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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
April 2, 2024 VT S 259 Establishes the Climate Superfund Cost Recovery Program Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 3)
April 2, 2024 IA SF 2412 Prohibits Lawsuits Against Pesticide Companies if they are Following E.P.A. Warning Guidelines Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
March 27, 2024 AZ HB 2123 Amends Revised Statutes Regarding Water Measuring Devices Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
March 26, 2024 GA HB 1172 Amends State Laws on Waterway Usage for Boating, Fishing and Hunting Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 18)
March 20, 2024 VT S 213 Establishes the Flood Safety Act to Regulate River Corridors Across Vermont Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 4)
March 19, 2024 NY S 2016 Establishes the Home Energy Affordability Transition (HEAT) Act Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 23)
March 8, 2024 WY SF 42 Establishes a Low-Carbon Reliable Energy Standards Amendment Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (18 - 12)
March 7, 2024 OR HB 4080 Requires Individuals Involved in Offshore Wind Energy Projects Meet Certain Labor and Supply Chain Standards Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 11)
March 6, 2024 OR HB 4132 Requires the State Department of Fish and Wildlife, the State Fish and Wildlife Commission and the Department of State Lands to Implement the Ocean Policy Advisory Council Recommendations Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 3)
March 5, 2024 WA SB 6058 Amends State Carbon Markets to Align with the California-Quebec Carbon Market Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 19)
March 5, 2024 OR HB 4083 Prohibits the State Treasurer From Investing Funding in Companies that Deal in Thermal Coal Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
March 5, 2024 OR HB 4015 Amends Regulations Governing Energy Storage Systems Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
March 5, 2024 NY S 4270 Establishes a Carbon Tax Credit for Farmers Bill Passed - Senate (61 - 0)
March 4, 2024 OR HB 4102 Appropriates Funding for the Oregon Natural and Working Lands Fund Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 4)
March 4, 2024 VA HB 985 Prohibits Pavement Sealants Containing Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 14)
March 1, 2024 UT HB 297 Limits the Ability of Local Governments to Regulate Beekeeping Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 0)
Feb. 29, 2024 National S J Res 38 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Highway Administration relating to "Waiver of Buy America Requirements for Electric Vehicle Chargers". Veto Override Failed - Senate (50 - 47)
Feb. 27, 2024 UT HB 48 Amends the Utah Energy Act Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 6)
Feb. 27, 2024 WY SF 80 Amends Solid Waste Management Definitions Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 0)
Feb. 23, 2024 CO SB 24-1091 Prohibits the use of Fire-hardened Building Materials in Residential Real Property Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 7)
Feb. 20, 2024 UT HB 11 Limits the Use of "Nonfunctional" Grass in the Construction of New Government Buildings Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 2)
Feb. 20, 2024 OK SB 1510 Expands Enforcement of the Energy Discrimination Elimination Act of 2022 to Agriculture, Timber, and Mining Companies Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 1)
Feb. 19, 2024 WV HB 5006 Amends Recycling Rules for West Virginia Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
Feb. 15, 2024 FL SB 1638 Establishes Funding for Environmental Resource Management Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
Feb. 14, 2024 UT SB 211 Appropriates Funding for Construction of New State Water Infrastructure Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 1)
Feb. 13, 2024 WA SB 6092 Establishes New Regulations for Greenhouse Gas Emissions Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
Jan. 31, 2024 CO SB 24-005 Prohibits Landscaping Practices for Water Conservations Purposes Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 5)
Jan. 29, 2024 CA SB 768 Repeals Parts of the Environmental Quality Act Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 4)
Jan. 16, 2024 WI SB 791 Establishes Exemptions from Public Utility Regulations for Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 2)
Nov. 14, 2023 WI SB 312 Appropriates Funding for Grants to Local Governments and Landowners to Address PFAS Contamination Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 11)
Nov. 8, 2023 MI SB 273 Increases Energy-Efficiency Improvement Requirements of State Utilities from 1% to 1.5% Per Year Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 15)
Nov. 8, 2023 MI SB 271 Requires Consumers Energy and DTE Energy to Reach 80% Carbon-Free Electricity by 2035 and 100% by 2040 Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 17)
Nov. 8, 2023 MI HB 5120 Authorizes the Michigan Public Service Commission Power Over Clean-Energy Projects Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
Nov. 8, 2023 National S J Res 38 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Highway Administration relating to "Waiver of Buy America Requirements for Electric Vehicle Chargers". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 48)
Nov. 1, 2023 MI HB 4852 Establishes Manoomin (Wild Rice) as the Official Native Grain of Michigan Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
Oct. 26, 2023 MI SB 502 Requires the Utilities Efficiency Program To Be Equitable, Reliable, and Affordable Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
Oct. 17, 2023 WI SB 139 Establishes a Statewide Wolf Population Goal Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 10)
Oct. 5, 2023 MI SB 441 Amends Reporting Requirements for the Commercial Fishing Industry Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 16)
Sept. 28, 2023 National S J Res 24 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service relating to "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Endangered Species Status for Northern Long-Eared Bat". Veto Override Failed - Senate (47 - 45)
Sept. 20, 2023 PA HB 797 Requires the Department of Transportation Plant Vegetation Native to Pennsylvania Bill Passed - Senate (45 - 2)
Sept. 14, 2023 CA AB 1373 Appropriates Funding for Various State Clean Energy Programs Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 10)
Sept. 13, 2023 CA SB 261 Requires Large Companies Doing Business in California Disclose Their Climate Risk Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 8)
Sept. 13, 2023 CA AB 1167 Prohibits Oil Well Owners from Transferring Ownership to Another Unless They File for a Bond Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 11)
Sept. 13, 2023 CA AB 1633 Requires Local Government Review of State Environmental Policies Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 3)
Sept. 12, 2023 CA SB 253 Requires Large Companies Doing Business in California Disclose Their Carbon Emissions Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (27 - 8)
July 5, 2023 CA SB 147 Amends the Fish and Game Code to Protect Certain Species Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 5)
June 23, 2023 OR HB 2929 Authorizes the Water Resources Department to Seek Injunctive Relief Against Violators or Attempted Violators of State Water Laws Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 7)
June 22, 2023 ME LD 1986 Establishes the Net Energy Billing and Distributed Solar and Energy Storage Systems "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (20 - 13)
June 21, 2023 National S J Res 11 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Control of Air Pollution From New Motor Vehicles: Heavy-Duty Engine and Vehicle Standards". Veto Override Failed - Senate (50 - 50)
June 9, 2023 NY S 6218 Authorizes the Connection of Offshore Wind Farms to the State Power Grid on Long Island Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 21)
Date No. Title Outcome
4/02 S 259 Establishes the Climate Superfund Cost Recovery Program Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 3)
4/02 SF 2412 Prohibits Lawsuits Against Pesticide Companies if they are Following E.P.A. Warning Guidelines Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
3/27 HB 2123 Amends Revised Statutes Regarding Water Measuring Devices Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
3/26 HB 1172 Amends State Laws on Waterway Usage for Boating, Fishing and Hunting Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 18)
3/20 S 213 Establishes the Flood Safety Act to Regulate River Corridors Across Vermont Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 4)
3/19 S 2016 Establishes the Home Energy Affordability Transition (HEAT) Act Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 23)
3/08 SF 42 Establishes a Low-Carbon Reliable Energy Standards Amendment Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (18 - 12)
3/07 HB 4080 Requires Individuals Involved in Offshore Wind Energy Projects Meet Certain Labor and Supply Chain Standards Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 11)
3/06 HB 4132 Requires the State Department of Fish and Wildlife, the State Fish and Wildlife Commission and the Department of State Lands to Implement the Ocean Policy Advisory Council Recommendations Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 3)
3/05 SB 6058 Amends State Carbon Markets to Align with the California-Quebec Carbon Market Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 19)
3/05 HB 4083 Prohibits the State Treasurer From Investing Funding in Companies that Deal in Thermal Coal Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
3/05 HB 4015 Amends Regulations Governing Energy Storage Systems Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
3/05 S 4270 Establishes a Carbon Tax Credit for Farmers Bill Passed - Senate (61 - 0)
3/04 HB 4102 Appropriates Funding for the Oregon Natural and Working Lands Fund Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 4)
3/04 HB 985 Prohibits Pavement Sealants Containing Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 14)
3/01 HB 297 Limits the Ability of Local Governments to Regulate Beekeeping Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 0)
2/29 S J Res 38 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Highway Administration relating to "Waiver of Buy America Requirements for Electric Vehicle Chargers". Veto Override Failed - Senate (50 - 47)
2/27 HB 48 Amends the Utah Energy Act Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 6)
2/27 SF 80 Amends Solid Waste Management Definitions Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 0)
2/23 SB 24-1091 Prohibits the use of Fire-hardened Building Materials in Residential Real Property Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 7)
2/20 HB 11 Limits the Use of "Nonfunctional" Grass in the Construction of New Government Buildings Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 2)
2/20 SB 1510 Expands Enforcement of the Energy Discrimination Elimination Act of 2022 to Agriculture, Timber, and Mining Companies Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 1)
2/19 HB 5006 Amends Recycling Rules for West Virginia Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
2/15 SB 1638 Establishes Funding for Environmental Resource Management Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
2/14 SB 211 Appropriates Funding for Construction of New State Water Infrastructure Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 1)
2/13 SB 6092 Establishes New Regulations for Greenhouse Gas Emissions Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
1/31 SB 24-005 Prohibits Landscaping Practices for Water Conservations Purposes Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 5)
1/29 SB 768 Repeals Parts of the Environmental Quality Act Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 4)
1/16 SB 791 Establishes Exemptions from Public Utility Regulations for Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 2)
11/14 SB 312 Appropriates Funding for Grants to Local Governments and Landowners to Address PFAS Contamination Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 11)
11/08 SB 273 Increases Energy-Efficiency Improvement Requirements of State Utilities from 1% to 1.5% Per Year Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 15)
11/08 SB 271 Requires Consumers Energy and DTE Energy to Reach 80% Carbon-Free Electricity by 2035 and 100% by 2040 Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 17)
11/08 HB 5120 Authorizes the Michigan Public Service Commission Power Over Clean-Energy Projects Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
11/08 S J Res 38 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Highway Administration relating to "Waiver of Buy America Requirements for Electric Vehicle Chargers". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 48)
11/01 HB 4852 Establishes Manoomin (Wild Rice) as the Official Native Grain of Michigan Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
10/26 SB 502 Requires the Utilities Efficiency Program To Be Equitable, Reliable, and Affordable Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
10/17 SB 139 Establishes a Statewide Wolf Population Goal Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 10)
10/05 SB 441 Amends Reporting Requirements for the Commercial Fishing Industry Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 16)
9/28 S J Res 24 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service relating to "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Endangered Species Status for Northern Long-Eared Bat". Veto Override Failed - Senate (47 - 45)
9/20 HB 797 Requires the Department of Transportation Plant Vegetation Native to Pennsylvania Bill Passed - Senate (45 - 2)
9/14 AB 1373 Appropriates Funding for Various State Clean Energy Programs Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 10)
9/13 SB 261 Requires Large Companies Doing Business in California Disclose Their Climate Risk Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 8)
9/13 AB 1167 Prohibits Oil Well Owners from Transferring Ownership to Another Unless They File for a Bond Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 11)
9/13 AB 1633 Requires Local Government Review of State Environmental Policies Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 3)
9/12 SB 253 Requires Large Companies Doing Business in California Disclose Their Carbon Emissions Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (27 - 8)
7/05 SB 147 Amends the Fish and Game Code to Protect Certain Species Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 5)
6/23 HB 2929 Authorizes the Water Resources Department to Seek Injunctive Relief Against Violators or Attempted Violators of State Water Laws Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 7)
6/22 LD 1986 Establishes the Net Energy Billing and Distributed Solar and Energy Storage Systems "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (20 - 13)
6/21 S J Res 11 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Control of Air Pollution From New Motor Vehicles: Heavy-Duty Engine and Vehicle Standards". Veto Override Failed - Senate (50 - 50)
6/09 S 6218 Authorizes the Connection of Offshore Wind Farms to the State Power Grid on Long Island Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 21)
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