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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Feb. 11, 2026 National HR 261 To amend the National Marine Sanctuaries Act to prohibit the Secretary of Commerce from prohibiting, or requiring any permit or other authorization for, the installation, continued presence, operation, maintenance, repair, or recovery of undersea fiber optic cables in a national marine sanctuary if such activities have been authorized by a Federal or State agency Bill Passed - House (218 - 212)
Feb. 10, 2026 NY S 9072 Requires Companies With Over $1 Billion of Annual Revenue to Disclose Their Emissions Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 22)
Feb. 4, 2026 MI HB 4445 Repeals the Ban on Deer Baiting Bill Passed - House (66 - 38)
Feb. 4, 2026 National HR 4090 Critical Mineral Dominance Act Bill Passed - House (224 - 195)
Feb. 3, 2026 AL SB 71 Prohibits State Entities From Adopting Stricter Environmental Regulations Than the Federal Government Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 7)
Jan. 30, 2026 AK HB 93 Establishes Residency Requirements for Hunting and Fishing Privileges Bill Passed - House (27 - 12)
Jan. 27, 2026 VA HB 341 Requires that Towns Located Within Counties that Have Imposed a Tax on Disposable Plastic Bags Receive a Share of the Revenue Bill Passed - House (67 - 32)
Jan. 27, 2026 WV HB 4002 Establishes the West Virginia Collaboratory to Study State Policy Needs Bill Passed - House (76 - 12)
Jan. 27, 2026 SD HJR 5001 Amends the State Constitution to Restrict Eminent Domain Use Bill Passed - House (62 - 5)
Jan. 27, 2026 WV HB 4002 Establishes the West Virginia Collaboratory to Study State Policy Needs Bill Passed - House (76 - 12)
Jan. 22, 2026 WI AB 472 Amends State Law Regarding Nuclear Energy Bill Passed - House (86 - 11)
Jan. 21, 2026 National H J Res 140 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to Public Land Order No. 7917 for Withdrawal of Federal Lands; Cook, Lake, and Saint Louis Counties, MN Bill Passed - House (214 - 208)
Jan. 21, 2026 National H J Res 140 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to Public Land Order No. 7917 for Withdrawal of Federal Lands; Cook, Lake, and Saint Louis Counties, MN Bill Passed - House (214 - 208)
Jan. 20, 2026 WI AB 840 Requires AI Data Centers to Pay for Requested Electric Infrastructure Improvements and Limits Water Consumption Bill Passed - House (53 - 44)
Jan. 20, 2026 WI AB 840 Requires AI Data Centers to Pay for Requested Electric Infrastructure Improvements and Limits Water Consumption Bill Passed - House (53 - 44)
Jan. 15, 2026 National HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - Senate (82 - 15)
Jan. 15, 2026 National HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - Senate (82 - 15)
Jan. 15, 2026 National HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - Senate (82 - 15)
Jan. 15, 2026 National HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Cloture Invoked - Senate (85 - 14)
Jan. 15, 2026 National HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Cloture Invoked - Senate (85 - 14)
Jan. 15, 2026 National HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Cloture Invoked - Senate (85 - 14)
Jan. 13, 2026 National HR 4593 Saving Homeowners from Overregulation With Exceptional Rinsing (SHOWER) Act Bill Passed - House (226 - 197)
Jan. 13, 2026 National HR 4593 Saving Homeowners from Overregulation With Exceptional Rinsing (SHOWER) Act Bill Passed - House (226 - 197)
Jan. 12, 2026 National HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Cloture Invoked - Senate (80 - 13)
Jan. 12, 2026 National HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Cloture Invoked - Senate (80 - 13)
Jan. 12, 2026 National HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Cloture Invoked - Senate (80 - 13)
Jan. 9, 2026 National HR 5184 To authorize the Secretary of Energy to transmit to the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development recommendations for changes to preemptive energy conservation standards applicable to manufactured homes Bill Passed - House (263 - 147)
Jan. 8, 2026 National HR 504 Miccosukee Reserved Area Amendments Act Veto Override Failed - House (236 - 188)
Jan. 8, 2026 National HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - House (397 - 28)
Jan. 8, 2026 National HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - House (397 - 28)
Jan. 8, 2026 National HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - House (397 - 28)
Jan. 7, 2026 National S J Res 86 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Air Plan Approval; South Dakota; Regional Haze Plan for the Second Implementation Period" Motion Rejected - Senate (43 - 50)
Dec. 18, 2025 National HR 4776 Standardizing Permitting and Expediting Economic Development (SPEED) Act Bill Passed - House (221 - 196)
Dec. 18, 2025 National HR 845 Pet and Livestock Protection Act Bill Passed - House (211 - 204)
Dec. 18, 2025 National HR 1366 Mining Regulatory Clarity Act Bill Passed - House (219 - 198)
Dec. 17, 2025 National PN 645-2 Nomination of Douglas Weaver to be a Member of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission Nomination Confirmed - Senate (71 - 29)
Dec. 17, 2025 National PN 645-2 Nomination of Douglas Weaver to be a Member of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission Cloture Invoked - Senate (69 - 27)
Dec. 17, 2025 National HR 3616 Reliable Power Act Bill Passed - House (225 - 203)
Dec. 16, 2025 National HR 3632 Power Plant Reliability Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (222 - 202)
Dec. 15, 2025 National HR 3187 To require the Secretary of Agriculture to convey a parcel of property of the Forest Service to Perry County, Arkansas, and for other purposes Bill Passed - House (388 - 0)
Dec. 12, 2025 National HR 3668 Improving Interagency Coordination for Pipeline Reviews Act Bill Passed - House (213 - 184)
Dec. 11, 2025 National HR 3898 Promoting Efficient Review for Modern Infrastructure Today (PERMIT) Act Bill Passed - House (221 - 205)
Dec. 11, 2025 National HR 3628 State Planning for Reliability and Affordability Act Bill Passed - House (218 - 207)
Dec. 11, 2025 National HR 3638 Electric Supply Chain Act Bill Passed - House (267 - 159)
Dec. 9, 2025 National HR 1676 Make State Wildlife Action Plans (SWAPs) Efficient Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (400 - 0)
Dec. 4, 2025 National H J Res 131 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Coastal Plain Oil and Gas Leasing Program Record of Decision" Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 45)
Nov. 20, 2025 National H J Res 130 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Buffalo Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment" Bill Passed - Senate (51 - 43)
Nov. 20, 2025 National HR 1949 Unlocking our Domestic LNG Potential Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (217 - 188)
Nov. 20, 2025 National HR 3109 Researching Efficient Federal Improvements for Necessary Energy Refining (REFINER) Act Bill Passed - House (230 - 176)
Nov. 19, 2025 National PN 445-6 Nomination of Ho Nieh, of Alabama, to be a Member of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission for the remainder of the term expiring June 30, 2029, vice Christopher T. Hanson (66 - 32)
Date No. Title Outcome
2/11 HR 261 To amend the National Marine Sanctuaries Act to prohibit the Secretary of Commerce from prohibiting, or requiring any permit or other authorization for, the installation, continued presence, operation, maintenance, repair, or recovery of undersea fiber optic cables in a national marine sanctuary if such activities have been authorized by a Federal or State agency Bill Passed - House (218 - 212)
2/10 S 9072 Requires Companies With Over $1 Billion of Annual Revenue to Disclose Their Emissions Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 22)
2/04 HB 4445 Repeals the Ban on Deer Baiting Bill Passed - House (66 - 38)
2/04 HR 4090 Critical Mineral Dominance Act Bill Passed - House (224 - 195)
2/03 SB 71 Prohibits State Entities From Adopting Stricter Environmental Regulations Than the Federal Government Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 7)
1/30 HB 93 Establishes Residency Requirements for Hunting and Fishing Privileges Bill Passed - House (27 - 12)
1/27 HB 341 Requires that Towns Located Within Counties that Have Imposed a Tax on Disposable Plastic Bags Receive a Share of the Revenue Bill Passed - House (67 - 32)
1/27 HB 4002 Establishes the West Virginia Collaboratory to Study State Policy Needs Bill Passed - House (76 - 12)
1/27 HJR 5001 Amends the State Constitution to Restrict Eminent Domain Use Bill Passed - House (62 - 5)
1/27 HB 4002 Establishes the West Virginia Collaboratory to Study State Policy Needs Bill Passed - House (76 - 12)
1/22 AB 472 Amends State Law Regarding Nuclear Energy Bill Passed - House (86 - 11)
1/21 H J Res 140 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to Public Land Order No. 7917 for Withdrawal of Federal Lands; Cook, Lake, and Saint Louis Counties, MN Bill Passed - House (214 - 208)
1/21 H J Res 140 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to Public Land Order No. 7917 for Withdrawal of Federal Lands; Cook, Lake, and Saint Louis Counties, MN Bill Passed - House (214 - 208)
1/20 AB 840 Requires AI Data Centers to Pay for Requested Electric Infrastructure Improvements and Limits Water Consumption Bill Passed - House (53 - 44)
1/20 AB 840 Requires AI Data Centers to Pay for Requested Electric Infrastructure Improvements and Limits Water Consumption Bill Passed - House (53 - 44)
1/15 HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - Senate (82 - 15)
1/15 HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - Senate (82 - 15)
1/15 HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - Senate (82 - 15)
1/15 HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Cloture Invoked - Senate (85 - 14)
1/15 HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Cloture Invoked - Senate (85 - 14)
1/15 HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Cloture Invoked - Senate (85 - 14)
1/13 HR 4593 Saving Homeowners from Overregulation With Exceptional Rinsing (SHOWER) Act Bill Passed - House (226 - 197)
1/13 HR 4593 Saving Homeowners from Overregulation With Exceptional Rinsing (SHOWER) Act Bill Passed - House (226 - 197)
1/12 HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Cloture Invoked - Senate (80 - 13)
1/12 HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Cloture Invoked - Senate (80 - 13)
1/12 HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Cloture Invoked - Senate (80 - 13)
1/09 HR 5184 To authorize the Secretary of Energy to transmit to the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development recommendations for changes to preemptive energy conservation standards applicable to manufactured homes Bill Passed - House (263 - 147)
1/08 HR 504 Miccosukee Reserved Area Amendments Act Veto Override Failed - House (236 - 188)
1/08 HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - House (397 - 28)
1/08 HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - House (397 - 28)
1/08 HR 6938 Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - House (397 - 28)
1/07 S J Res 86 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Air Plan Approval; South Dakota; Regional Haze Plan for the Second Implementation Period" Motion Rejected - Senate (43 - 50)
12/18 HR 4776 Standardizing Permitting and Expediting Economic Development (SPEED) Act Bill Passed - House (221 - 196)
12/18 HR 845 Pet and Livestock Protection Act Bill Passed - House (211 - 204)
12/18 HR 1366 Mining Regulatory Clarity Act Bill Passed - House (219 - 198)
12/17 PN 645-2 Nomination of Douglas Weaver to be a Member of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission Nomination Confirmed - Senate (71 - 29)
12/17 PN 645-2 Nomination of Douglas Weaver to be a Member of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission Cloture Invoked - Senate (69 - 27)
12/17 HR 3616 Reliable Power Act Bill Passed - House (225 - 203)
12/16 HR 3632 Power Plant Reliability Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (222 - 202)
12/15 HR 3187 To require the Secretary of Agriculture to convey a parcel of property of the Forest Service to Perry County, Arkansas, and for other purposes Bill Passed - House (388 - 0)
12/12 HR 3668 Improving Interagency Coordination for Pipeline Reviews Act Bill Passed - House (213 - 184)
12/11 HR 3898 Promoting Efficient Review for Modern Infrastructure Today (PERMIT) Act Bill Passed - House (221 - 205)
12/11 HR 3628 State Planning for Reliability and Affordability Act Bill Passed - House (218 - 207)
12/11 HR 3638 Electric Supply Chain Act Bill Passed - House (267 - 159)
12/09 HR 1676 Make State Wildlife Action Plans (SWAPs) Efficient Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (400 - 0)
12/04 H J Res 131 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Coastal Plain Oil and Gas Leasing Program Record of Decision" Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 45)
11/20 H J Res 130 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Buffalo Field Office Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan Amendment" Bill Passed - Senate (51 - 43)
11/20 HR 1949 Unlocking our Domestic LNG Potential Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (217 - 188)
11/20 HR 3109 Researching Efficient Federal Improvements for Necessary Energy Refining (REFINER) Act Bill Passed - House (230 - 176)
11/19 PN 445-6 Nomination of Ho Nieh, of Alabama, to be a Member of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission for the remainder of the term expiring June 30, 2029, vice Christopher T. Hanson (66 - 32)
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