Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
June 18, 2025 DE HB 164 Authorizes Fines and Fee Increases for the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) and the Department of Transportation (DelDOT). Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 4)
June 13, 2025 ME LD 1868 Authorizes the Maine the Public Utilities Commission to Coordinate with Other States in the Procurement of Transmission Capacity Resources and Specified Energy Credits "Ought to Pass as Amended" Report Adopted - Senate (19 - 16)
June 12, 2025 NY S 8421 Amends Various Laws Relating to Consumer Utilities in New York Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 23)
June 10, 2025 DE SB 159 Authorizes Renewable Energy Substations in Industrial Zones Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 5)
June 10, 2025 NY S 8012 Amends the Valuation of Renewable Energy in New York Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 15)
June 4, 2025 CT HB 5004 Establishes a New Goal of Net-Zero Greenhouse Gas Emissions Statewide by 2050 Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 10)
June 4, 2025 CA SB 500 Authorizes Utilities to Provide Energy Use Data Via an Approved Alternative System or Tool Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 10)
June 4, 2025 CA SB 254 Establishes the Policy-Oriented and Wildfire Electric Reimbursement (POWER) Program Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 10)
June 2, 2025 ME LD 186 Authorizes the Maine Public Utilities Commission to Establish Time-of-Use Pricing for Standard-Offer Service "Ought to Pass as Amended" Report Adopted - Senate (20 - 14)
June 2, 2025 CT SB 4 Authorizes Bonds to Pay for Public Benefits Charges Currently Included on Customers' Electric Bills Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 1)
May 28, 2025 OK HB 2752 Prohibits Renewable Energy Companies from Using Eminent Domain in Oklahoma Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (45 - 2)
May 22, 2025 National H J Res 87 Providing congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Motor Vehicle and Engine Pollution Control Standards; Heavy-Duty Vehicle and Engine Emission Warranty and Maintenance Provisions; Advanced Clean Trucks; Zero Emission Airport Shuttle; Zero-Emission Power Train Certification; Waiver of Preemption; Notice of Decision". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (51 - 45)
May 22, 2025 National H J Res 87 Providing congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Motor Vehicle and Engine Pollution Control Standards; Heavy-Duty Vehicle and Engine Emission Warranty and Maintenance Provisions; Advanced Clean Trucks; Zero Emission Airport Shuttle; Zero-Emission Power Train Certification; Waiver of Preemption; Notice of Decision". Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 46)
May 22, 2025 NV AB 96 Requires Municipalities to Include a Heat Mitigation Plan in Their Master Plans Bill Passed - Senate (14 - 7)
May 15, 2025 WI SB 125 Requires the Public Service Commission to Conduct a Study to Determine Potential Sites for a Nuclear Power Plant Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 5)
May 13, 2025 National PN 13-4 Nomination of James Danly to be Deputy Secretary of Energy Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 44)
May 13, 2025 OR HB 3863 Requires the Public Utility Commission to set a Cap at No Less than 10 Megawatts for the Use of Standard Avoided Cost Rates Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 8)
May 13, 2025 National PN 13-4 Nomination of James Danly to be Deputy Secretary of Energy Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 45)
May 7, 2025 SC H 3309 Authorizes Santee Cooper and Dominion Energy to Enter Into an Agreement to Build a Gas Powerplant Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (35 - 11)
May 7, 2025 OK HB 2157 Establishes the Oklahoma Agrivoltaics Act Bill Failed - Senate (21 - 22)
May 2, 2025 ND HB 1459 Authorizes Certain Rare Earth Mineral Development Conference Report Adopted - Senate (27 - 19)
May 1, 2025 National H J Res 75 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Commercial Refrigerators, Freezers, and Refrigerator- Freezers". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 45)
May 1, 2025 National S J Res 31 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Review of Final Rule Reclassification of Major Sources as Area Sources Under Section 112 of the Clean Air Act". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 46)
May 1, 2025 NE LB 317 Amends and Merges the Department of Natural Resources with the Department of Environment and Energy Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 12)
April 30, 2025 HI SB 897 Authorizes the Public Utilities Commission to Set a Liability Cap for Hawaiian Electric Company in the Event of Another Catastrophic Wildfire Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (20 - 5)
Date No. Title Outcome
6/18 HB 164 Authorizes Fines and Fee Increases for the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) and the Department of Transportation (DelDOT). Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 4)
6/13 LD 1868 Authorizes the Maine the Public Utilities Commission to Coordinate with Other States in the Procurement of Transmission Capacity Resources and Specified Energy Credits "Ought to Pass as Amended" Report Adopted - Senate (19 - 16)
6/12 S 8421 Amends Various Laws Relating to Consumer Utilities in New York Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 23)
6/10 SB 159 Authorizes Renewable Energy Substations in Industrial Zones Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 5)
6/10 S 8012 Amends the Valuation of Renewable Energy in New York Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 15)
6/04 HB 5004 Establishes a New Goal of Net-Zero Greenhouse Gas Emissions Statewide by 2050 Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 10)
6/04 SB 500 Authorizes Utilities to Provide Energy Use Data Via an Approved Alternative System or Tool Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 10)
6/04 SB 254 Establishes the Policy-Oriented and Wildfire Electric Reimbursement (POWER) Program Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 10)
6/02 LD 186 Authorizes the Maine Public Utilities Commission to Establish Time-of-Use Pricing for Standard-Offer Service "Ought to Pass as Amended" Report Adopted - Senate (20 - 14)
6/02 SB 4 Authorizes Bonds to Pay for Public Benefits Charges Currently Included on Customers' Electric Bills Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 1)
5/28 HB 2752 Prohibits Renewable Energy Companies from Using Eminent Domain in Oklahoma Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (45 - 2)
5/22 H J Res 87 Providing congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Motor Vehicle and Engine Pollution Control Standards; Heavy-Duty Vehicle and Engine Emission Warranty and Maintenance Provisions; Advanced Clean Trucks; Zero Emission Airport Shuttle; Zero-Emission Power Train Certification; Waiver of Preemption; Notice of Decision". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (51 - 45)
5/22 H J Res 87 Providing congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Motor Vehicle and Engine Pollution Control Standards; Heavy-Duty Vehicle and Engine Emission Warranty and Maintenance Provisions; Advanced Clean Trucks; Zero Emission Airport Shuttle; Zero-Emission Power Train Certification; Waiver of Preemption; Notice of Decision". Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 46)
5/22 AB 96 Requires Municipalities to Include a Heat Mitigation Plan in Their Master Plans Bill Passed - Senate (14 - 7)
5/15 SB 125 Requires the Public Service Commission to Conduct a Study to Determine Potential Sites for a Nuclear Power Plant Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 5)
5/13 PN 13-4 Nomination of James Danly to be Deputy Secretary of Energy Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 44)
5/13 HB 3863 Requires the Public Utility Commission to set a Cap at No Less than 10 Megawatts for the Use of Standard Avoided Cost Rates Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 8)
5/13 PN 13-4 Nomination of James Danly to be Deputy Secretary of Energy Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 45)
5/07 H 3309 Authorizes Santee Cooper and Dominion Energy to Enter Into an Agreement to Build a Gas Powerplant Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (35 - 11)
5/07 HB 2157 Establishes the Oklahoma Agrivoltaics Act Bill Failed - Senate (21 - 22)
5/02 HB 1459 Authorizes Certain Rare Earth Mineral Development Conference Report Adopted - Senate (27 - 19)
5/01 H J Res 75 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Commercial Refrigerators, Freezers, and Refrigerator- Freezers". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 45)
5/01 S J Res 31 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Review of Final Rule Reclassification of Major Sources as Area Sources Under Section 112 of the Clean Air Act". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 46)
5/01 LB 317 Amends and Merges the Department of Natural Resources with the Department of Environment and Energy Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 12)
4/30 SB 897 Authorizes the Public Utilities Commission to Set a Liability Cap for Hawaiian Electric Company in the Event of Another Catastrophic Wildfire Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (20 - 5)

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