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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Jan. 21, 2025 WY SF 40 Increases Petition Threshold to Trigger City Council Votes Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 0)
Jan. 21, 2025 DE SB 42 Amends Previous Changes Made to the State Judicial Pension Plan Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 0)
Jan. 21, 2025 VA SJR 249 Establishes a Constitutional Amendment Protecting Marriage Equality Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (24 - 15)
Jan. 20, 2025 National PN 11-13 Nomination of Marco Rubio to be Secretary of State Nomination Confirmed - Senate (99 - 0)
Jan. 14, 2025 ME SP 97 Limits the Use of Vague Placeholder Bills Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (22 - 12)
Jan. 13, 2025 NY S 88 Amends Various New York Laws Relating to Elections and Automatic Voter Registration Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 21)
Jan. 8, 2025 WI SJR 2 Authorizes a Constitutional Amendment that Requires Voter ID Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (17 - 15)
Jan. 8, 2025 WI SJR 2 Authorizes a Constitutional Amendment that Requires Voter ID Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (17 - 15)
Jan. 5, 2025 IL HB 5164 Amends the Clerks of the Court Act to Reduce State Requirements for Name Changes Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 16)
Jan. 5, 2025 IL HB 5164 Amends the Clerks of the Court Act to Reduce State Requirements for Name Changes Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 16)
Dec. 21, 2024 National HR 10545 American Relief Act, 2025 Bill Passed - Senate (85 - 11)
Dec. 20, 2024 MI HB 5695 Increases Financial Support Available to Ground Ambulance Services Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 3)
Dec. 20, 2024 MI HB 4173 Establishes the "Michigan Sentencing Commission" in the Legislative Council Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 17)
Dec. 20, 2024 MI HB 5400 Amends The Term "Ethnic Intimidation" to "Hate Crime" in the Civil Rights Chapter of the State Penal Code Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
Dec. 20, 2024 MI HB 6145 Amends Various Public Regulations Relating to Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
Dec. 18, 2024 OH SB 63 Requires Individuals that Have Been Exposed to Asbestos to File Specific Types of Disclosures Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (25 - 6)
Dec. 18, 2024 OH HB 315 Authorizes Local Governments to Establish Township Preservation Commissions Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 1)
Dec. 18, 2024 OH HB 331 Requires an Audit of State Rural Villages Every 10 Years After the U.S. Census Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 1)
Dec. 18, 2024 OH HB 331 Requires an Audit of State Rural Villages Every 10 Years After the U.S. Census Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 1)
Dec. 18, 2024 OH HB 315 Authorizes Local Governments to Establish Township Preservation Commissions Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 1)
Dec. 18, 2024 OH HJR 8 Establishes a Constitutional Amendment to Ask Voters to Approve $2.5 Billion in Spending Over 10 Years Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (30 - 1)
Dec. 18, 2024 OH HJR 8 Establishes a Constitutional Amendment to Ask Voters to Approve $2.5 Billion in Spending Over 10 Years Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (30 - 1)
Dec. 11, 2024 OH HB 74 Amends Various State Election Laws and Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 7)
Dec. 11, 2024 National PN 1789 Nomination of Lauren McGarity McFerran, of the District of Columbia, to be a Member of the National Labor Relations Board for the term of five years expiring December 16, 2029 Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (49 - 50)
Dec. 2, 2024 NC SB 382 Transfers $227 Million from North Carolina's Reserve Fund to the Helene Fund and Rescinds Election Board Appointment Powers from Governor to Auditor Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
Dec. 2, 2024 NC HB 151 Authorizes a Joint Resolution Establishing Term Limits for Congress Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (29 - 20)
Nov. 20, 2024 OH SJR 4 Establishes a Statewide Measure on the Ballot in May 2025 to Ask Voters to Approve the Issuance of an Additional $2.5 Billion Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (30 - 1)
Nov. 13, 2024 National PN 923 Nomination of David Huitema to be Director of the Office of Government Ethics Nomination Confirmed - Senate (50 - 46)
Nov. 13, 2024 National PN 923 Nomination of David Huitema to be Director of the Office of Government Ethics Nomination Confirmed - Senate (50 - 46)
Oct. 30, 2024 MI HB 5328 Extends Retirement Fund for Judges and Civil Servants Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 2)
Oct. 28, 2024 NJ S 3838 Authorizes Director of Division of Pensions and Benefits to Initiate a Temporary Transfer of Funds in Certain Circumstances Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 12)
Oct. 23, 2024 MI HB 5557 Requires Zoning and Growth Plans to Forecast and Take Into Account Housing Needs Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 14)
Oct. 22, 2024 PA HB 1409 Expands the Fish and Boat Commission's Authority to Set License, Permit and Issuing Agent Fees Bill Passed - Senate (47 - 3)
Oct. 9, 2024 PA SB 1274 Amends the Sign Language Interpreter and Transliterator State Registration Act Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
Oct. 9, 2024 PA HB 1509 Authorizes Various Criminal Sentencing Regulations and Parole Guideline Reforms Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 1)
Oct. 9, 2024 PA HB 1700 Prohibits the Public Release of Any Personal Information of Federal Judges Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
Oct. 9, 2024 PA SB 1230 Requires Improved Elevator Safety Standards Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
Oct. 8, 2024 WV HB 208 Establishes a Comprehensive Radiation Control Act in West Virginia Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 5)
Oct. 8, 2024 WV HB 244 Establishes a Limited Moratorium on New Municipal Fire Fees Imposed on Non-Municipal Residents Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 2)
Sept. 25, 2024 MI HB 5429 Establishes a Court-Appointed Special Advocate Program for Children Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (35 - 3)
Sept. 25, 2024 National HR 9747 Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025 Bill Passed - Senate (78 - 18)
Sept. 25, 2024 MI HB 5779 Requires Autonomy be Returned to Certain Local Governments on Bridge Infrastructure Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
Sept. 25, 2024 MI HB 5393 Increases the Maximum Time for a Juvenile to Complete the Terms of a Consent Calendar Case Plan Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
Sept. 24, 2024 National PN 1342 Nomination of Michael Sfraga of Alaska to be Ambassador at Large for Arctic Affairs Nomination Confirmed - Senate (55 - 36)
Sept. 17, 2024 MI SB 403 Requires Clerks Print Election Materials in Languages Other Than English Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
Sept. 17, 2024 MI SB 404 Requires Clerks Provide the Secretary of State with Additional Information on Changes to Election Methods Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
Sept. 17, 2024 MI SB 401 Prohibits Any Action by Election Officials that Creates a Supposed Disparity in Voter Participation or Access Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
Sept. 17, 2024 MI SB 402 Establishes a Voting and Elections Database and Institute Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
Sept. 9, 2024 NC HB 556 Prohibits Landlords from Refusing Tenants Based on their Lawful Source of Income and Clarifies Changes to Ordinances in North Carolina Veto Override Passed - Senate (27 - 17)
Sept. 9, 2024 NC SB 166 Amends and Reforms Certain Regulations Surrounding Building Codes Veto Override Passed - Senate (27 - 17)
Date No. Title Outcome
1/21 SF 40 Increases Petition Threshold to Trigger City Council Votes Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 0)
1/21 SB 42 Amends Previous Changes Made to the State Judicial Pension Plan Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 0)
1/21 SJR 249 Establishes a Constitutional Amendment Protecting Marriage Equality Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (24 - 15)
1/20 PN 11-13 Nomination of Marco Rubio to be Secretary of State Nomination Confirmed - Senate (99 - 0)
1/14 SP 97 Limits the Use of Vague Placeholder Bills Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (22 - 12)
1/13 S 88 Amends Various New York Laws Relating to Elections and Automatic Voter Registration Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 21)
1/08 SJR 2 Authorizes a Constitutional Amendment that Requires Voter ID Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (17 - 15)
1/08 SJR 2 Authorizes a Constitutional Amendment that Requires Voter ID Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (17 - 15)
1/05 HB 5164 Amends the Clerks of the Court Act to Reduce State Requirements for Name Changes Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 16)
1/05 HB 5164 Amends the Clerks of the Court Act to Reduce State Requirements for Name Changes Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 16)
12/21 HR 10545 American Relief Act, 2025 Bill Passed - Senate (85 - 11)
12/20 HB 5695 Increases Financial Support Available to Ground Ambulance Services Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 3)
12/20 HB 4173 Establishes the "Michigan Sentencing Commission" in the Legislative Council Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 17)
12/20 HB 5400 Amends The Term "Ethnic Intimidation" to "Hate Crime" in the Civil Rights Chapter of the State Penal Code Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
12/20 HB 6145 Amends Various Public Regulations Relating to Firearms Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
12/18 SB 63 Requires Individuals that Have Been Exposed to Asbestos to File Specific Types of Disclosures Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (25 - 6)
12/18 HB 315 Authorizes Local Governments to Establish Township Preservation Commissions Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 1)
12/18 HB 331 Requires an Audit of State Rural Villages Every 10 Years After the U.S. Census Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 1)
12/18 HB 331 Requires an Audit of State Rural Villages Every 10 Years After the U.S. Census Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 1)
12/18 HB 315 Authorizes Local Governments to Establish Township Preservation Commissions Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 1)
12/18 HJR 8 Establishes a Constitutional Amendment to Ask Voters to Approve $2.5 Billion in Spending Over 10 Years Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (30 - 1)
12/18 HJR 8 Establishes a Constitutional Amendment to Ask Voters to Approve $2.5 Billion in Spending Over 10 Years Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (30 - 1)
12/11 HB 74 Amends Various State Election Laws and Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 7)
12/11 PN 1789 Nomination of Lauren McGarity McFerran, of the District of Columbia, to be a Member of the National Labor Relations Board for the term of five years expiring December 16, 2029 Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (49 - 50)
12/02 SB 382 Transfers $227 Million from North Carolina's Reserve Fund to the Helene Fund and Rescinds Election Board Appointment Powers from Governor to Auditor Veto Override Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
12/02 HB 151 Authorizes a Joint Resolution Establishing Term Limits for Congress Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (29 - 20)
11/20 SJR 4 Establishes a Statewide Measure on the Ballot in May 2025 to Ask Voters to Approve the Issuance of an Additional $2.5 Billion Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (30 - 1)
11/13 PN 923 Nomination of David Huitema to be Director of the Office of Government Ethics Nomination Confirmed - Senate (50 - 46)
11/13 PN 923 Nomination of David Huitema to be Director of the Office of Government Ethics Nomination Confirmed - Senate (50 - 46)
10/30 HB 5328 Extends Retirement Fund for Judges and Civil Servants Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 2)
10/28 S 3838 Authorizes Director of Division of Pensions and Benefits to Initiate a Temporary Transfer of Funds in Certain Circumstances Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 12)
10/23 HB 5557 Requires Zoning and Growth Plans to Forecast and Take Into Account Housing Needs Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 14)
10/22 HB 1409 Expands the Fish and Boat Commission's Authority to Set License, Permit and Issuing Agent Fees Bill Passed - Senate (47 - 3)
10/09 SB 1274 Amends the Sign Language Interpreter and Transliterator State Registration Act Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
10/09 HB 1509 Authorizes Various Criminal Sentencing Regulations and Parole Guideline Reforms Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 1)
10/09 HB 1700 Prohibits the Public Release of Any Personal Information of Federal Judges Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
10/09 SB 1230 Requires Improved Elevator Safety Standards Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
10/08 HB 208 Establishes a Comprehensive Radiation Control Act in West Virginia Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 5)
10/08 HB 244 Establishes a Limited Moratorium on New Municipal Fire Fees Imposed on Non-Municipal Residents Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 2)
9/25 HB 5429 Establishes a Court-Appointed Special Advocate Program for Children Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (35 - 3)
9/25 HR 9747 Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025 Bill Passed - Senate (78 - 18)
9/25 HB 5779 Requires Autonomy be Returned to Certain Local Governments on Bridge Infrastructure Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
9/25 HB 5393 Increases the Maximum Time for a Juvenile to Complete the Terms of a Consent Calendar Case Plan Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
9/24 PN 1342 Nomination of Michael Sfraga of Alaska to be Ambassador at Large for Arctic Affairs Nomination Confirmed - Senate (55 - 36)
9/17 SB 403 Requires Clerks Print Election Materials in Languages Other Than English Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
9/17 SB 404 Requires Clerks Provide the Secretary of State with Additional Information on Changes to Election Methods Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
9/17 SB 401 Prohibits Any Action by Election Officials that Creates a Supposed Disparity in Voter Participation or Access Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
9/17 SB 402 Establishes a Voting and Elections Database and Institute Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 16)
9/09 HB 556 Prohibits Landlords from Refusing Tenants Based on their Lawful Source of Income and Clarifies Changes to Ordinances in North Carolina Veto Override Passed - Senate (27 - 17)
9/09 SB 166 Amends and Reforms Certain Regulations Surrounding Building Codes Veto Override Passed - Senate (27 - 17)
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