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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Feb. 13, 2025 MT HB 285 Amends the Montana Environmental Policy Act Bill Passed - House (57 - 42)
Feb. 12, 2025 VA HB 2037 Authorizes Local Ordinances that Require Solar Installment of Certain Property Owners Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
Feb. 12, 2025 SC H 3309 Authorizes Santee Cooper and Dominion Energy to Enter Into an Agreement to Build a Gas Powerplant Bill Passed - House (94 - 11)
Feb. 11, 2025 ND HB 1459 Authorizes Certain Rare Earth Mineral Development Bill Passed - House (85 - 2)
Feb. 7, 2025 National HR 26 Protecting American Energy Production Act Bill Passed - House (226 - 188)
Feb. 4, 2025 VA HB 1791 Authorizes Installing Electric Vehicle Chargers in Certain Rural Areas Bill Passed - House (56 - 41)
Jan. 30, 2025 National PN 11-15 Nomination of Christopher Wright to be Secretary of Energy Nomination Confirmed - Senate (59 - 38)
Jan. 30, 2025 National PN 11-15 Nomination of Christopher Wright to be Secretary of Energy Cloture Invoked - Senate (62 - 35)
Jan. 30, 2025 ND HB 1258 Amends the Authority for Large Energy Developments Bill Passed - House (86 - 7)
Jan. 27, 2025 SD HB 1052 Prohibits the Use of Eminent Domain for Carbon Dioxide Pipelines Bill Passed - House (49 - 19)
Jan. 23, 2025 VA HB 1601 Requires Sound Profiling and Reports Regarding Electrical Information Infrastructure from Data Center Applicants and Utilities in Virginia Bill Passed - House (57 - 40)
Jan. 22, 2025 NY S 824 Establishes a New Climate Change Adaptation Fund to Collect Payment From Certain Fossil Fuel Entities Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 24)
Jan. 15, 2025 ND HB 1065 Amends Operation Prairie Dog Which Appropriates $250 Million in Oil and Gas Tax Revenue to Townships in Non-Oil-Producing Counties Bill Passed - House (90 - 3)
Jan. 15, 2025 National HR 164 Promoting Opportunities to Widen Electrical Resilience (POWER) Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (419 - 2)
Jan. 7, 2025 IL HB 587 Increases Renewable Energy State Storage Requirements Concurrence Vote Passed - House (74 - 39)
Jan. 6, 2025 IL HB 587 Increases Renewable Energy State Storage Requirements Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 16)
Dec. 18, 2024 National S 4367 Thomas R. Carper Water Resources Development Act of 2024 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (97 - 1)
Dec. 12, 2024 National PN 1980 Nomination of Matthew James Marzano, of Illinois, to be a Member of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission for the term of five years expiring June 30, 2028 Nomination Confirmed - Senate (50 - 45)
Dec. 11, 2024 OH HB 308 Amends the Definition of Nuclear Energy to be Reclassified as Green Energy Concurrence Vote Passed - House (65 - 26)
Dec. 11, 2024 OH HB 308 Amends the Definition of Nuclear Energy to be Reclassified as Green Energy Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 6)
Dec. 10, 2024 National S 4367 Thomas R. Carper Water Resources Development Act of 2024 Bill Passed - House (399 - 18)
Dec. 10, 2024 National HR 7673 Liberty in Laundry Act Bill Passed - House (215 - 200)
Nov. 19, 2024 National HR 1449 Committing Leases for Energy Access Now (CLEAN) Act Bill Passed - House (244 - 171)
Nov. 14, 2024 National HR 7409 Harnessing Energy At Thermal Sources (HEATS) Act Bill Passed - House (225 - 181)
Nov. 14, 2024 National HR 7409 Harnessing Energy At Thermal Sources (HEATS) Act Bill Passed - House (225 - 181)
Nov. 14, 2024 National HR 8446 Critical Mineral Consistency Act of 2024 Bill Passed - House (245 - 155)
Oct. 14, 2024 CA AB 1 Amends Turnaround and Maintenance Costs Related to Transportation Fuels and Inventories Concurrence Vote Passed - House (42 - 16)
Oct. 11, 2024 CA AB 1 Amends Turnaround and Maintenance Costs Related to Transportation Fuels and Inventories Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 9)
Sept. 26, 2024 MI SB 366 Increases Natural Gas Safety Violation Fines to be in Line with Federal Amounts Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 7)
Sept. 26, 2024 MI SB 366 Increases Natural Gas Safety Violation Fines to be in Line with Federal Amounts Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 7)
Sept. 24, 2024 National HR 7073 Next Generation Pipelines Research and Development Act Bill Passed - House (373 - 41)
Sept. 24, 2024 National HR 7073 Next Generation Pipelines Research and Development Act Bill Passed - House (373 - 41)
Aug. 30, 2024 CA SB 1374 Amends Solar Energy Tax Credits Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
Aug. 29, 2024 CA SB 1374 Amends Solar Energy Tax Credits Bill Passed - House (48 - 9)
Aug. 20, 2024 CA AB 1827 Establishes the Low-Water User Protection Act Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 9)
July 22, 2024 National HR 8812 Water Resources Development Act of 2024 Bill Passed - House (359 - 13)
July 17, 2024 MA S 2838 Authorizes and Streamlines State Clean Energy Infrastructure Construction Bill Passed - House (131 - 25)
July 11, 2024 PA SB 656 Amends and Restructures Taxes for Electric Vehicles Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (44 - 5)
July 11, 2024 PA HB 1889 Amends and Reforms Electronic Billing Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
July 10, 2024 PA SB 656 Amends and Restructures Taxes for Electric Vehicles Bill Passed - House (190 - 12)
July 9, 2024 National HR 7637 Refrigerator Freedom Act Bill Passed - House (212 - 192)
July 9, 2024 National HR 7700 Stop Unaffordable Dishwasher Standards Act Bill Passed - House (214 - 192)
June 27, 2024 MI SB 366 Increases Natural Gas Safety Violation Fines to be in Line with Federal Amounts Bill Passed - House (89 - 21)
June 27, 2024 MI SB 366 Increases Natural Gas Safety Violation Fines to be in Line with Federal Amounts Bill Passed - House (89 - 21)
June 26, 2024 MI SB 571 Expands The Prevailing Wage Law to Cover the Construction of Clean Energy Facilities Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
June 26, 2024 NC HB 385 Establishes Regulations For Matters Relating To Energy And Environment Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
June 26, 2024 MI SB 571 Expands The Prevailing Wage Law to Cover the Construction of Clean Energy Facilities Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
June 26, 2024 OH HB 79 Amends Energy Efficiency Standards Bill Passed - House (50 - 46)
June 26, 2024 OH HB 308 Amends the Definition of Nuclear Energy to be Reclassified as Green Energy Bill Passed - House (87 - 10)
June 25, 2024 MA S 2829 Expands the Use of Renewable Energy Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 2)
Date No. Title Outcome
2/13 HB 285 Amends the Montana Environmental Policy Act Bill Passed - House (57 - 42)
2/12 HB 2037 Authorizes Local Ordinances that Require Solar Installment of Certain Property Owners Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 18)
2/12 H 3309 Authorizes Santee Cooper and Dominion Energy to Enter Into an Agreement to Build a Gas Powerplant Bill Passed - House (94 - 11)
2/11 HB 1459 Authorizes Certain Rare Earth Mineral Development Bill Passed - House (85 - 2)
2/07 HR 26 Protecting American Energy Production Act Bill Passed - House (226 - 188)
2/04 HB 1791 Authorizes Installing Electric Vehicle Chargers in Certain Rural Areas Bill Passed - House (56 - 41)
1/30 PN 11-15 Nomination of Christopher Wright to be Secretary of Energy Nomination Confirmed - Senate (59 - 38)
1/30 PN 11-15 Nomination of Christopher Wright to be Secretary of Energy Cloture Invoked - Senate (62 - 35)
1/30 HB 1258 Amends the Authority for Large Energy Developments Bill Passed - House (86 - 7)
1/27 HB 1052 Prohibits the Use of Eminent Domain for Carbon Dioxide Pipelines Bill Passed - House (49 - 19)
1/23 HB 1601 Requires Sound Profiling and Reports Regarding Electrical Information Infrastructure from Data Center Applicants and Utilities in Virginia Bill Passed - House (57 - 40)
1/22 S 824 Establishes a New Climate Change Adaptation Fund to Collect Payment From Certain Fossil Fuel Entities Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 24)
1/15 HB 1065 Amends Operation Prairie Dog Which Appropriates $250 Million in Oil and Gas Tax Revenue to Townships in Non-Oil-Producing Counties Bill Passed - House (90 - 3)
1/15 HR 164 Promoting Opportunities to Widen Electrical Resilience (POWER) Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (419 - 2)
1/07 HB 587 Increases Renewable Energy State Storage Requirements Concurrence Vote Passed - House (74 - 39)
1/06 HB 587 Increases Renewable Energy State Storage Requirements Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 16)
12/18 S 4367 Thomas R. Carper Water Resources Development Act of 2024 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (97 - 1)
12/12 PN 1980 Nomination of Matthew James Marzano, of Illinois, to be a Member of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission for the term of five years expiring June 30, 2028 Nomination Confirmed - Senate (50 - 45)
12/11 HB 308 Amends the Definition of Nuclear Energy to be Reclassified as Green Energy Concurrence Vote Passed - House (65 - 26)
12/11 HB 308 Amends the Definition of Nuclear Energy to be Reclassified as Green Energy Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 6)
12/10 S 4367 Thomas R. Carper Water Resources Development Act of 2024 Bill Passed - House (399 - 18)
12/10 HR 7673 Liberty in Laundry Act Bill Passed - House (215 - 200)
11/19 HR 1449 Committing Leases for Energy Access Now (CLEAN) Act Bill Passed - House (244 - 171)
11/14 HR 7409 Harnessing Energy At Thermal Sources (HEATS) Act Bill Passed - House (225 - 181)
11/14 HR 7409 Harnessing Energy At Thermal Sources (HEATS) Act Bill Passed - House (225 - 181)
11/14 HR 8446 Critical Mineral Consistency Act of 2024 Bill Passed - House (245 - 155)
10/14 AB 1 Amends Turnaround and Maintenance Costs Related to Transportation Fuels and Inventories Concurrence Vote Passed - House (42 - 16)
10/11 AB 1 Amends Turnaround and Maintenance Costs Related to Transportation Fuels and Inventories Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 9)
9/26 SB 366 Increases Natural Gas Safety Violation Fines to be in Line with Federal Amounts Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 7)
9/26 SB 366 Increases Natural Gas Safety Violation Fines to be in Line with Federal Amounts Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (30 - 7)
9/24 HR 7073 Next Generation Pipelines Research and Development Act Bill Passed - House (373 - 41)
9/24 HR 7073 Next Generation Pipelines Research and Development Act Bill Passed - House (373 - 41)
8/30 SB 1374 Amends Solar Energy Tax Credits Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
8/29 SB 1374 Amends Solar Energy Tax Credits Bill Passed - House (48 - 9)
8/20 AB 1827 Establishes the Low-Water User Protection Act Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 9)
7/22 HR 8812 Water Resources Development Act of 2024 Bill Passed - House (359 - 13)
7/17 S 2838 Authorizes and Streamlines State Clean Energy Infrastructure Construction Bill Passed - House (131 - 25)
7/11 SB 656 Amends and Restructures Taxes for Electric Vehicles Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (44 - 5)
7/11 HB 1889 Amends and Reforms Electronic Billing Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
7/10 SB 656 Amends and Restructures Taxes for Electric Vehicles Bill Passed - House (190 - 12)
7/09 HR 7637 Refrigerator Freedom Act Bill Passed - House (212 - 192)
7/09 HR 7700 Stop Unaffordable Dishwasher Standards Act Bill Passed - House (214 - 192)
6/27 SB 366 Increases Natural Gas Safety Violation Fines to be in Line with Federal Amounts Bill Passed - House (89 - 21)
6/27 SB 366 Increases Natural Gas Safety Violation Fines to be in Line with Federal Amounts Bill Passed - House (89 - 21)
6/26 SB 571 Expands The Prevailing Wage Law to Cover the Construction of Clean Energy Facilities Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
6/26 HB 385 Establishes Regulations For Matters Relating To Energy And Environment Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
6/26 SB 571 Expands The Prevailing Wage Law to Cover the Construction of Clean Energy Facilities Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
6/26 HB 79 Amends Energy Efficiency Standards Bill Passed - House (50 - 46)
6/26 HB 308 Amends the Definition of Nuclear Energy to be Reclassified as Green Energy Bill Passed - House (87 - 10)
6/25 S 2829 Expands the Use of Renewable Energy Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 2)
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