Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
June 9, 2025 LA SB 100 Requires State Agencies to Track and Report the Services Received by Undocumented Immigrants to Determine the Amount of Tax Dollars Spent on Them Bill Passed - House (74 - 27)
June 9, 2025 MN SF 17 Appropriates Funding for Minnesota's FY 2026-2027 Budget and Establishes Policies Relating to Labor and Economic Development Bill Passed - House (96 - 37)
June 9, 2025 LA HB 300 Increases the Income Limit to Qualify for the Property Tax Special Assessment Program Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 2)
June 9, 2025 MO SB 3 (Special Session) Establishes the Regulation and Tax Credit Provisions for Sports and Entertainment Facility Projects Bill Passed - House (90 - 58)
June 9, 2025 National PN 13-6 Nomination of David Fotouhi to be Deputy Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 43)
June 9, 2025 MN SF 17 Appropriates Funding for Minnesota's FY 2026-2027 Budget and Establishes Policies Relating to Labor and Economic Development Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 27)
June 9, 2025 National H Res 481 Condemning the rise in ideologically motivated attacks on Jewish individuals in the United States, including the recent violent assault in Boulder, Colorado, and reaffirming the House of Representatives commitment to combatting antisemitism and politically motivated violence Resolution Passed - House (400 - 0)
June 9, 2025 PA HB 846 Amends Pennsylvania's Prevailing Wage Act and Establishes Wage Requirements for Workers of Public Works Projects. Bill Passed - House (126 - 76)
June 9, 2025 PA SB 511 Establishes July 27 as Korean War Veterans Armistice Day Bill Passed - Senate (50 - 0)
June 9, 2025 National H Res 488 Denouncing the antisemitic terrorist attack in Boulder, Colorado Resolution Passed - House (280 - 113)
June 9, 2025 MN HF 1 Repeals MinnesotaCare Eligibility for Undocumented Immigrants Age 18 or Older Bill Passed - House (68 - 65)
June 5, 2025 National PN 12-33 Nomination of James O'Neill to be Deputy Secretary of Health and Human Services Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 43)
June 5, 2025 National PN 26-43 Nomination of Brett Shumate to be an Assistant Attorney General Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 41)
June 5, 2025 National PN 26-16 Nomination of John Andrew Eisenberg to be an Assistant Attorney General Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 43)
June 5, 2025 National PN 26-16 Nomination of John Andrew Eisenberg to be an Assistant Attorney General Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 43)
June 5, 2025 National PN 26-43 Nomination of Brett Shumate to be an Assistant Attorney General Cloture Invoked - Senate (49 - 40)
June 5, 2025 MO SB 3 (Special Session) Establishes the Regulation and Tax Credit Provisions for Sports and Entertainment Facility Projects Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 13)
June 5, 2025 National HR 2931 Save SBA from Sanctuary Cities Act Bill Passed - House (211 - 199)
June 4, 2025 National PN 55-9 Nomination of Michelle Bowman to be Vice Chairman for Supervision of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System Nomination Confirmed - Senate (48 - 46)
June 4, 2025 National PN 55-47 Nomination of Edward Walsh to be Ambassador to Ireland Nomination Confirmed - Senate (57 - 38)
June 4, 2025 NC SB 153 Requires State Police to Cooperate with Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and Authorizes Individuals to Sue Local Governments for Crimes Committed by Undocumented Immigrants Bill Passed - House (60 - 46)
June 4, 2025 CT SB 1396 Authorizes Workers to Collect Earned but Unpaid Wage or Salary Income in the Form of Advances Bill Passed - House (101 - 46)
June 4, 2025 CT SB 1358 Restructures the Compensation of Nonprofit Employees in Connecticut to Match Inflation Bill Passed - House (139 - 9)
June 4, 2025 CT SB 1396 Authorizes Workers to Collect Earned but Unpaid Wage or Salary Income in the Form of Advances Bill Passed - House (101 - 46)
June 4, 2025 National PN 12-33 Nomination of James O'Neill to be Deputy Secretary of Health and Human Services Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 46)
June 4, 2025 National PN 55-9 Nomination of Michelle Bowman to be Vice Chairman for Supervision of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 46)
June 4, 2025 National PN 55-47 Nomination of Edward Walsh to be Ambassador to Ireland Cloture Invoked - Senate (60 - 37)
June 4, 2025 CA SB 500 Authorizes Utilities to Provide Energy Use Data Via an Approved Alternative System or Tool Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 10)
June 3, 2025 LA SB 59 Increases Economic Oversight of Legislative Actions in Louisiana Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
June 3, 2025 National PN 25-19 Nomination of Allison Hooker to be an Under Secretary of State (Political Affairs) Nomination Confirmed - Senate (59 - 36)
June 3, 2025 National PN 22-16 Nomination of Dale Marks to be an Assistant Secretary of Defense Nomination Confirmed - Senate (72 - 26)
June 3, 2025 National PN 17 Nomination of Michael Duffey to be Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 46)
June 3, 2025 OR SB 952 Requires the Governor to Appoint a United States Senator When a Vacancy in the Office Occurs Bill Passed - House (31 - 24)
June 3, 2025 OR SB 952 Requires the Governor to Appoint a United States Senator When a Vacancy in the Office Occurs Bill Passed - House (31 - 24)
June 3, 2025 National PN 25-19 Nomination of Allison Hooker to be an Under Secretary of State (Political Affairs) Cloture Invoked - Senate (59 - 37)
June 3, 2025 National PN 22-16 Nomination of Dale Marks to be an Assistant Secretary of Defense Cloture Invoked - Senate (66 - 28)
June 3, 2025 CA AB 476 Requires Junk Dealers and Recyclers to Include Additional Written Information Relating the Sale and Purchase of Junk Bill Passed - House (79 - 0)
June 2, 2025 NJ A 4544 Expands Eligibility Requirements of State's Child Care Assistance Program to Include Full-Time Graduate and Post-Graduate Students Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
June 2, 2025 NV AB 540 Amends Various Laws Relating to Affordable Housing in Nevada Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 6)
June 2, 2025 NV SB 182 Requires Hospitals to Establish Staffing Committees and Report Staffing Information Bill Passed - House (27 - 15)
June 2, 2025 NV AB 388 Expands Access and Length of Paid Family Leave for Public and Private Employees Bill Passed - Senate (11 - 9)
June 2, 2025 National PN 17 Nomination of Michael Duffey to be Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 45)
June 2, 2025 CA SB 323 Requires an Amendment to the California Dream Act Application That Clarifies That it May Be Used by Any Student Eligible for State Financial Aid Programs Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 1)
June 2, 2025 CA SB 81 Prohibits Immigration Enforcement from Obtaining Medical Information from Healthcare Providers without a Valid Warrant Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 7)
June 2, 2025 CA SB 98 Requires School Districts and Certain Universities to Notify Students, Faculty, and Other Campus Members When Federal Immigration Enforcement is Present Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 8)
June 2, 2025 CA SB 703 Requires Trucking Companies to Provide Certain Information to Ports Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
June 2, 2025 CA AB 1348 Expands the List of Reasons a School May Request Average Daily Attendance Credits to Include Immigration Enforcement Actions Bill Passed - House (62 - 13)
June 2, 2025 CA AB 325 Prohibits a Person from Using or Distributing a Common Pricing Algorithm to Restrain Trade or Commerce Bill Passed - House (54 - 17)
June 2, 2025 CA SB 497 Prohibits Information Sharing Regarding Individuals Seeking Gender-Affirming Care or With Controlled Substance History Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
June 2, 2025 NV SB 495 Expands Procedures for Health Care Provider Credentialing And Prior Authorization, and Expands the Gold Card Exemption Program Bill Passed - Senate (13 - 8)
Date No. Title Outcome
6/09 SB 100 Requires State Agencies to Track and Report the Services Received by Undocumented Immigrants to Determine the Amount of Tax Dollars Spent on Them Bill Passed - House (74 - 27)
6/09 SF 17 Appropriates Funding for Minnesota's FY 2026-2027 Budget and Establishes Policies Relating to Labor and Economic Development Bill Passed - House (96 - 37)
6/09 HB 300 Increases the Income Limit to Qualify for the Property Tax Special Assessment Program Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 2)
6/09 SB 3 (Special Session) Establishes the Regulation and Tax Credit Provisions for Sports and Entertainment Facility Projects Bill Passed - House (90 - 58)
6/09 PN 13-6 Nomination of David Fotouhi to be Deputy Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency Cloture Invoked - Senate (53 - 43)
6/09 SF 17 Appropriates Funding for Minnesota's FY 2026-2027 Budget and Establishes Policies Relating to Labor and Economic Development Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 27)
6/09 H Res 481 Condemning the rise in ideologically motivated attacks on Jewish individuals in the United States, including the recent violent assault in Boulder, Colorado, and reaffirming the House of Representatives commitment to combatting antisemitism and politically motivated violence Resolution Passed - House (400 - 0)
6/09 HB 846 Amends Pennsylvania's Prevailing Wage Act and Establishes Wage Requirements for Workers of Public Works Projects. Bill Passed - House (126 - 76)
6/09 SB 511 Establishes July 27 as Korean War Veterans Armistice Day Bill Passed - Senate (50 - 0)
6/09 H Res 488 Denouncing the antisemitic terrorist attack in Boulder, Colorado Resolution Passed - House (280 - 113)
6/09 HF 1 Repeals MinnesotaCare Eligibility for Undocumented Immigrants Age 18 or Older Bill Passed - House (68 - 65)
6/05 PN 12-33 Nomination of James O'Neill to be Deputy Secretary of Health and Human Services Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 43)
6/05 PN 26-43 Nomination of Brett Shumate to be an Assistant Attorney General Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 41)
6/05 PN 26-16 Nomination of John Andrew Eisenberg to be an Assistant Attorney General Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 43)
6/05 PN 26-16 Nomination of John Andrew Eisenberg to be an Assistant Attorney General Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 43)
6/05 PN 26-43 Nomination of Brett Shumate to be an Assistant Attorney General Cloture Invoked - Senate (49 - 40)
6/05 SB 3 (Special Session) Establishes the Regulation and Tax Credit Provisions for Sports and Entertainment Facility Projects Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 13)
6/05 HR 2931 Save SBA from Sanctuary Cities Act Bill Passed - House (211 - 199)
6/04 PN 55-9 Nomination of Michelle Bowman to be Vice Chairman for Supervision of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System Nomination Confirmed - Senate (48 - 46)
6/04 PN 55-47 Nomination of Edward Walsh to be Ambassador to Ireland Nomination Confirmed - Senate (57 - 38)
6/04 SB 153 Requires State Police to Cooperate with Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and Authorizes Individuals to Sue Local Governments for Crimes Committed by Undocumented Immigrants Bill Passed - House (60 - 46)
6/04 SB 1396 Authorizes Workers to Collect Earned but Unpaid Wage or Salary Income in the Form of Advances Bill Passed - House (101 - 46)
6/04 SB 1358 Restructures the Compensation of Nonprofit Employees in Connecticut to Match Inflation Bill Passed - House (139 - 9)
6/04 SB 1396 Authorizes Workers to Collect Earned but Unpaid Wage or Salary Income in the Form of Advances Bill Passed - House (101 - 46)
6/04 PN 12-33 Nomination of James O'Neill to be Deputy Secretary of Health and Human Services Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 46)
6/04 PN 55-9 Nomination of Michelle Bowman to be Vice Chairman for Supervision of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 46)
6/04 PN 55-47 Nomination of Edward Walsh to be Ambassador to Ireland Cloture Invoked - Senate (60 - 37)
6/04 SB 500 Authorizes Utilities to Provide Energy Use Data Via an Approved Alternative System or Tool Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 10)
6/03 SB 59 Increases Economic Oversight of Legislative Actions in Louisiana Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (37 - 0)
6/03 PN 25-19 Nomination of Allison Hooker to be an Under Secretary of State (Political Affairs) Nomination Confirmed - Senate (59 - 36)
6/03 PN 22-16 Nomination of Dale Marks to be an Assistant Secretary of Defense Nomination Confirmed - Senate (72 - 26)
6/03 PN 17 Nomination of Michael Duffey to be Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 46)
6/03 SB 952 Requires the Governor to Appoint a United States Senator When a Vacancy in the Office Occurs Bill Passed - House (31 - 24)
6/03 SB 952 Requires the Governor to Appoint a United States Senator When a Vacancy in the Office Occurs Bill Passed - House (31 - 24)
6/03 PN 25-19 Nomination of Allison Hooker to be an Under Secretary of State (Political Affairs) Cloture Invoked - Senate (59 - 37)
6/03 PN 22-16 Nomination of Dale Marks to be an Assistant Secretary of Defense Cloture Invoked - Senate (66 - 28)
6/03 AB 476 Requires Junk Dealers and Recyclers to Include Additional Written Information Relating the Sale and Purchase of Junk Bill Passed - House (79 - 0)
6/02 A 4544 Expands Eligibility Requirements of State's Child Care Assistance Program to Include Full-Time Graduate and Post-Graduate Students Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
6/02 AB 540 Amends Various Laws Relating to Affordable Housing in Nevada Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 6)
6/02 SB 182 Requires Hospitals to Establish Staffing Committees and Report Staffing Information Bill Passed - House (27 - 15)
6/02 AB 388 Expands Access and Length of Paid Family Leave for Public and Private Employees Bill Passed - Senate (11 - 9)
6/02 PN 17 Nomination of Michael Duffey to be Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 45)
6/02 SB 323 Requires an Amendment to the California Dream Act Application That Clarifies That it May Be Used by Any Student Eligible for State Financial Aid Programs Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 1)
6/02 SB 81 Prohibits Immigration Enforcement from Obtaining Medical Information from Healthcare Providers without a Valid Warrant Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 7)
6/02 SB 98 Requires School Districts and Certain Universities to Notify Students, Faculty, and Other Campus Members When Federal Immigration Enforcement is Present Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 8)
6/02 SB 703 Requires Trucking Companies to Provide Certain Information to Ports Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
6/02 AB 1348 Expands the List of Reasons a School May Request Average Daily Attendance Credits to Include Immigration Enforcement Actions Bill Passed - House (62 - 13)
6/02 AB 325 Prohibits a Person from Using or Distributing a Common Pricing Algorithm to Restrain Trade or Commerce Bill Passed - House (54 - 17)
6/02 SB 497 Prohibits Information Sharing Regarding Individuals Seeking Gender-Affirming Care or With Controlled Substance History Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
6/02 SB 495 Expands Procedures for Health Care Provider Credentialing And Prior Authorization, and Expands the Gold Card Exemption Program Bill Passed - Senate (13 - 8)

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