR 2560 Sea Turtle Rescue Assistance and Rehabilitation Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (332 - 82)
4/10 S J Res 61 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Highway Administration relating to "National Performance Management Measures; Assessing Performance of the National Highway System, Greenhouse Gas Emissions Measure". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (53 - 47)
4/10 SB 2960 Prohibits Hotels from Using Single Use Plastics Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 16)
4/09 HB 2700 Establishes the Hawaii Wildfire Relief Fund and Corporation to Provide Compensation for Property Damage Resulting from Wildfires Conference Report Adopted - Senate (24 - 1)
4/09 SB 831 Appropriates Funding for State Carbon Capture Projects Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 20)
4/04 HF 3377 Establishes Environment and Natural resources Trust Fund Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 25)
4/04 HB 229 Establishes Little Bluestem as the official State Native Grass Bill Passed - House (63 - 22)
4/02 S 259 Establishes the Climate Superfund Cost Recovery Program Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 3)
4/02 SF 2412 Prohibits Lawsuits Against Pesticide Companies if they are Following E.P.A. Warning Guidelines Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
3/27 HB 2123 Amends Revised Statutes Regarding Water Measuring Devices Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
3/27 LD 2101 Increases Shoreline Zoning Enforcement Bill Passed - House (107 - 36)
3/26 HB 1172 Amends State Laws on Waterway Usage for Boating, Fishing and Hunting Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 18)
3/22 HR 1023 To repeal section 134 of the Clean Air Act, relating to the greenhouse gas reduction fund. Bill Passed - House (209 - 204)
3/21 H Con Res 86 Expressing the sense of Congress that a carbon tax would be detrimental to the United States economy. Joint Resolution Passed - House (222 - 196)
3/21 HR 7023 Creating Confidence in Clean Water Permitting Act Bill Passed - House (213 - 205)
3/20 S 213 Establishes the Flood Safety Act to Regulate River Corridors Across Vermont Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 4)
3/19 S 2016 Establishes the Home Energy Affordability Transition (HEAT) Act Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 23)
3/08 SF 42 Establishes a Low-Carbon Reliable Energy Standards Amendment Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (18 - 12)
3/08 SF 42 Establishes a Low-Carbon Reliable Energy Standards Amendment Bill Passed - House (36 - 17)
3/07 HB 4080 Requires Individuals Involved in Offshore Wind Energy Projects Meet Certain Labor and Supply Chain Standards Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 11)
3/07 HB 1751 Prohibits New South Kansas City Landfill Proposal Bill Passed - House (112 - 30)
3/07 HF 3377 Establishes Environment and Natural resources Trust Fund Bill Passed - House (94 - 35)
3/06 HB 4083 Prohibits the State Treasurer From Investing Funding in Companies that Deal in Thermal Coal Concurrence Vote Passed - House (34 - 21)
3/06 HB 4132 Requires the State Department of Fish and Wildlife, the State Fish and Wildlife Commission and the Department of State Lands to Implement the Ocean Policy Advisory Council Recommendations Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 3)
3/05 SB 6058 Amends State Carbon Markets to Align with the California-Quebec Carbon Market Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 19)
3/05 HB 4083 Prohibits the State Treasurer From Investing Funding in Companies that Deal in Thermal Coal Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
3/05 HB 4015 Amends Regulations Governing Energy Storage Systems Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
3/05 HB 2700 Establishes the Hawaii Wildfire Relief Fund and Corporation to Provide Compensation for Property Damage Resulting from Wildfires Bill Passed - House (47 - 2)
3/05 S 4270 Establishes a Carbon Tax Credit for Farmers Bill Passed - Senate (61 - 0)
3/05 HB 4080 Requires Individuals Involved in Offshore Wind Energy Projects Meet Certain Labor and Supply Chain Standards Bill Passed - House (37 - 21)
3/04 HB 985 Prohibits Pavement Sealants Containing Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 14)
3/04 HB 4102 Appropriates Funding for the Oregon Natural and Working Lands Fund Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 4)
3/04 SB 134 Establishes Forest Protection as a State Imperative Bill Passed - House (41 - 29)
3/01 HB 297 Limits the Ability of Local Governments to Regulate Beekeeping Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 0)
3/01 HB 2696 Establishes the Lahaina Recovery Oversight Commission Bill Passed - House (48 - 0)
2/29 S J Res 38 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Highway Administration relating to "Waiver of Buy America Requirements for Electric Vehicle Chargers". Veto Override Failed - Senate (50 - 47)
2/29 SB 6058 Amends State Carbon Markets to Align with the California-Quebec Carbon Market Bill Passed - House (57 - 39)
2/29 SB 24-005 Prohibits Landscaping Practices for Water Conservations Purposes Bill Passed - House (48 - 14)
2/28 SB 211 Appropriates Funding for Construction of New State Water Infrastructure Bill Passed - House (70 - 4)
2/27 HB 48 Amends the Utah Energy Act Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 6)
2/27 SF 80 Amends Solid Waste Management Definitions Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 0)
2/26 HB 143 Authorizes New Advanced Recycling Programs Bill Passed - House (23 - 13)
2/26 HB 1172 Amends State Laws on Waterway Usage for Boating, Fishing and Hunting Bill Passed - House (107 - 60)
2/23 SB 24-1091 Prohibits the use of Fire-hardened Building Materials in Residential Real Property Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 7)
2/22 SB 1638 Establishes Funding for Environmental Resource Management Bill Passed - House (114 - 6)
2/22 SB 312 Appropriates Funding for Grants to Local Governments and Landowners to Address PFAS Contamination Bill Passed - House (63 - 35)
2/21 HB 11 Limits the Use of "Nonfunctional" Grass in the Construction of New Government Buildings Concurrence Vote Passed - House (59 - 12)
2/20 HB 11 Limits the Use of "Nonfunctional" Grass in the Construction of New Government Buildings Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 2)
2/20 SB 1510 Expands Enforcement of the Energy Discrimination Elimination Act of 2022 to Agriculture, Timber, and Mining Companies Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 1)
2/19 HB 5006 Amends Recycling Rules for West Virginia Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
2/15 HB 4015 Amends Regulations Governing Energy Storage Systems Bill Passed - House (44 - 13)
2/15 SB 1638 Establishes Funding for Environmental Resource Management Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
2/14 SB 211 Appropriates Funding for Construction of New State Water Infrastructure Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 1)
2/13 SB 6092 Establishes New Regulations for Greenhouse Gas Emissions Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
2/13 HB 985 Prohibits Pavement Sealants Containing Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Bill Passed - House (78 - 21)
2/05 HB 2123 Amends Revised Statutes Regarding Water Measuring Devices Bill Passed - House (31 - 26)
2/05 SB 24-1091 Prohibits the use of Fire-hardened Building Materials in Residential Real Property Bill Passed - House (49 - 15)
2/03 HB 41 Establishes State Clean Energy Standards Bill Passed - House (36 - 33)
1/31 SB 24-005 Prohibits Landscaping Practices for Water Conservations Purposes Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 5)
1/29 SB 768 Repeals Parts of the Environmental Quality Act Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 4)
1/16 SB 791 Establishes Exemptions from Public Utility Regulations for Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 2)
1/11 S J Res 38 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Highway Administration relating to "Waiver of Buy America Requirements for Electric Vehicle Chargers". Joint Resolution Passed - House (209 - 198)
1/08 HB 1012 Requires the Military Department Develop an Extreme Weather Response Grant Program Bill Passed - House (68 - 30)
1/04 H 158 Expands the 5-Cent Refund to Water and Sports Drink Bottles and Authorizes a 15-Cent Deposit on Wine Bottles Veto Override Failed - House (112 - 32)

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