Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2026
Floor Speech
BREAK IN TRANSCRIPT
Mr. THOMPSON of Pennsylvania. Mr. Chair, I wish to include in the Record the following letters of exchange with respect to H.R. 7567, the ``Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2026.'' By these letters, the Chairmen of their respective committees agreed to forgo further consideration of the measure so that it may proceed expeditiously to the House Floor. I agree that these discharges in no way diminish or alter the jurisdiction of these committees or prejudices their jurisdictional prerogatives on this measure or similar legislation in the future.
In addition to these letters, I wish to include the Cost Estimate for H.R. 7567 provided by the Congressional Budget Office dated April 24, 2026. House of Representatives, Committee on Financial Services, Washington, DC, February 23, 2026. Hon. Glenn Thompson, Chairman, House Committee on Agriculture, Washington, DC.
Dear Chairman Thompson: I am writing to you concerning H.R. 7567, the Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2026. There are certain provisions in the legislation that fall within the Rule X jurisdiction of the Committee on Financial Services.
In the interest of permitting your committee to proceed expeditiously to floor consideration of this important bill, I am willing to waive this committee's right to sequential referral. I do so with the understanding that by waiving consideration of the bill, the Committee on Financial Services does not waive any future jurisdictional claim over the subject matters contained in the bill that fall within its Rule X jurisdiction. I request that you urge the Speaker to name members of this committee to any conference committee that is named to consider such provisions.
Please place this letter into the committee report on H.R. 7567 and into the Congressional Record during consideration of the measure on the House floor. Thank you for the cooperative spirit in which you have worked regarding this matter and others between our respective committees. Sincerely, French Hill, Chairman. ____ House of Representatives, Committee on Agriculture, Washington, DC, April 9, 2026. Hon. French Hill, Chairman, House Committee on Financial Services, Washington, DC.
Dear Chairman Hill: I write regarding H.R. 7567, the ``Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2026,'' which was ordered reported by the Committee on Agriculture on March 5, 2026.
I recognize that the bill contains provisions that fall within the jurisdiction of the Committee on Financial Services and appreciate your willingness to forgo any further consideration of this bill. I acknowledge that the Committee on Financial Services will not formally consider H.R. 7567 and agree that the inaction of your committee with respect to the bill does not waive any jurisdiction over the subject matter contained therein.
I am pleased to support your request to name Members of the Committee on Financial Services to any conference committee to consider such provisions. I will ensure that our exchange of letters is included in the Congressional Record during floor consideration of the bill. I appreciate your cooperation regarding this legislation. Sincerely, Glenn ``GT'' Thompson, Chairman. ____ House of Representatives, Committee on Small Business, Washington, DC, March 3, 2026. Hon. Glenn Thompson, Chairman, Committee on Agriculture, House of Representatives, Washington, DC.
Dear Chairman Thompson: This letter confirms our mutual understanding regarding H.R. 7567, the ``Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2026.'' Thank you for collaborating with the Committee on Small Business on matters within our jurisdiction.
The Committee on Small Business will forgo any further consideration of this bill. However, by foregoing consideration at this time, we do not waive any jurisdiction over any subject matter contained in this or similar legislation. The Committee on Small Business also reserves the right to seek appointment of an appropriate number of conferees, should it become necessary, and ask that you support such a request.
We would appreciate a response to this letter confirming this understanding with respect to H.R. 7567 and request a copy of our letters on this matter be published in the Congressional Record during Floor consideration. Sincerely, Roger Williams, Chairman. ____ House of Representatives, Committee on Agriculture, Washington, DC, April 9, 2026. Hon. Roger Williams, Chairman, House Committee on Small Business, Washington, DC.
Dear Chairman Williams: I write regarding H.R. 7567, the ``Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2026,'' which was ordered reported by the Committee on Agriculture on March 5, 2026.
I recognize that the bill contains provisions that fall within the jurisdiction of the Committee on Small Business and appreciate your willingness to forgo any further consideration of this bill. I acknowledge that the Committee on Small Business will not formally consider H.R. 7567 and agree that the inaction of your committee with respect to the bill does not waive any jurisdiction over the subject matter contained therein.
I am pleased to support your request to name Members of the Committee on Small Business to any conference committee to consider such provisions. I will ensure that our exchange of letters is included in the Congressional Record during floor consideration of the bill. I appreciate your cooperation regarding this legislation. Sincerely, Glenn ``GT'' Thompson, Chairman. ____ Committee on Education and Workforce, House of Representatives, Washington, DC, March 26, 2026. Hon. Glenn ``GT'' Thompson, Chairman, Committee on Agriculture, House of Representatives, Washington, DC.
Dear Chairman Thompson: I write to confirm our mutual understanding with respect to H.R. 7567, the Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2026. Thank you for consulting with the Committee on Education and Workforce with regard to H.R. 7567 on those matters within my Committee's jurisdiction, including provisions relating to child nutrition and the procurement of foods for the school meals programs.
In the interest of expediting the House's consideration of H.R. 7567, the Committee on Education and Workforce will forgo further consideration of this bill. However, I do so only with the understanding that this procedural route will not be construed to prejudice the Committee's jurisdictional interest and prerogatives on this bill or any other similar legislation and will not be considered as precedent for consideration of matters of jurisdictional interest to my Committee in the future.
I also request that you include our exchange of letters on this matter in the Committee Report on H.R. 7567. Thank you for your attention to these matters. Sincerely, Tim Walberg, Chairman. ____ House of Representatives, Committee on Agriculture, Washington, DC, April 9, 2026. Hon. Tim Walberg, Chairman, House Committee on Education and the Workforce, Washington, DC.
Dear Chairman Walberg: I write regarding H.R. 7567, the ``Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2026,'' which was ordered reported by the Committee on Agriculture on March 5, 2026.
I recognize that the bill contains provisions that fall within the jurisdiction of the Committee on Education and the Workforce and appreciate your willingness to forgo any further consideration of this bill. I acknowledge that the Committee on Education and the Workforce will not formally consider H.R. 7567 and agree that the inaction of your committee with respect to the bill does not waive any jurisdiction over the subject matter contained therein.
I am pleased to support your request to name Members of the Committee on Education and the Workforce to any conference committee to consider such provisions. I will ensure that our exchange of letters is included in the Congressional Record during floor consideration of the bill. I appreciate your cooperation regarding this legislation. Sincerely, Glenn ''GT'' Thompson, Chairman. ____ Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, House of Representatives, Washington, DC, April 8, 2026. Hon. Glenn Thompson, Chairman, Committee on Agriculture, Washington, DC.
Dear Chairman Thompson: This letter confirms our mutual understanding regarding H.R. 7567, the ``Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2026.'' Thank you for collaborating with the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure on matters within our jurisdiction.
In the interest of permitting H.R. 7567 to proceed expeditiously to the House Floor, I am willing to forgo formal action by the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure with the understanding that doing so does not waive any future jurisdictional claims over this bill or similar legislation. The Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure also reserves the right to seek appointment of an appropriate number of conferees, should it become necessary, and ask that you support such a request.
We would appreciate a response to this letter confirming this understanding with respect to H.R. 7567 and your commitment to include our exchange of letters in the committee report on H.R. 7567 or in the Congressional Record during its consideration on the House Floor. Thank you again for your cooperation and for your work on this important legislation. Sincerely, Sam Graves, Chairman. ____ House of Representatives, Committee on Agriculture, Washington, DC, April 9, 2026. Hon. Sam Graves, Chairman, House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, Washington, DC.
Dear Chairman Graves: I write regarding H.R. 7567, the ``Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2026,'' which was ordered reported by the Committee on Agriculture on March 5, 2026.
I recognize that the bill contains provisions that fall within the jurisdiction of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure and appreciate your willingness to forgo any further consideration of this bill. I acknowledge that the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure will not formally consider H.R. 7567 and agree that the inaction of your committee with respect to the bill does not waive any jurisdiction over the subject matter contained therein.
I am pleased to support your request to name Members of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure to any conference committee to consider such provisions. I will ensure that our exchange of letters is included in the Congressional Record during floor consideration of the bill. I appreciate your cooperation regarding this legislation. Sincerely, Glenn ``GT'' Thompson, Chairman. ____ House of Representatives, Committee on Veterans' Affairs, Washington, DC April 16, 2026. Hon. Glenn Thompson, Chairman, Committee on Agriculture, House of Representatives, Washington, DC.
Dear Chairman Thompson: I am writing to you concerning H.R 7567, the ``Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2026.'' As you know, there are provisions in this legislation that fall within the jurisdiction of the Committee on Veterans' Affairs.
In the interest of permitting your committee to proceed expeditiously to floor consideration of this legislation, I am willing to waive consideration of the bill by my Committee. I do so with the understanding that by waiving consideration of the bill, the Committee on Veterans' Affairs does not waive any future jurisdictional claim over the subject matters contained in the bill. I also request that you urge the Speaker to name members of this committee to any conference committee that may be established to consider such provisions.
Please place this letter in the committee report on H.R. 7567 and in the Congressional Record during consideration of this legislation on the House floor. Sincerely, Mike Bost, Chairman. ____ House of Representatives, Committee on Agriculture, Washington, DC, April 16, 2026. Hon. Mike Bost, Chairman, House Committee on Veterans' Affairs, Washington, DC.
Dear Chairman Bost: I write regarding H.R. 7567, the ``Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2026,'' which was ordered reported by the Committee on Agriculture on March 5, 2026.
I recognize that the bill contains provisions that fall within the jurisdiction of the Committee on Veterans' Affairs and appreciate your willingness to forgo any further consideration of this bill. I acknowledge that the Committee on Veterans' Affairs will not formally consider H.R. 7567 and agree that the inaction of your committee with respect to the bill does not waive any jurisdiction over the subject matter contained therein.
I am pleased to support your request to name Members of the Committee on Veterans' Affairs to any conference committee to consider such provisions. I will ensure that our exchange of letters is included in the Congressional Record during floor consideration of the bill. I appreciate your cooperation regarding this legislation. Sincerely, Glenn ``GT'' Thompson, Chairman. ____ House of Representatives, Committee on the Judiciary, Washington, DC, April 17, 2026. Hon. Glenn ``GT'' Thompson, Chairman, Committee on Agriculture, House of Representatives, Washington, DC.
Dear Chairman Thompson: I write regarding H.R. 7567, the Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2026. Provisions of this bill fall within the Judiciary Committee's Rule X jurisdiction, and I appreciate that you consulted with us on those provisions. The Judiciary Committee agrees that it will forgo any further consideration of the bill so that it may proceed expeditiously to the House floor.
The Committee takes this action with the understanding that forgoing further consideration of this measure does not in any way alter the Committee's jurisdiction or waive any future jurisdictional claim over these provisions or their subject matter. We also reserve the right to seek appointment of an appropriate number of conferees in the event of a conference with the Senate involving this measure or similar legislation.
I ask that you please include this letter in your committee's report to accompany this legislation or insert this letter in the Congressional Record during consideration of H.R. 7567 on the House floor. I appreciate the cooperative manner in which our committees have worked on this matter, and I look forward to working collaboratively in the future on matters of shared jurisdiction. Thank you for your attention to this matter. Sincerely. Jim Jordan, Chairman. ____ House of Representatives, Committee on Agriculture, Washington, DC, April 17, 2026. Hon. Jim Jordan, Chairman, House Committee on the Judiciary, Washington, DC.
Dear Chairman Jordan: I write regarding H.R. 7567, the ``Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2026,'' which was ordered reported by the Committee on Agriculture on March 5, 2026.
I recognize that the bill contains provisions that fall within the jurisdiction of the Committee on the Judiciary and appreciate your willingness to forgo any further consideration of this bill. I acknowledge that the Committee on the Judiciary will not formally consider H.R. 7567 and agree that the inaction of your committee with respect to the bill does not waive any jurisdiction over the subject matter contained therein.
I am pleased to support your request to name Members of the Committee on the Judiciary to any conference committee to consider such provisions. I will ensure that our exchange of letters is included in the Congressional Record during Floor consideration of the bill. I appreciate your cooperation regarding this legislation. Sincerely, Glenn ``GT'' Thompson, Chairman. ____ House of Representatives, Committee on Energy and Commerce, Washington, DC, April 23, 2026. Hon. Glenn ``GT'' Thompson, Chairman, Committee on Agriculture, Washington, DC.
Dear Chairman Thompson: I write regarding H.R. 7567, the ``Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2026.'' While there are provisions of the legislation that fall within the Rule X jurisdiction of the Committee on Energy and Commerce, I wanted to notify you that the Committee will forgo action on the bill so that it may proceed expeditiously to the House floor for consideration.
This is done with the understanding that the Committee's jurisdictional interests over this and similar legislation are in no way diminished or altered. In addition, the Committee reserves the right to seek conferees on H.R. 7567 and requests your support when such a request is made.
I would appreciate your response confirming this understanding with respect to H.R. 7567 and ask that a copy of our exchange of letters on this matter be included in the committee report on the bill or in the Congressional Record during consideration of the bill on the House floor. Sincerely, Brett Guthrie, Chairman. ____ House of Representatives, Committee on Agriculture, Washington, DC, April 23, 2026. Hon. Brett Guthrie, Chairman, House Committee on Energy and Commerce, Washington, DC.
Dear Chairman Guthrie: I write regarding H.R. 7567, the ``Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2026,'' which was ordered reported by the Committee on Agriculture on March 5, 2026.
I recognize that the bill contains provisions that fall within the jurisdiction of the Committee on Energy & Commerce and appreciate your willingness to forgo any further consideration of this bill. I acknowledge that the Committee on Energy & Commerce will not formally consider H.R. 7567 and agree that the inaction of your committee with respect to the bill does not waive any jurisdiction over the subject matter contained therein.
I am pleased to support your request to name Members of the Committee on Energy & Commerce to any conference committee to consider such provisions. I will ensure that our exchange of letters is included in the Congressional Record during floor consideration of the bill. I appreciate your cooperation regarding this legislation. Sincerely, Glenn ``GT'' Thompson, Chairman. ____ House of Representatives, Committee on Ways and Means, Washington, DC, April 23, 2026. Hon. Glenn Thompson, Chairman, Committee on Agriculture, Washington, DC.
Dear Chairman Thompson: I am writing with respect to H.R. 7567, the ``Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2026.'' As you are aware, the Committee on Ways and Means was granted an additional referral on this bill. I agree to forego action on this bill so that it may proceed expeditiously to the House floor for consideration.
The Committee on Ways and Means takes this action with the mutual understanding that we do not waive any jurisdiction over the subject matter contained in this or similar legislation, and the Committee will be appropriately consulted and involved as the bill or similar legislation moves forward so that we may address any remaining issues that fall within our jurisdiction. The Committee also reserves the right to seek appointment of an appropriate number of conferees to any House-Senate conference involving this or similar legislation, and requests your support for such request.
Finally, I would appreciate your response to this letter confirming this understanding and would ask that a copy of our exchange of letters on this matter be included in the Congressional Record during floor consideration of H.R. 7567. Sincerely, Jason Smith, Chairman. ____ House of Representatives, Committee on Agriculture, Washington, DC, April 23, 2026. Hon. Jason Smith, Chairman, Committee on Ways & Means, Washington, DC.
Dear Chairman Smith: I write regarding H.R. 7567, the ``Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2026,'' which was ordered reported by the Committee on Agriculture on March 5, 2026.
I recognize that the bill contains provisions that fall within the jurisdiction of the Committee on Ways & Means and appreciate your willingness to forgo any further consideration of this bill. I acknowledge that the Committee on Ways & Means will not formally consider H.R. 7567 and agree that the inaction of your committee with respect to the bill does not waive any jurisdiction over the subject matter contained therein.
I am pleased to support your request to name Members of the Committee on Ways & Means to any conference committee to consider such provisions. I will ensure that our exchange of letters is included in the Congressional Record during floor consideration of the bill. I appreciate your cooperation regarding this legislation. Sincerely, Glenn ``GT'' Thompson, Chairman. ____ House of Representatives, Committee on Oversight and Government reform, Washington, DC, April 24, 2026. Hon. Glenn Thompson, Chairman, Committee on Agriculture, Washington, DC.
Dear Chairman Thompson: I am writing concerning H.R. 7567, the Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2026. There are certain provisions in the legislation that fall within the Rule X jurisdiction of the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform.
In the interest of permitting your committee to proceed expeditiously to floor consideration of this important bill, I am willing to waive this committee's right to sequential referral. I do so with the understanding that by waiving consideration of the bill, the Committee on Committee on Oversight and Government Reform does not waive any future jurisdictional claim over the subject matters contained in the bill that fall within its Rule X jurisdiction. I request that you urge the Speaker to name members of this committee to any conference committee that is named to consider such provisions.
I ask that you place a copy of our exchange of letters on this bill in the committee report filed by the Committee on Agriculture and in the Congressional Record during House floor consideration thereof. I appreciate your cooperation regarding this bill and look forward to future opportunities to work together on matters of shared jurisdiction. Sincerely, James Comer, Chairman. ____ House of Representatives, Committee on Agriculture, Washington, DC, April 27, 2026. Hon. James Comer, Chairman, House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, Washington, DC.
Dear Chairman Comer: I write regarding H.R. 7567, the ``Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2026.'' which was ordered reported by the Committee on Agriculture on March 5, 2026.
I recognize that the bill contains provisions that fall within the jurisdiction of the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform and appreciate your willingness to forgo any further consideration of this bill. I acknowledge that the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform will not formally consider H.R. 7567 and agree that the inaction of your committee with respect to the bill does not waive any jurisdiction over the subject matter contained therein.
I am pleased to support your request to name Members of the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform to any conference committee to consider such provisions. I will ensure that our exchange of letters is included in the Congressional Record during floor consideration of the bill. I appreciate your cooperation regarding this legislation. Sincerely, Glenn ``GT'' Thompson, Chairman. H.R. 7567, FARM, FOOD, AND NATIONAL SECURITY ACT OF 2026 AS REPORTED BY THE HOUSE COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE ON APRIL 21, 2026 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ By fiscal year, millions of dollars ----------------------------------- 2026 2026-2031 2026-2036 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Direct Spending (Outlays)........... 34 162 0 Revenues............................ 0 0 0 Increase or Decrease (-) in the 34 162 0 Deficit............................ Spending Subject to Appropriation 0 15,785 21,401 (Outlays) a........................ ------------------------------------------------------------------------ a Includes estimated outlays only for specified authorizations of
appropriations.
Increases net direct spending in any of the four consecutive 10-year periods beginning in 2037? No.
Increases on-budget deficits in any of the four consecutive 10-year periods beginning in 2037? No.
Statutory pay-as-you-go procedures apply? Yes.
Mandate Effects:
Contains intergovernmental mandate? Yes, cannot determine costs.
Contains private-sector mandate? Yes, over threshold.
The bill would
Reauthorize and amend agricultural support, nutrition, conservation, and other programs implemented and administered by the Department of Agriculture
Impose intergovernmental and private-sector mandates
Estimated budgetary effects would mainly stem from
Changes in conservation and trade programs
Accelerating the spending of previously appropriated balances
Amounts authorized to be appropriated
Bill summary: H.R. 7567 would amend and authorize through 2031 programs for agricultural land conservation, food aid and agricultural trade promotion, rural development, agricultural research, forestry, nutrition programs, and horticulture, as well as other programs administered by the Department of Agriculture (USDA). The bill also would amend programs funded by the Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC), amend federal crop insurance, transfer some authorities of the Agency for International Development (USAID) to USDA, and extend the suspension of permanent price support authority through the 2031 crop year.
Estimated Federal cost: The estimated budgetary effects of H.R. 7567 are shown in Table 1. The costs of the legislation fall within budget functions 150 (international affairs), 270 (energy), 300 (natural resources and environment), 350 (agriculture), 450 (community and regional development), and 600 (income security). TABLE 1.--ESTIMATED BUDGETARY EFFECTS OF H.R. 7567 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- By fiscal year, millions of dollars-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2026- 2026- 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2031 2036 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- INCREASES OR DECREASES (-) IN DIRECT SPENDING Budget Authority................... 42 -274 -417 -42 0 89 -1 * * * * -602 -603 Estimated Outlays.................. 34 54 4 50 26 -6 -87 -61 -26 4 8 162 0 INCREASES IN SPENDING SUBJECT TO APPROPRIATION Authorization a.................... 0 4,570 4,467 4,469 4,468 4,470 7 8 7 8 7 22,444 22,481 Estimated Outlays.................. 0 1,584 2,645 3,396 3,939 4,221 2,712 1,658 825 336 85 15,785 21,401 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Budget authority includes specified and estimated amounts. Budget authority and outlays are estimated relative to CB0's February 2026 baseline. * = between -$500,000 and $500,000. a Includes only authorizations of appropriations with specific amounts; does not include indefinite amounts that would need to be estimated.
Basis of estimate: Estimated changes in direct spending for each title appear in Table 2, spending subject to appropriation is summarized in Table 3, additional details for various sections appear in Tables 4 through 7, and CBO's estimate of Pay-As-You-Go Effects is shown in Table 8.
For this estimate, CBO assumes that H.R. 7567 will be enacted around the beginning of August 2026. Outlays are based on historical spending patterns for the affected programs.
Following the rules specified in the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, CBO assumes that the changes made to some programs reauthorized in titles II, III, and IV would continue after 2031, the final year of authorization in the bill. The Deficit Control Act specifies that programs that meet certain conditions should be assumed to continue to operate in the same manner as they do in the final year of authorization. For the purposes of this estimate, programs that do not meet those conditions are not assumed to continue after 2031. On that basis, and relative to CBO's February 2026 baseline, CBO estimates that enacting the bill would increase direct spending by $162 million over the 2026-2031 period and would have no effect on direct spending over the 2026-2036 period.
Most of the current authorizations for programs in titles II, III, and IV that would be reauthorized by H.R. 7567 will expire at the end of fiscal year 2026. However, consistent with the rules governing baseline projections specified in the Deficit Control Act, CBO's baseline incorporates the assumption that after they expire, those programs will continue to operate in the same manner as they did before the expiration. Thus, the costs of extending those authorizations through 2031 are not included in the costs attributable to this bill. CBO estimates that those costs would total $473 billion over the 2027-2031 period, primarily for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP).
Because appropriations for 2026 have already been provided, this estimate reflects specified authorizations and their associated outlays starting in 2027. CBO estimates that implementing the provisions that specify authorizations of appropriations would cost $15.8 billion over the 2026-2031 period, assuming appropriation of the specified amounts. Implementing the bill also would require additional spending from provisions that do not authorize the appropriation of specific amounts. CBO has not estimated the costs of implementing provisions that do not authorize the appropriation of a specific amount.
Under current law, sequestration, which is the cancellation of a portion of budgetary resources, applies to some programs in titles II and III. CBO's estimate of the changes to budget authority for those programs incorporates the effects of sequestration. TITLE I. COMMODITIES
Title I would extend a decades-old suspension of permanent price support authority for agricultural commodities through the 2031 crop year. The title also would extend dairy- specific programs related to pricing, indemnities, promotion, and research and modify other programs funded by the CCC.
Direct spending: Title I would allow producers that are eligible for cost-sharing assistance under section 1002 to receive payments from the Tree Assistance Program before they incur the cost of rehabilitating or replacing damaged or lost trees. Currently, the program allows reimbursement only for expenses already incurred. The authority to provide full reimbursement before producer costs are incurred would terminate on September 30, 2035. CBO estimates that enacting title I would result in spending occurring more quickly than under current law and would cost $5 million over the 2026- 2031 period but would have an insignificant budgetary effect over the 2026-2036 period (see Table 4).
Spending subject to appropriation: Title I contains no specific authorization of appropriations. TITLE II. CONSERVATION
Title II would reauthorize and modify USDA's land conservation programs to expand conservation practices, establish a new forest conservation program, and modify funding for various other programs.
Direct spending: CBO estimates that enacting title II would decrease direct spending by $1 million over the 2026-2036 period (see Table 5).
Enacting title II would modify funding for various programs and rescind several prior appropriations, as follows:
Section 2402 would increase funding by $56 million in 2026 for the Feral Swine Eradication and Control Program. CBO estimates that direct spending would increase by the same amount over the 2026-2036 period.
Section 2403 would expand USDA's authority to repair and maintain watershed infrastructure projects and increase the federal cost share for those activities. CBO estimates that enacting the section would increase direct spending by $54 million over the 2026-2036 period.
Section 2404 would expedite assistance to farmers through the Emergency Conservation Program. Up to 75 percent of the estimated cost to replace fencing and farm structures could be provided to recipients before work is complete; up to 50 percent of the estimated cost for repairs to fencing and farm structures also could be provided in advance. Using information from USDA, CBO expects that enacting section 2404 would result in some funds being obligated and spent more quickly than under current law. On that basis, CBO estimates that enacting the section would increase direct spending by $43 million over the 2026-2031 period. After 2031, the increase would be entirely offset by reductions in spending, resulting in no net effect on direct spending over the 2026- 2036 period.
Section 2405 would expand USDA's authority through the Emergency Watershed Program to help communities respond to and recover from natural disasters, such as floods, storms, and other watershed emergencies. CBO estimates that enacting that section would cost $15 million over the 2026-2036 period.
Spending subject to appropriation: Title II would specify the authorization of appropriations totaling $750 million over the 2027-2031 period. CBO estimates that implementing title II would cost $627 million over the 2026-2031 period, assuming appropriation of the specified amounts. TITLE III. TRADE
Title III would reauthorize various agricultural trade promotion and international food aid programs that are funded either by direct spending or by appropriation.
Title III also would transfer some authorities and responsibilities of USAID to USDA, which would administer the Food for Peace program and other programs previously administered by USAID.
Direct spending: Title III would reauthorize agricultural trade promotion and overseas food aid programs funded by the Commodity Credit Corporation. CBO estimates that, on net, enacting title III would have no effect on direct spending over the 2026-2036 period (see Table 6).
Section 3201 would repeal the Supplemental Agricultural Trade Promotion Program, which is permanently authorized. The section also would reauthorize and increase funding through fiscal year 2031 for the Agricultural Trade Promotion and Facilitation Program. In keeping with the Deficit Control Act, CBO's February 2026 baseline projections incorporate the assumption that the Agricultural Trade Promotion and Facilitation Program continues throughout the 2026-2036 projection period. For this estimate, CBO assumes that the increase in funding would also continue through 2036. After accounting for sequestration, CBO estimates that enacting the section would reduce direct spending, on net, by $70 million over the 2026-2036 period.
Section 3303 would reauthorize the Bill Emerson Humanitarian Trust Act through 2031. That trust holds commodities and funds for emergency humanitarian food needs in developing countries. Funding for that trust is usually provided in the annual appropriation act, but assistance also may come from stocks of commodities held by the CCC. Because the trust can use CCC funds to pay for the transport of commodities, CBO estimates that enacting section 3303 would increase direct spending by $70 million over the 2026-2036 period.
Spending subject to appropriation: Title III would specify the authorization of appropriations totaling $625 million over the 2027-2031 period. The activities affected would include international agricultural exchange programs, local and regional food aid procurement, and the Global Crop Diversity Trust. CBO estimates that implementing those provisions would cost $357 million over the 2026-2031 period, assuming appropriation of the specified amounts. Title IV. Nutrition
Title IV would reauthorize through 2031 and make administrative changes to the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, which provides benefits to help people in low-income households purchase food. Title IV also would reauthorize for the same period and make changes to commodity distribution and other federal nutrition assistance programs, fund other activities related to food-purchasing and nutrition initiatives, and establish demonstration projects.
Direct spending: Under certain conditions, section 4103 would allow state agencies to use contractors for SNAP certification and other administrative functions. Section 4104 would allow retailers to fail the application process to participate in SNAP twice within three years before USDA imposes a waiting period for reapplication. Based on the costs for comparable activities, CBO estimates that enacting title IV would increase direct spending by less than $500,000 over the 2026-2036 period.
Spending subject to appropriation: Title IV would specify the authorization of appropriations totaling $1.2 billion over the 2027-2031 period to amend and reauthorize several nutrition programs, fund new grants for the procurement and distribution of locally produced food, and support demonstration projects. CBO estimates that implementing those provisions would cost $1.0 billion over the 2026-2031 period, assuming appropriation of the specified amounts. Title V. Credit
Title V would reauthorize USDA's agricultural loan programs through 2031 and make adjustments to loan eligibility, amounts, and application and approval processes.
Direct spending: CBO estimates that enacting title V would not affect direct spending.
Spending subject to appropriation: Title V would specify the authorization of appropriations totaling $1.2 billion through 2031. The affected programs and activities would include conservation loans and loan guarantees, a relending program to help people who inherit farmland with multiple owners resolve questions of succession of ownership, a pilot program for beginning farmers and ranchers, microloans for producers, and state agricultural mediation programs. CBO estimates that implementing those provisions would cost $325 million over the 2026-2031 period, assuming appropriation of the specified amounts. Title VI. Rural Development
Title VI would amend and reauthorize programs that provide access to broadband internet in rural communities and that support rural utilities, energy efficiency, and bioenergy projects.
Direct spending: Sections 6201 and 6204 would increase eligibility among underserved communities for broadband infrastructure projects that are funded by USDA-administered grant and loan programs. Based on information from the department. CBO expects that those changes would result in some funds that were provided in previous years being obligated and spent faster than under current law because more projects would qualify for assistance. CBO estimates that enacting section 6201 would increase direct spending by $2 million over the 2026-2031 period. After 2031, that increase would be entirely offset by reductions in spending, resulting in no net effect on direct spending over the 2026- 2036 period.
Similarly, enacting section 6204 would increase direct spending by less than $500,000 over the 2026-2031 period. That effect would be offset by a corresponding reduction in direct spending after 2031.
Therefore, CBO estimates that enacting title VI would have no net effect on direct spending over the 2026-2036 period.
Spending subject to appropriation: Title VI would specify the authorization of appropriations totaling $4.7 billion over the 2027-2031 period. CBO estimates that implementing the title would cost $2.5 billion over the 2026-2031 period, assuming appropriation of the specified amounts. Title VII. Research, Extension, and Related Matters
Title VII would amend the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977; the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990; the Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act of 1998; the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008; and a handful of other laws. Title VII focuses mainly on issues related to research and extension activities (activities that provide research-based information and technical assistance to farmers, ranchers, and communities).
Direct spending: Section 7606 would provide budget authority of $1 million in 2026 for USDA to establish the Commission on National Agricultural Statistics Service Modernization, which would update the data collection methods of the National Agricultural Statistics Service. That authority would expire on September 30, 2031. The funding would cover the commission's costs, including compensation and travel expenses for nonfederal members. CBO estimates that enacting title VII would increase direct spending by $1 million over the 2026-2036 period.
Spending subject to appropriation: Title VII would specify the authorization of appropriations totaling $8.3 billion over the 2027-2031 period to reauthorize a large number of programs, mainly to fund research and for extension activities. CBO estimates that implementing those provisions would cost $5.9 billion over the 2026-2031 period, assuming appropriation of the specified amounts. Title VIII. Forestry
Title VIII would reauthorize several programs aimed at restoring and conserving forests and expedite certain management activities on land administered by the Forest Service.
Direct spending: Section 8508 would expedite assistance payments under the Emergency Forest Restoration Program to owners of nonindustrial, forested land in the aftermath of natural disasters. Up to 75 percent of the estimated cost of emergency projects could be provided to recipients before they begin work.
Using information from USDA, CBO expects that expediting payments would result in some funds being obligated and spent more quickly than under current law. On that basis, CBO estimates that enacting section 8508 would increase direct spending by about $20 million over the 2026-2031 period. That increase would be entirely offset by reductions in spending after 2031, resulting in no net effect on direct spending over the 2026-2036 period.
Enacting other sections would affect fees collected by the Forest Service, which are recorded in the budget as reductions in direct spending. Some of those fees can be spent without further appropriation. The net effect of those changes in fee collections would be insignificant over the 2026-2036 period.
CBO estimates that enacting title VIII would have an insignificant effect on direct spending over the 2026-2036 period.
Spending subject to appropriation: Title VIII would specify the authorization of appropriations totaling $4.2 billion over the 2027-2031 period for several programs aimed at restoring and conserving forests on land administered by the Forest Service. CBO estimates that implementing those provisions would cost $3.9 billion over the 2026-2031 period, assuming appropriation of the specified amounts. Title IX. Energy
Title IX would amend and reauthorize energy-related programs for rural and agricultural areas. The title also would rescind funding for USDA's Biorefinery, Renewable Chemical, and Biobased Product Manufacturing Program.
Direct spending: CBO estimates that enacting title IX would decrease direct spending by $2 million over the 2026-2031 period and would have no effect on net direct spending over the 2026-2036 period (see Table 7).
Section 9002 would reauthorize the Biobased Markets Program over the 2026-2031 period and would provide $3 million in mandatory budget authority each year. CBO estimates that enacting the section would cost $16 million over the 2026- 2031 period and $18 million over the 2026-2036 period.
Section 9003 would rescind $18 million in previously appropriated funds for the Biorefinery, Renewable Chemical, and Biobased Product Manufacturing Program. CBO estimates that, as a result, direct spending for that program would decrease by $18 million over the 2026-2036 period.
Spending subject to appropriation: Title IX would specify the authorization of appropriations totaling $715 million over the 2027-2031 period for the Biorefinery, Renewable Chemical, and Biobased Product Manufacturing Program; the Rural Energy for America Program; and other energy-related programs. CBO estimates that implementing those provisions would cost $516 million over the 2026-2031 period, assuming appropriation of the specified amounts. Title X. Horticulture, Marketing, and Regulatory Reform
Title X would authorize or reauthorize programs that promote various agricultural industries, support organic production, and provide timely market news about specialty crops.
Direct spending: CBO estimates that enacting title X would not affect direct spending.
Spending subject to appropriation: Title X would specify the authorization of appropriations totaling $495 million over the 2027-2031 period to establish and reauthorize programs that promote various agricultural industries, support organic production, and provide timely market news about specialty crops. CBO estimates that implementing those provisions would cost $458 million over the 2026-2031 period, assuming appropriation of the specified amounts. Title XI. Crop Insurance
Title XI would amend aspects of the federal crop insurance program affecting premium supports for military veterans.
Direct spending: Section 11007 would expand eligibility to military veterans for a program initially designed to provide beginning farmers and ranchers with access to additional premium supports for crop insurance. CBO estimates that enacting that section would increase direct spending by less than $500,000 over the 2026-2036 period.
Spending subject to appropriation: Title XI contains no specific authorization of appropriations. Title XII. Miscellaneous Provisions
Title XII would reauthorize several programs aimed at preventing and managing animal diseases, promoting outreach and access to USDA's programs, improving the U.S. drought monitor, collecting and analyzing data related to land access and foreign ownership of U.S. farmland, helping victims of domestic abuse and their pets, and providing grants to install rollover protections for tractors.
Direct spending: CBO estimates that enacting title XII would not affect direct spending.
Spending subject to appropriation: Title XII would specify the authorization of appropriations totaling $219 million over the 2027-2031 period. CBO estimates that implementing title XII would cost $208 million over the 2026-2031 period, assuming appropriation of the specified amounts.
Pay-As-You-Go considerations: The Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 establishes budget-reporting and enforcement procedures for legislation affecting direct spending or revenues. The net changes in outlays that are subject to those pay-as-you-go procedures are shown in Table 8. TABLE 8.--CBO'S ESTIMATE OF THE STATUTORY PAY-AS-YOU-GO EFFECTS OF H.R. 7567, THE FARM, FOOD, AND NATIONAL SECURITY ACT OF 2026, AS REPORTED BY THE HOUSE COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE ON APRIL 21, 2026 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- By fiscal year, millions of dollars-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2026- 2026- 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2031 2036 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- NET INCREASE OR DECREASE (-) IN THE DEFICIT Pay-As-You-Go Effect.......................... 34 54 4 50 26 -6 -87 -61 -26 4 8 162 0 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Increase in long-term net direct spending and deficits: CBO estimates that enacting H.R. 7567 would not increase net direct spending or on-budget deficits in any of the four consecutive 10-year periods beginning in 2037.
Mandates: H.R. 7567 would impose intergovernmental and private-sector mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA). CBO cannot determine whether the costs of the intergovernmental mandates would be above the threshold established in UMRA ($107 million in 2026, adjusted annually for inflation). CBO estimates that the aggregate costs of the private-sector mandates would exceed the private-sector threshold ($214 million in 2026, adjusted annually for inflation).
Title X mandates concerning pesticides: Sections 10205, 10206, and 10207 would impose intergovernmental and private- sector mandates regarding the labeling, permitting, and uses of pesticides. The bill would establish nationwide uniformity for pesticide labeling. The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) currently regulates pesticide labeling and registration and preempts the imposition of state or local labeling requirements that are additional to or different from those approved by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). A split exists among Federal Courts of Appeals as to whether FIFRA also preempts the right, under state laws, of a plaintiff to bring a ``failure to warn'' claim against a pesticide manufacturer for harms alleged to arise from the use of a registered pesticide.
Mandates that affect intergovernmental and private-sector entities. Section 10205 could impose intergovernmental and private-sector mandates by prohibiting manufacturers from being held liable for failing to warn purchasers or users about potential harms associated with the use of their registered pesticides.
The section could impose a mandate on state, local, and tribal governments that are parties to certain lawsuits against pesticide manufacturers; available information indicates that there have been only a few such cases. CBO estimates that the cost of any intergovernmental mandate would be small.
Section 10205 also could impose a private-sector mandate by prohibiting pesticide manufacturers from being held liable under failure-to-warn claims. The cost of any mandate would be the amount that claimants might otherwise have collected in awards or settlements. Using publicly available information from previous cases, CBO estimates that the cost of any private-sector mandate would be in the hundreds of millions of dollars and would exceed the private-sector threshold established in UMRA.
Mandates that affect state, local, and tribal governments. Section 10205 would impose an intergovernmental mandate by preempting state, local, and tribal restrictions regarding pesticide labeling. The section would prohibit warning language on pesticide labels or packaging that is in addition to or different from language EPA has approved under FIFRA.
Section 10206 would impose a mandate by preempting local regulation of the sale, distribution, labeling, application, or use of any pesticide or device that already is subject to regulation by a state or EPA under FIFRA.
The cost of the mandates under sections 10205 and 10206 would be the revenue lost by local governments that could no longer collect related fees or penalties. That loss would be offset, at least in part, because local governments would no longer be required to administer or enforce those regulations. Using information about fees collected in states that allow local regulation, CBO estimates that the cost of the mandates would be less than $1 million.
Section 10207 would impose an intergovernmental mandate by preempting any additional permitting or approval requirements for the use, application, or discharge, including into waterways, of a registered pesticide consistent with its EPA- approved labeling under FIFRA. That mandate could interact with the Clean Water Act and state regulations. CBO cannot determine whether the cost of the intergovernmental mandate would exceed the threshold established in UMRA.
All other mandates: Other titles of H.R. 7567 would impose intergovernmental and private-sector mandates, which are detailed below.
Mandates that affect the intergovernmental and private sectors. Section 12008 would impose intergovernmental and private-sector mandates by prohibiting commercial greyhound racing in the United States and prohibiting wagering on those races, including wagering on domestic and overseas simulcasts of races. The cost of the mandates would be lost revenue for live-racing establishments and businesses--including casinos owned by Native American tribes--that provide wagering on greyhound races.
Using information about the greyhound-racing industry, CBO estimates that businesses involved in live greyhound racing and wagering net about $85 million a year. Using information about the share of tribally owned casinos, CBO estimates that the intergovernmental cost of the mandate would be about $50 million and the cost of the private-sector mandate would be about $35 million.
Mandates that affect state, local, and tribal governments. Section 4302 would impose an intergovernmental mandate on state and local agencies that administer the National School Lunch Program by requiring them to purchase at least 95 percent of commodities and food products used for the program from domestic sources. The section also would require state agencies to oversee compliance with that requirement. Using information from USDA's Food and Nutrition Service, CBO estimates that the cost of the mandate would be about $25 million annually for product purchases, recordkeeping, and oversight.
Section 10212 would prohibit state courts from issuing injunctions against state or tribal entities' dispersal of aerial fire retardants as part of wildfire suppression or control. CBO estimates that there would be no cost associated with that intergovernmental mandate.
Section 12006 would impose an intergovernmental mandate by prohibiting state and local governments from imposing regulations on any products derived from livestock (milk and beef, for example) raised in another state. The cost of the mandate would be the lost revenue from certifications or fines that jurisdictions otherwise would collect. Using information on revenue collections by states that have imposed such regulations. CBO estimates that the cost of the mandate would be a few million dollars.
Mandates that affect the private sector. Section 1006 would impose a private-sector mandate on dairy manufacturers by expanding current reporting requirements to include information on production costs and product yields. Because producers already report similar information to USDA, CBO estimates that the cost to comply with the mandate would be small.
Section 2503 could impose a private-sector mandate if USDA reduces payments to private-sector entities under existing contracts for conservation programs. CBO does not anticipate that existing payments would be reduced; therefore, no cost would be associated with the mandate.
Section 9004 would impose a private-sector mandate on manufacturers of biobased products by implementing national labeling standards for those products. Because USDA has not issued such standards, CBC) cannot determine whether the cost to comply with the mandate would exceed UMRA's private-sector threshold.
Section 10101 would impose a private-sector mandate on importers by adding almonds and mandarin oranges to a list of agricultural products for which USDA can impose import regulations. Those regulations could limit access to some foreign markets that are available to importers under current law. Because USDA has not issued regulations, CBO cannot determine whether the cost of the mandate exceeds the private-sector threshold.
Estimate prepared by: Federal costs: Susan Beyer, Jada Ho, Justin Latus, Susanne Mehlmann, and Margaret Rufe (for nutrition provisions); Tiffany Arthur, Sunita D'Monte, Ryan Greenfield, Aaron Krupkin, Erik O'Donoghue, Emilia Oliva, Alaina Rhee, and Jon Sperl (for other provisions); Mandates: Erich Dvorak, Andrew Laughlin, Lucy Marrett.
Estimate reviewed by: Elizabeth Cove Delisle, Chief, Income Security Cost Estimates Unit; Ann E. Futrell, Chief, Natural and Physical Resources Cost Estimates Unit; Justin Humphrey, Chief, Finance, Housing, and Education Cost Estimates Unit; David Newman, Chief, Defense, International Affairs, and Veterans' Affairs Cost Estimates Unit; Kathleen FitzGerald, Chief, Public and Private Mandates Unit; H. Samuel Papenfuss, Deputy Director of Budget Analysis.
Estimate approved by: Phillip L. Swagel, Director, Congressional Budget Office. TABLE 2.--ESTIMATED CHANGES IN DIRECT SPENDING UNDER H.R. 7567 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ By fiscal year, millions of dollars-- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2026-2031 2026-2036 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Title I. Commodities: Budget Authority........................................ * * * * * * * * * * * * * Estimated Outlays....................................... 1 4 * * * * * * * * -5 5 * Title II. Conservation: Budget Authority........................................ 56 -282 -427 -53 -10 78 6 7 7 7 7 -638 -604 Estimated Outlays....................................... 32 50 -11 32 12 -14 -74 -44 -15 11 20 101 -1 Title III. Trade: Budget Authority........................................ 0 5 7 8 7 8 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 35 0 Estimated Outlays....................................... 0 5 7 8 7 8 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 35 0 Title VI. Rural Development: Budget Authority........................................ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Estimated Outlays....................................... O O O 1 1 0 -1 -1 0 0 0 2 0 Title VII. Research, Extension, and Related Matters: Budget Authority........................................ 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 Estimated Outlays....................................... * * * * * 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 Title VIII. Forestry: Budget Authority........................................ * * * * * * * * * * * * * Estimated Outlays....................................... * 2 10 9 3 -4 -7 -9 -4 * * 20 * Title IX. Energy: Budget Authority........................................ -15 3 3 3 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Estimated Outlays....................................... 1 -7 -2 * 3 3 2 0 0 0 0 -2 0 Total Changes: Budget Authority........................................ 42 -247 -417 -42 0 89 -1 * * * * -602 -603 Estimated Outlays....................................... 34 54 4 50 26 -6 -87 -61 -26 4 8 162 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Budget authority includes specified and estimated amounts. Budget authority and outlays are estimated relative to CBO's February 2026 baseline. * = between -$500,000 and $500,000. CBO estimates that enacting title V, Credit, and XII, Miscellaneous Provisions, would not affect direct spending. CBO estimates that enacting title IV, Nutrition; title X, Horticulture, Marketing, and Regulatory Reform; and title XI, Crop Insurance, would affect direct spending by less than $500,000 in
any year and over the 2026-2036 period. TABLE 3.--AUTHORIZED INCREASES IN SPENDING TO APPROPRIATION UNDER H.R. 7567 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- By fiscal year, millions of dollars-- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2026-2031 2026-2036 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Title II. Conservation: Authorization..................... 0 150 150 150 150 150 0 0 O O O 750 750 Estimated Outlays................. 0 79 112 136 150 150 71 38 14 0 0 627 750 Title III. Trade: Authorization..................... 0 173 113 113 113 113 0 0 O O O 625 625 Estimated Outlays................. 0 39 70 82 83 83 61 50 8 7 7 357 490 Title IV. Nutrition: Authorization..................... 0 272 231 231 231 231 0 0 O O O 1,196 1,196 Estimated Outlays................. 0 151 207 201 219 219 50 12 7 O O 997 1,066 Title V. Credit: Authorization..................... 0 238 238 238 238 238 0 0 0 O O 1,190 1,190 Estimated Outlays................. 0 47 57 67 77 77 50 30 O O O 325 405 Title VI. Rural Development: Authorization..................... 0 941 941 941 941 941 0 0 0 O O 4,705 4,705 Estimated Outlays................. 0 77 288 532 748 897 880 642 371 185 71 2,542 4,691 Title VII. Research, Extension, and Related Matters: Authorization..................... 0 1,665 1,664 1,665 1,664 1,666 7 8 7 8 7 8,324 8,361 Estimated Outlays................. 0 440 934 1,290 1,540 1,665 1,225 734 378 132 7 5,869 8,345 Title VIII. Forestry: Authorization..................... 0 845 845 845 845 845 0 0 0 0 0 4,225 4,225 Estimated Outlays................. 0 620 758 824 839 845 225 86 21 7 0 3,886 4,225 Title IX. Energy: Authorization..................... 0 143 143 143 143 143 0 0 0 O O 715 715 Estimated Outlays................. 0 29 83 121 140 143 110 58 26 5 0 516 715 Title X. Horticulture, Marketing, and Regulatory Reform: Authorization..................... 0 99 99 99 99 99 0 0 0 0 0 495 495 Estimated Outlays................. 0 68 93 99 99 99 31 6 0 0 0 458 495 Title XII. Miscellaneous Provisions: Authorizalon...................... 0 44 43 44 44 44 0 0 0 0 0 219 219 Estimated Outlays................. 0 34 43 44 44 43 9 2 0 0 0 208 219 Total Changes: Authorization..................... 0 4,570 4,467 4,469 4,468 4,470 7 8 7 8 7 22,444 22,481 Estimated Outlays................. 0 1,584 2,645 3,396 3,939 4,221 2,712 1,658 825 336 85 15,785 21,401 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Authorization amounts are for specific appropriations; indefinite amounts that would need to be estimated are not included. Title I, Commodities, and title XI, Crop Insurance, do not contain any specific authorizations of appropriations. TABLE 4.--ESTIMATED CHANGES IN DIRECT SPENDING UNDER TITLE I, COMMODITIES -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- By fiscal year, millions of dollars-- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2026-2031 2026-2036 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Section 1002, Tree Assistance Program: Estimated Budget Authority............ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Estimated Outlays..................... 1 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5 5 0 Section 1009, Storage Facility Loans: Estimated Budget Authority............ * * * * * * * * * * * * * Estimated Outlays..................... * * * * * * * * * * * * * Total Changes: Estimated Budget Authority............ * * * * * * * * * * * * * Estimated Outlays..................... 1 4 * * * * * * * * -5 5 * -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Budget authority includes specified and estimated amounts. Budget authority and outlays are estimated relative to CBO's February 2026 baseline. * = between -$500,000 and $500,000. TABLE 5.--ESTIMATED CHANGES IN DIRECT SPENDING UNDER TITLE II, CONSERVATION -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- By fiscal year, millions of dollars-- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2026-2031 2026-2036 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Subtitle C, Environmental Quality Incentives Program: Sections 2201-2204 and 2501(a)(2) a: Budget Authority.......... 0 -325 -525 -125 -80 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1,055 -1,055 Estimated Outlays......... 12 -51 -164 -145 -145 -133 -116 -55 -20 -5 0 -626 -822 Sequestration Adjustment: Budget Authority.......... 0 0 30 7 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 42 42 Estimated Outlays......... 0 0 9 8 8 8 3 0 0 0 0 33 36 Subtotal, Sections 2201-2204 and 2501(a)(2) a: Budget Authority.......... 0 -325 -495 -118 -75 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1,013 -1,013 Estimated Outlays......... 12 -51 -155 -137 -137 -125 -113 -55 -20 -5 0 -593 -786 Subtotal, Subtitle C b: Budget Authority.......... 0 -325 -495 -118 -75 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1,013 1,013 Estimated Outlays......... 12 -51 -155 -137 -137 -125 -113 -55 -20 -5 0 -593 -786 Subtitle D, Conservation Stewardship Program: Sections 2301-2302: Budget Authority.......... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Estimated Outlays......... 3 11 11 7 8 7 2 0 0 0 0 47 49 Subtitle E, Other Conservation Programs: Section 2402, Feral Swine Eradication and Control Program: Budget Authority.......... 56 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 56 56 Estimated Outlays......... 7 7 11 12 10 9 0 0 0 0 0 56 56 Section 2403. Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act: Budget Authority.......... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Estimated Outlays......... 0 9 14 13 11 3 0 1 1 1 1 50 54 Section 2404, Emergency Conservation Program: Budget Authority.......... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Estimated Outlays......... 0 1 9 20 13 0 -11 -14 -14 -4 0 43 0 Section 2405, Emergency Watershed Program: Budget Authority.......... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Estimated Outlays......... 1 2 3 5 5 0 -1 0 0 0 0 16 15 Subtotal, Subtitle E: Budget Authority.......... 56 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 56 56 Estimated Outlays......... 8 19 37 50 39 12 -12 -13 -13 -3 1 165 125 Subtitle F, Funding and Administration: Section 2501 (a)(1)(A), Farm Management Incentive Payments: Budget Authority.......... 0 3 3 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 12 ]2 Estimated Outlays......... 0 3 3 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 12 12 Sequestration Adjustment: Budget Authority.......... 0 0 * * * -1 * 0 0 0 0 -1 -1 Estimated Outlays......... 0 0 * * * -1 * 0 0 0 0 -1 -1 Subtotal, Section 2501 (a)(1)(A): Budget Authority.......... 0 3 3 2 2 1 * 0 0 0 0 11 11 Estimated Outlays......... 0 3 3 2 2 1 * 0 0 0 0 11 11 Section 2501(a)(1)(B), Transition Option for Certain Farmers: Budget Authority.......... 0 10 10 10 10 10 0 0 0 O O 50 50 Estimated Outlays......... 0 10 10 10 10 10 0 0 0 O O 50 50 Sequestration Adjustment: Budget Authority.......... 0 0 -1 -1 * -1 * 0 0 0 0 -3 -3 Estimated Outlays......... 0 0 -1 -1 * -1 * 0 0 0 0 -3 -3 Subtotal, Section 2501(a)(1)(B): Budget Authority.......... 0 10 9 9 10 9 * 0 0 0 0 47 47 Estimated Outlays......... 0 10 9 9 10 9 * 0 0 0 0 47 47 Subtotal, Subtitle F: Budget Authority.......... 0 13 12 11 12 10 * 0 0 0 0 58 58 Estimated Outlays......... 0 13 12 11 12 10 * 0 0 0 0 58 58 Subtitle G, Agricultural Conservation Easement Program: Sections 2601-2604(b)(1): Budget Authority.......... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Estimated Outlays......... 7 28 30 38 27 9 7 2 0 0 0 139 148 Section 2604(b)(2), ACEP AGI Provision: Budget Authority.......... 0 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 35 70 Estimated Outlays......... 0 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 35 70 Sequestration Adjustment: Budget Authority.......... 0 0 * * -1 * -1 0 0 0 0 -1 -2 Estimated Outlays......... 0 0 * * -1 * -1 0 0 0 0 -1 -2 Subtotal, Section 2604(b)(2): Budget Authority.......... 0 7 7 7 6 7 6 7 7 7 7 34 68 Estimated Outlays......... 0 7 7 7 6 7 6 7 7 7 7 34 68 Subtotal, Subtitle G: Budget Authority.......... 0 7 7 7 6 7 6 7 7 7 7 34 68 Estimated Outlays......... 7 35 37 45 33 16 13 9 7 7 7 173 216 Subtitle H, Forest Conservation Easement Program: Sections 2701-2702: Budget Authority.......... 0 23 52 50 50 65 0 0 0 0 0 240 240 Estimated Outlays......... 0 13 38 49 50 59 27 4 0 0 0 209 240 Sequestration Adjustment: Budget Authority.......... 0 0 -3 -3 -3 -4 0 0 0 0 0 -13 -13 Estimated Outlays......... 0 0 -2 -3 -3 -3 -2 0 0 0 0 -11 -13 Subtotal, Sections 2701-2702: Budget Authority.......... 0 23 49 47 47 61 0 0 0 0 0 227 227 Estimated Outlays......... 0 13 36 46 47 56 25 4 0 0 0 198 227 Subtotal, Subtitle H: Budget Authority.......... 0 23 49 47 47 61 0 0 0 0 0 227 227 Estimated Outlays......... 0 13 36 46 47 56 25 4 0 0 0 198 227 Subtitle I, Regional Conservation Partnership Program: Sections 2801-2807: Budget Authority.......... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Estimated Outlays......... 2 10 11 10 10 10 11 11 11 12 12 53 110 Total Changes Excluding Sequestration: Budget Authority.......... 56 -282 -453 -56 -11 84 7 7 7 7 7 -662 -627 Estimated Outlays......... 32 50 -17 28 8 -17 -74 -44 -15 11 20 84 -18 Total Sequestration Adjustment: Budget Authority.......... 0 0 26 3 1 -6 -1 0 0 0 0 24 23 Estimated Outlays......... 0 0 6 4 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 17 17 Total Changes in Direct Spending: Budget Authority.......... 56 -282 -427 -53 -10 78 6 7 7 7 7 -638 -604 Estimated Outlays......... 32 50 -11 32 12 -14 -74 -44 -15 11 20 101 -1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Budget authority includes specified and estimated amounts. Budget authority and outlays are estimated relative to CBO's February 2026 baseline. ACEP = Agricultural Conservation Easement Program; AGI = adjusted gross income; * = between -$500,000 and $500,000. a Section 2501(a)(2) is in subtitle F, Funding and Administration. b Includes section 2501(a)(2) in subtitle F, Funding and Administration. TABLE 6--ESTIMATED CHANGES IN DIRECT SPENDING UNDER TITLE III, TRADE -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- By fiscal year, millions of dollars-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2026- 2026- 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2031 2036 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Section 3201, Agricultural Trade: Promotion and Facilitation: Estimated Budget Authority................ 0 -40 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -68 -103 Estimated Outlays......................... 0 -40 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -68 -103 Sequestration Adjustment: Estimated Budget Authority................ 0 31 * 1 * 1 * 0 0 0 0 33 33 Estimated Outlays......................... 0 31 * 1 * 1 * 0 0 0 0 33 33 Subtotal, Section 3201: Estimated Budget Authority................ 0 -9 -7 -6 -7 -6 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -35 -70 Estimated Outlays......................... 0 -9 -7 -6 -7 -6 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -35 -70 Section. 3303. Bill Emerson Humanitarian Trust Act: Estimated Budget Authority................ 0 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0 0 0 70 70 Estimated Outlays......................... 0 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0 0 0 70 70 Total Changes: Estimated Budget Authority................ 0 5 7 8 7 8 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 35 0 Estimated Outlays......................... 0 5 7 8 7 8 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 35 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Budget authority includes specified and estimated amounts. Budget authority and outlays are estimated relative to CBC's February 2026 baseline. * = between zero and $500,000. TABLE 7--ESTIMATED CHANGES IN DIRECT SPENDING UNDER TITLE IX, ENERGY -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- By fiscal year, millions of dollars-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2026- 2026- 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2031 2036 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Section 9002, Biobased Markets Program: Budget Authority.......................... 3 3 3 3 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 18 18 Estimated Outlays......................... 1 3 3 3 3 3 2 0 0 0 0 16 18 Section 9003, Biorefinery Assistance: Budget Authority.......................... -18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -18 -18 Estimated OutFays......................... * -10 -5 -3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -18 -18 Total Changes: Budget Authority.......................... -15 3 3 3 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Estimated Outlays......................... 1 -7 -2 * 3 3 2 0 0 0 0 -2 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Budget authority includes specified and estimated amounts. Budget authority and outlays are estimated relative to CBC's February 2026 baseline. * = between -$500,000 and $500,000. CBO also estimates that implementing title IX would increase spending subject to appropriation by $500 million over the 2027-2031 period and $200
million after 2031. Any related spending would be subject to the availability of appropriated funds.
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