Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
June 27, 2025 National S J Res 59 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress. Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 53)
June 27, 2025 National S J Res 59 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress. Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 53)
June 26, 2025 NH HB 71 Prohibits the Use of Public School Facilities to Provide Shelter to Undocumented Immigrants Conference Report Adopted - Senate (15 - 8)
June 26, 2025 PA HB 799 Amends Regulations for Veterans' Benefits and Services Workplace Posting Bill Passed - Senate (46 - 4)
June 26, 2025 PA HB 865 Specifies Guidelines for Military Family Educational Program Grant Eligibility for Pennsylvania National Guard Members Bill Passed - Senate (50 - 0)
June 26, 2025 National HR 875 Jeremy and Angel Seay and Sergeant Brandon Mendoza Protect Our Communities from DUIs Act Bill Passed - House (246 - 160)
June 26, 2025 National HR 275 Special Interest Alien Reporting Act Bill Passed - House (231 - 182)
June 25, 2025 National HR 3944 Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - House (218 - 206)
June 25, 2025 National HR 3944 Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - House (218 - 206)
June 24, 2025 National PN 26-50 Nomination of Daniel Zimmerman to be an Assistant Secretary of Defense Nomination Confirmed - Senate (61 - 35)
June 23, 2025 National PN 26-50 Nomination of Daniel Zimmerman to be an Assistant Secretary of Defense Cloture Invoked - Senate (58 - 33)
June 23, 2025 National HR 1998 Sanction Sea Pirates Act Bill Passed - House (392 - 14)
June 23, 2025 National HR 1998 Sanction Sea Pirates Act Bill Passed - House (392 - 14)
June 18, 2025 ME LD 1971 Limits How Local Law Enforcement Agencies Assist Federal Immigration Officials Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (20 - 14)
June 18, 2025 ME LD 1971 Limits How Local Law Enforcement Agencies Assist Federal Immigration Officials Concurrence Vote Passed - House (75 - 73)
June 18, 2025 National PN 12-40 Nomination of Rodney Scott to be Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Department of Homeland Security Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 46)
June 18, 2025 National PN 12-40 Nomination of Rodney Scott to be Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Department of Homeland Security Cloture Invoked - Senate (50 - 46)
June 18, 2025 OH SB 172 Prohibits Immigration-Related Arrest Protections Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 8)
June 17, 2025 NC HB 91 Amends and Redefines "Armed Forces" Bill Passed - Senate (46 - 0)
June 17, 2025 NC HB 91 Amends and Redefines "Armed Forces" Bill Passed - Senate (46 - 0)
June 13, 2025 NY S 3765 Specifies Procedures for Issuance of Birth Certificate for Foreign Adoptions Bill Passed - Senate (59 - 0)
June 12, 2025 RI S 75 Establishes Local VIN Check Authority and Waives Fees for Veterans and Military Members Concurrence Vote Passed - House (66 - 1)
June 12, 2025 National HR 2056 District of Columbia Federal Immigration Compliance Act Bill Passed - House (224 - 194)
June 12, 2025 National HR 4 Rescissions Act Bill Passed - House (214 - 212)
June 12, 2025 National HR 4 Rescissions Act Bill Passed - House (214 - 212)
June 11, 2025 National S J Res 53 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval of the proposed foreign military sale to the Government of Qatar of certain defense articles and services. Motion Rejected - Senate (39 - 56)
June 11, 2025 National S J Res 54 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval of the proposed foreign military sale to the Government of the United Arab Emirates of certain defense articles and services. Motion Rejected - Senate (39 - 56)
June 10, 2025 NC HB 318 Reduces the Timeline for Law Enforcement to Alert ICE before an Undocumented Immigrant Criminal Suspect is Released Concurrence Vote Passed - House (66 - 45)
June 10, 2025 NC SB 153 Requires State Police to Cooperate with Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and Authorizes Individuals to Sue Local Governments for Crimes Committed by Undocumented Immigrants Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (26 - 17)
June 10, 2025 LA SB 15 Authorizes Punishments to Jailers for Not Cooperating with ICE Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
June 10, 2025 NC HB 318 Reduces the Timeline for Law Enforcement to Alert ICE before an Undocumented Immigrant Criminal Suspect is Released Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 17)
June 10, 2025 National HR 2096 Protecting Our Nation's Capital Emergency Act Bill Passed - House (235 - 178)
June 9, 2025 LA SB 15 Authorizes Punishments to Jailers for Not Cooperating with ICE Bill Passed - House (71 - 30)
June 9, 2025 LA SB 100 Requires State Agencies to Track and Report the Services Received by Undocumented Immigrants to Determine the Amount of Tax Dollars Spent on Them Bill Passed - House (74 - 27)
June 9, 2025 MN HF 1 Repeals MinnesotaCare Eligibility for Undocumented Immigrants Age 18 or Older Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 16)
June 9, 2025 MN HF 1 Repeals MinnesotaCare Eligibility for Undocumented Immigrants Age 18 or Older Bill Passed - House (68 - 65)
June 9, 2025 National HR 2035 American Cargo for American Ships Act Bill Passed - House (373 - 14)
June 5, 2025 National HR 2931 Save SBA from Sanctuary Cities Act Bill Passed - House (211 - 199)
June 4, 2025 National PN 55-47 Nomination of Edward Walsh to be Ambassador to Ireland Nomination Confirmed - Senate (57 - 38)
June 4, 2025 National PN 55-47 Nomination of Edward Walsh to be Ambassador to Ireland Nomination Confirmed - Senate (57 - 38)
June 4, 2025 NC SB 153 Requires State Police to Cooperate with Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and Authorizes Individuals to Sue Local Governments for Crimes Committed by Undocumented Immigrants Bill Passed - House (60 - 46)
June 4, 2025 National PN 55-47 Nomination of Edward Walsh to be Ambassador to Ireland Cloture Invoked - Senate (60 - 37)
June 4, 2025 National PN 55-47 Nomination of Edward Walsh to be Ambassador to Ireland Cloture Invoked - Senate (60 - 37)
June 3, 2025 National PN 25-19 Nomination of Allison Hooker to be an Under Secretary of State (Political Affairs) Nomination Confirmed - Senate (59 - 36)
June 3, 2025 National PN 22-16 Nomination of Dale Marks to be an Assistant Secretary of Defense Nomination Confirmed - Senate (72 - 26)
June 3, 2025 National PN 17 Nomination of Michael Duffey to be Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 46)
June 3, 2025 National PN 25-19 Nomination of Allison Hooker to be an Under Secretary of State (Political Affairs) Cloture Invoked - Senate (59 - 37)
June 3, 2025 National PN 22-16 Nomination of Dale Marks to be an Assistant Secretary of Defense Cloture Invoked - Senate (66 - 28)
June 2, 2025 National PN 17 Nomination of Michael Duffey to be Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 45)
June 2, 2025 CA AB 325 Prohibits a Person from Using or Distributing a Common Pricing Algorithm to Restrain Trade or Commerce Bill Passed - House (54 - 17)
Date No. Title Outcome
6/27 S J Res 59 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress. Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 53)
6/27 S J Res 59 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress. Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 53)
6/26 HB 71 Prohibits the Use of Public School Facilities to Provide Shelter to Undocumented Immigrants Conference Report Adopted - Senate (15 - 8)
6/26 HB 799 Amends Regulations for Veterans' Benefits and Services Workplace Posting Bill Passed - Senate (46 - 4)
6/26 HB 865 Specifies Guidelines for Military Family Educational Program Grant Eligibility for Pennsylvania National Guard Members Bill Passed - Senate (50 - 0)
6/26 HR 875 Jeremy and Angel Seay and Sergeant Brandon Mendoza Protect Our Communities from DUIs Act Bill Passed - House (246 - 160)
6/26 HR 275 Special Interest Alien Reporting Act Bill Passed - House (231 - 182)
6/25 HR 3944 Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - House (218 - 206)
6/25 HR 3944 Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - House (218 - 206)
6/24 PN 26-50 Nomination of Daniel Zimmerman to be an Assistant Secretary of Defense Nomination Confirmed - Senate (61 - 35)
6/23 PN 26-50 Nomination of Daniel Zimmerman to be an Assistant Secretary of Defense Cloture Invoked - Senate (58 - 33)
6/23 HR 1998 Sanction Sea Pirates Act Bill Passed - House (392 - 14)
6/23 HR 1998 Sanction Sea Pirates Act Bill Passed - House (392 - 14)
6/18 LD 1971 Limits How Local Law Enforcement Agencies Assist Federal Immigration Officials Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (20 - 14)
6/18 LD 1971 Limits How Local Law Enforcement Agencies Assist Federal Immigration Officials Concurrence Vote Passed - House (75 - 73)
6/18 PN 12-40 Nomination of Rodney Scott to be Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Department of Homeland Security Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 46)
6/18 PN 12-40 Nomination of Rodney Scott to be Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Department of Homeland Security Cloture Invoked - Senate (50 - 46)
6/18 SB 172 Prohibits Immigration-Related Arrest Protections Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 8)
6/17 HB 91 Amends and Redefines "Armed Forces" Bill Passed - Senate (46 - 0)
6/17 HB 91 Amends and Redefines "Armed Forces" Bill Passed - Senate (46 - 0)
6/13 S 3765 Specifies Procedures for Issuance of Birth Certificate for Foreign Adoptions Bill Passed - Senate (59 - 0)
6/12 S 75 Establishes Local VIN Check Authority and Waives Fees for Veterans and Military Members Concurrence Vote Passed - House (66 - 1)
6/12 HR 2056 District of Columbia Federal Immigration Compliance Act Bill Passed - House (224 - 194)
6/12 HR 4 Rescissions Act Bill Passed - House (214 - 212)
6/12 HR 4 Rescissions Act Bill Passed - House (214 - 212)
6/11 S J Res 53 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval of the proposed foreign military sale to the Government of Qatar of certain defense articles and services. Motion Rejected - Senate (39 - 56)
6/11 S J Res 54 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval of the proposed foreign military sale to the Government of the United Arab Emirates of certain defense articles and services. Motion Rejected - Senate (39 - 56)
6/10 HB 318 Reduces the Timeline for Law Enforcement to Alert ICE before an Undocumented Immigrant Criminal Suspect is Released Concurrence Vote Passed - House (66 - 45)
6/10 SB 153 Requires State Police to Cooperate with Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and Authorizes Individuals to Sue Local Governments for Crimes Committed by Undocumented Immigrants Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (26 - 17)
6/10 SB 15 Authorizes Punishments to Jailers for Not Cooperating with ICE Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
6/10 HB 318 Reduces the Timeline for Law Enforcement to Alert ICE before an Undocumented Immigrant Criminal Suspect is Released Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 17)
6/10 HR 2096 Protecting Our Nation's Capital Emergency Act Bill Passed - House (235 - 178)
6/09 SB 15 Authorizes Punishments to Jailers for Not Cooperating with ICE Bill Passed - House (71 - 30)
6/09 SB 100 Requires State Agencies to Track and Report the Services Received by Undocumented Immigrants to Determine the Amount of Tax Dollars Spent on Them Bill Passed - House (74 - 27)
6/09 HF 1 Repeals MinnesotaCare Eligibility for Undocumented Immigrants Age 18 or Older Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 16)
6/09 HF 1 Repeals MinnesotaCare Eligibility for Undocumented Immigrants Age 18 or Older Bill Passed - House (68 - 65)
6/09 HR 2035 American Cargo for American Ships Act Bill Passed - House (373 - 14)
6/05 HR 2931 Save SBA from Sanctuary Cities Act Bill Passed - House (211 - 199)
6/04 PN 55-47 Nomination of Edward Walsh to be Ambassador to Ireland Nomination Confirmed - Senate (57 - 38)
6/04 PN 55-47 Nomination of Edward Walsh to be Ambassador to Ireland Nomination Confirmed - Senate (57 - 38)
6/04 SB 153 Requires State Police to Cooperate with Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and Authorizes Individuals to Sue Local Governments for Crimes Committed by Undocumented Immigrants Bill Passed - House (60 - 46)
6/04 PN 55-47 Nomination of Edward Walsh to be Ambassador to Ireland Cloture Invoked - Senate (60 - 37)
6/04 PN 55-47 Nomination of Edward Walsh to be Ambassador to Ireland Cloture Invoked - Senate (60 - 37)
6/03 PN 25-19 Nomination of Allison Hooker to be an Under Secretary of State (Political Affairs) Nomination Confirmed - Senate (59 - 36)
6/03 PN 22-16 Nomination of Dale Marks to be an Assistant Secretary of Defense Nomination Confirmed - Senate (72 - 26)
6/03 PN 17 Nomination of Michael Duffey to be Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 46)
6/03 PN 25-19 Nomination of Allison Hooker to be an Under Secretary of State (Political Affairs) Cloture Invoked - Senate (59 - 37)
6/03 PN 22-16 Nomination of Dale Marks to be an Assistant Secretary of Defense Cloture Invoked - Senate (66 - 28)
6/02 PN 17 Nomination of Michael Duffey to be Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 45)
6/02 AB 325 Prohibits a Person from Using or Distributing a Common Pricing Algorithm to Restrain Trade or Commerce Bill Passed - House (54 - 17)

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