Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
March 1, 2024 WA HB 1958 Prohibits Nonconsensual Removal or Tampering of a Condom or Other Sexually Protective Device Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 6)
March 1, 2024 UT HB 297 Limits the Ability of Local Governments to Regulate Beekeeping Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 0)
March 1, 2024 OR HB 4002 Amends State Law to Re-Criminalize Drug Possession Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 8)
March 1, 2024 OR HB 4002 Amends State Law to Re-Criminalize Drug Possession Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 8)
March 1, 2024 FL SB 260 Requires that Individuals Who Refuse Breathalyzer Tests Shall Have Their Licenses Suspended Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 1)
Feb. 29, 2024 LA HB 1 Requires Publication of Minute Entries in Juvenile Justice Records Concurrence Vote Passed - House (72 - 22)
Feb. 29, 2024 LA HB 11 Authorizes Sanctions for Violation of Probation or Parole Conditions Concurrence Vote Passed - House (71 - 28)
Feb. 29, 2024 LA HB 4 Amends and Authorizes Changes for Post-Conviction Relief Procedures Concurrence Vote Passed - House (73 - 27)
Feb. 29, 2024 LA SB 2 Authorizes Immunity for Conceal Carry Permit Holders Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (26 - 11)
Feb. 29, 2024 LA SB 2 Authorizes Immunity for Conceal Carry Permit Holders Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (26 - 11)
Feb. 29, 2024 LA SB 4 Increases Penalties and Amends Sentencing Guidelines for Certain Juveniles Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (27 - 10)
Feb. 29, 2024 LA HB 2 Authorizes Immunity for Law Enforcement Under Most Circumstances Concurrence Vote Passed - House (73 - 27)
Feb. 29, 2024 IN SB 202 Amends State University Tenure, Promotion and Diversity Policies Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 12)
Feb. 29, 2024 WA SB 5462 Amends State Learning Standards to Include Education on the LGBTQ+ Community Bill Passed - House (56 - 37)
Feb. 29, 2024 LA HB 4 Amends and Authorizes Changes for Post-Conviction Relief Procedures Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 11)
Feb. 29, 2024 LA SB 7 Increases Penalties for Drunk Driving (DUI) Bill Passed - House (93 - 1)
Feb. 29, 2024 WA SB 6228 Repeals Hidden Barriers Which Prevent Patients From Accessing Treatment They Need Bill Passed - House (84 - 8)
Feb. 29, 2024 MI HB 4127 Prohibits Open Carrying at Polling Places Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
Feb. 29, 2024 MI HB 4128 Prohibits Open Carrying at Ballot Drop Box Locations Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
Feb. 29, 2024 UT HB 432 Authorizes Clergy to Report on Child Abuse and Neglect Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 0)
Feb. 29, 2024 UT HB 432 Authorizes Clergy to Report on Child Abuse and Neglect Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 0)
Feb. 29, 2024 WV HB 4233 Prohibits Non-Binary from Being Used as Sex Designations on State Birth Certificates Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
Feb. 29, 2024 IA SF 2095 Authorizes Religious Freedom for All Government, Business, Corporate, and Foundation Employees Bill Passed - House (61 - 33)
Feb. 29, 2024 OR HB 4002 Amends State Law to Re-Criminalize Drug Possession Bill Passed - House (51 - 7)
Feb. 29, 2024 OR HB 4002 Amends State Law to Re-Criminalize Drug Possession Bill Passed - House (51 - 7)
Feb. 29, 2024 IA HF 2558 Establishes Provisions to Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Policies in Higher Education Bill Passed - House (56 - 39)
Feb. 29, 2024 GA HB 1105 Establishes Penalties for Sheriff's that Refuse to Follow Federal Immigration Orders Bill Passed - House (97 - 74)
Feb. 29, 2024 GA HB 1104 Amends Various LGBTQ Regulations and Standards in State K-12 Schools Bill Passed - House (159 - 4)
Feb. 29, 2024 TN HB 2882 Requires All Students Complete a Firearm Safety Training Course Bill Passed - House (70 - 20)
Feb. 29, 2024 GA SB 180 Authorizes Religious Freedom for All Government, Business, and Corporate Employees Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 19)
Feb. 29, 2024 GA HB 1180 Establishes a State Film Tax Credit Bill Passed - House (131 - 34)
Feb. 29, 2024 GA SB 180 Authorizes Religious Freedom for All Government, Business, and Corporate Employees Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 19)
Feb. 29, 2024 IA HF 2556 Requires Enforcement Mechanisms for Firearms Regulation Compliance by Political Subdivisions Bill Passed - House (84 - 11)
Feb. 29, 2024 AZ SB 1026 Prohibits Certain Types of Racketeering and Cockfighting Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 5)
Feb. 28, 2024 UT HB 119 Authorizes Incentives for Teachers to Conceal Carry in School Concurrence Vote Passed - House (53 - 13)
Feb. 28, 2024 UT HB 84 Authorizes School Employees to Volunteer as Armed Guards Concurrence Vote Passed - House (63 - 9)
Feb. 28, 2024 SD SB 43 Establishes Procedures for the Imposition of Fines and Probation Against Medical Cannabis Establishments Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 6)
Feb. 28, 2024 SD HB 1195 Authorizes Offenders Convicted of Vehicular Homicide to Pay Restitution to a Victim's Child Until Age 18 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (69 - 1)
Feb. 28, 2024 LA SB 4 Increases Penalties and Amends Sentencing Guidelines for Certain Juveniles Bill Passed - House (75 - 28)
Feb. 28, 2024 LA SB 2 Authorizes Immunity for Conceal Carry Permit Holders Bill Passed - House (74 - 30)
Feb. 28, 2024 LA HB 11 Authorizes Sanctions for Violation of Probation or Parole Conditions Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 11)
Feb. 28, 2024 LA HB 1 Requires Publication of Minute Entries in Juvenile Justice Records Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 9)
Feb. 28, 2024 LA SB 2 Authorizes Immunity for Conceal Carry Permit Holders Bill Passed - House (74 - 30)
Feb. 28, 2024 LA HB 2 Authorizes Immunity for Law Enforcement Under Most Circumstances Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 11)
Feb. 28, 2024 WA SB 6009 Prohibits Police from Hog-Tying Suspects Bill Passed - House (89 - 7)
Feb. 28, 2024 FL HB 187 Defines "Antisemitism" into State Law Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
Feb. 28, 2024 WA SB 6009 Prohibits Police from Hog-Tying Suspects Bill Passed - House (89 - 7)
Feb. 28, 2024 FL HB 187 Defines "Antisemitism" into State Law Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
Feb. 28, 2024 WA SB 5824 Increases Legal Protections for State Public Libraries Bill Passed - House (90 - 5)
Feb. 28, 2024 WA HB 1903 Requires Gun Owners Provide Notice to Law Enforcement Within 24 Hours of a Firearm Theft Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 20)
Feb. 28, 2024 WA HB 1903 Requires Gun Owners Provide Notice to Law Enforcement Within 24 Hours of a Firearm Theft Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 20)
Feb. 28, 2024 UT HB 119 Authorizes Incentives for Teachers to Conceal Carry in School Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 6)
Feb. 28, 2024 WA SB 5427 Establishes a Statewide Hate Crimes Hotline Within the Attorney General's Office Bill Passed - House (56 - 39)
Feb. 28, 2024 LA SB 10 Reduces Ability of Incarcerated Individuals Convicted in the Death of an Officer from Earning Time Off for Good Behavior Bill Passed - House (96 - 8)
Feb. 28, 2024 AZ SB 1231 Classifies Illegal Border Crossing as a State Crime Bill Passed - House (31 - 28)
Feb. 28, 2024 SD SB 71 Repeals Prohibition on Law Enforcement Ability to Inspect, Search, Seize, and Prosecute Cannabis Dispensaries Bill Passed - House (59 - 10)
Feb. 28, 2024 SD HB 1061 Appropriates $4.28 Million to the Emergency and Disaster Fund for National Guard Troop Deployment to the Texas Border Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 4)
Feb. 28, 2024 WA SB 5853 Expands the State's New System of Crisis Relief Centers Bill Passed - House (92 - 4)
Feb. 28, 2024 LA SB 3 Amends Juvenile Justice Laws to Treat 17-Year-Olds as Adults Bill Passed - House (74 - 26)
Feb. 28, 2024 LA SB 1 Authorizes Carrying a Concealed Weapon Without a Permit Bill Passed - House (76 - 28)
Feb. 28, 2024 UT HB 30 Establishes Road Rage as a Criminal Offense Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 5)
Feb. 28, 2024 LA SB 5 Amends Parole Proceedings and Revocation Policies in Certain Cases Bill Passed - House (72 - 31)
Feb. 28, 2024 AZ SB 1231 Classifies Illegal Border Crossing as a State Crime Bill Passed - House (31 - 28)
Feb. 28, 2024 AZ HCR 2038 Defines "Drug Cartels" as Terrorist Organizations Joint Resolution Passed - House (31 - 28)
Feb. 28, 2024 OH SB 148 Establishes the Second Amendment Financial Privacy Act Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 7)
Feb. 28, 2024 IA HF 2586 Authorizes School Employees to be Issued Permits to Carry Weapons Bill Passed - House (61 - 34)
Feb. 28, 2024 CO SB 24-035 Classifies Human Trafficking as a Crime of Violence Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
Feb. 28, 2024 ME LD 2283 Establishes Various Red Flag Gun Purchase Provisions Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 11)
Feb. 28, 2024 AZ HCR 2038 Defines "Drug Cartels" as Terrorist Organizations Joint Resolution Passed - House (31 - 28)
Feb. 28, 2024 ID S 1352 Establishes Religious Protections for Councilors and Therapists Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 11)
Feb. 27, 2024 IN SB 202 Amends State University Tenure, Promotion and Diversity Policies Bill Passed - House (66 - 31)
Feb. 27, 2024 WA SB 5444 Prohibits Open Carrying of Guns in Zoos, Libraries and Transit Centers Bill Passed - House (58 - 36)
Feb. 27, 2024 WA HB 2118 Requires Gun Dealers Have Surveillance Cameras Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 21)
Feb. 27, 2024 WA SB 5985 Amends Firearms Background Check Program Bill Passed - House (63 - 33)
Feb. 27, 2024 SD HB 1098 Repeals the Fee for Homeless Individuals to Obtain a Copy of Their Birth Certificate Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 5)
Date No. Title Outcome
3/01 HB 1958 Prohibits Nonconsensual Removal or Tampering of a Condom or Other Sexually Protective Device Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 6)
3/01 HB 297 Limits the Ability of Local Governments to Regulate Beekeeping Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 0)
3/01 HB 4002 Amends State Law to Re-Criminalize Drug Possession Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 8)
3/01 HB 4002 Amends State Law to Re-Criminalize Drug Possession Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 8)
3/01 SB 260 Requires that Individuals Who Refuse Breathalyzer Tests Shall Have Their Licenses Suspended Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 1)
2/29 HB 1 Requires Publication of Minute Entries in Juvenile Justice Records Concurrence Vote Passed - House (72 - 22)
2/29 HB 11 Authorizes Sanctions for Violation of Probation or Parole Conditions Concurrence Vote Passed - House (71 - 28)
2/29 HB 4 Amends and Authorizes Changes for Post-Conviction Relief Procedures Concurrence Vote Passed - House (73 - 27)
2/29 SB 2 Authorizes Immunity for Conceal Carry Permit Holders Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (26 - 11)
2/29 SB 2 Authorizes Immunity for Conceal Carry Permit Holders Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (26 - 11)
2/29 SB 4 Increases Penalties and Amends Sentencing Guidelines for Certain Juveniles Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (27 - 10)
2/29 HB 2 Authorizes Immunity for Law Enforcement Under Most Circumstances Concurrence Vote Passed - House (73 - 27)
2/29 SB 202 Amends State University Tenure, Promotion and Diversity Policies Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 12)
2/29 SB 5462 Amends State Learning Standards to Include Education on the LGBTQ+ Community Bill Passed - House (56 - 37)
2/29 HB 4 Amends and Authorizes Changes for Post-Conviction Relief Procedures Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 11)
2/29 SB 7 Increases Penalties for Drunk Driving (DUI) Bill Passed - House (93 - 1)
2/29 SB 6228 Repeals Hidden Barriers Which Prevent Patients From Accessing Treatment They Need Bill Passed - House (84 - 8)
2/29 HB 4127 Prohibits Open Carrying at Polling Places Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
2/29 HB 4128 Prohibits Open Carrying at Ballot Drop Box Locations Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
2/29 HB 432 Authorizes Clergy to Report on Child Abuse and Neglect Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 0)
2/29 HB 432 Authorizes Clergy to Report on Child Abuse and Neglect Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 0)
2/29 HB 4233 Prohibits Non-Binary from Being Used as Sex Designations on State Birth Certificates Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
2/29 SF 2095 Authorizes Religious Freedom for All Government, Business, Corporate, and Foundation Employees Bill Passed - House (61 - 33)
2/29 HB 4002 Amends State Law to Re-Criminalize Drug Possession Bill Passed - House (51 - 7)
2/29 HB 4002 Amends State Law to Re-Criminalize Drug Possession Bill Passed - House (51 - 7)
2/29 HF 2558 Establishes Provisions to Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Policies in Higher Education Bill Passed - House (56 - 39)
2/29 HB 1105 Establishes Penalties for Sheriff's that Refuse to Follow Federal Immigration Orders Bill Passed - House (97 - 74)
2/29 HB 1104 Amends Various LGBTQ Regulations and Standards in State K-12 Schools Bill Passed - House (159 - 4)
2/29 HB 2882 Requires All Students Complete a Firearm Safety Training Course Bill Passed - House (70 - 20)
2/29 SB 180 Authorizes Religious Freedom for All Government, Business, and Corporate Employees Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 19)
2/29 HB 1180 Establishes a State Film Tax Credit Bill Passed - House (131 - 34)
2/29 SB 180 Authorizes Religious Freedom for All Government, Business, and Corporate Employees Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 19)
2/29 HF 2556 Requires Enforcement Mechanisms for Firearms Regulation Compliance by Political Subdivisions Bill Passed - House (84 - 11)
2/29 SB 1026 Prohibits Certain Types of Racketeering and Cockfighting Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 5)
2/28 HB 119 Authorizes Incentives for Teachers to Conceal Carry in School Concurrence Vote Passed - House (53 - 13)
2/28 HB 84 Authorizes School Employees to Volunteer as Armed Guards Concurrence Vote Passed - House (63 - 9)
2/28 SB 43 Establishes Procedures for the Imposition of Fines and Probation Against Medical Cannabis Establishments Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 6)
2/28 HB 1195 Authorizes Offenders Convicted of Vehicular Homicide to Pay Restitution to a Victim's Child Until Age 18 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (69 - 1)
2/28 SB 4 Increases Penalties and Amends Sentencing Guidelines for Certain Juveniles Bill Passed - House (75 - 28)
2/28 SB 2 Authorizes Immunity for Conceal Carry Permit Holders Bill Passed - House (74 - 30)
2/28 HB 11 Authorizes Sanctions for Violation of Probation or Parole Conditions Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 11)
2/28 HB 1 Requires Publication of Minute Entries in Juvenile Justice Records Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 9)
2/28 SB 2 Authorizes Immunity for Conceal Carry Permit Holders Bill Passed - House (74 - 30)
2/28 HB 2 Authorizes Immunity for Law Enforcement Under Most Circumstances Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 11)
2/28 SB 6009 Prohibits Police from Hog-Tying Suspects Bill Passed - House (89 - 7)
2/28 HB 187 Defines "Antisemitism" into State Law Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
2/28 SB 6009 Prohibits Police from Hog-Tying Suspects Bill Passed - House (89 - 7)
2/28 HB 187 Defines "Antisemitism" into State Law Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
2/28 SB 5824 Increases Legal Protections for State Public Libraries Bill Passed - House (90 - 5)
2/28 HB 1903 Requires Gun Owners Provide Notice to Law Enforcement Within 24 Hours of a Firearm Theft Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 20)
2/28 HB 1903 Requires Gun Owners Provide Notice to Law Enforcement Within 24 Hours of a Firearm Theft Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 20)
2/28 HB 119 Authorizes Incentives for Teachers to Conceal Carry in School Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 6)
2/28 SB 5427 Establishes a Statewide Hate Crimes Hotline Within the Attorney General's Office Bill Passed - House (56 - 39)
2/28 SB 10 Reduces Ability of Incarcerated Individuals Convicted in the Death of an Officer from Earning Time Off for Good Behavior Bill Passed - House (96 - 8)
2/28 SB 1231 Classifies Illegal Border Crossing as a State Crime Bill Passed - House (31 - 28)
2/28 SB 71 Repeals Prohibition on Law Enforcement Ability to Inspect, Search, Seize, and Prosecute Cannabis Dispensaries Bill Passed - House (59 - 10)
2/28 HB 1061 Appropriates $4.28 Million to the Emergency and Disaster Fund for National Guard Troop Deployment to the Texas Border Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 4)
2/28 SB 5853 Expands the State's New System of Crisis Relief Centers Bill Passed - House (92 - 4)
2/28 SB 3 Amends Juvenile Justice Laws to Treat 17-Year-Olds as Adults Bill Passed - House (74 - 26)
2/28 SB 1 Authorizes Carrying a Concealed Weapon Without a Permit Bill Passed - House (76 - 28)
2/28 HB 30 Establishes Road Rage as a Criminal Offense Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 5)
2/28 SB 5 Amends Parole Proceedings and Revocation Policies in Certain Cases Bill Passed - House (72 - 31)
2/28 SB 1231 Classifies Illegal Border Crossing as a State Crime Bill Passed - House (31 - 28)
2/28 HCR 2038 Defines "Drug Cartels" as Terrorist Organizations Joint Resolution Passed - House (31 - 28)
2/28 SB 148 Establishes the Second Amendment Financial Privacy Act Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 7)
2/28 HF 2586 Authorizes School Employees to be Issued Permits to Carry Weapons Bill Passed - House (61 - 34)
2/28 SB 24-035 Classifies Human Trafficking as a Crime of Violence Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
2/28 LD 2283 Establishes Various Red Flag Gun Purchase Provisions Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 11)
2/28 HCR 2038 Defines "Drug Cartels" as Terrorist Organizations Joint Resolution Passed - House (31 - 28)
2/28 S 1352 Establishes Religious Protections for Councilors and Therapists Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 11)
2/27 SB 202 Amends State University Tenure, Promotion and Diversity Policies Bill Passed - House (66 - 31)
2/27 SB 5444 Prohibits Open Carrying of Guns in Zoos, Libraries and Transit Centers Bill Passed - House (58 - 36)
2/27 HB 2118 Requires Gun Dealers Have Surveillance Cameras Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 21)
2/27 SB 5985 Amends Firearms Background Check Program Bill Passed - House (63 - 33)
2/27 HB 1098 Repeals the Fee for Homeless Individuals to Obtain a Copy of Their Birth Certificate Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 5)

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