No political experience information on file.

No caucus information on file.

Presiding Judge, Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review, 2018-present

Judge, Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review, 2013-present

Judge, United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, 1994-present

Nominated by President William J. Clinton, Judge, United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, May 24, 1994

Confirmed by the United States Senate, Judge, United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, August 9, 1994

Judge, United States District Court, District of Connecticut, 1979-1994

Chief Judge, United States District Court, District of Connecticut, 1992-1994

Confirmed by the United States Senate, Judge, United States District Court, District of Connecticut, December 5, 1979

Nominated by President Jimmy Carter, Judge, United States District Court, District of Connecticut, November 6, 1979

General Counsel/Director of Government Relations, Yale University, 1975-1979

Special Counsel, Governor Rafael Hernandez Colon, Puerto Rico, Washington, District of Columbia, 1973-1975

Associate Professor of Law, Rutgers University School of Law, 1971-1973

Attorney, Private Practice, New York City, 1967-1971

Supervisor in Law, Queens' College, University of Cambridge, England, 1966-1967

Emeritus Trustee, Colgate University, present

Emeritus Trustee, Columbia University, present

Member, American Academy of Arts and Sciences

Fellow, American Bar Foundation

Chair, Board of Directors, Aspira of New York

Chair, Board of Directors, Puerto Rican Legal Defense and Education Fund

Founding Member, Puerto Rican Legal Defense and Education Fund

Member, Federal Judicial Center Board, 1986-1990

Successor Trustee, Yale University (Fellow of the Yale Corporation), 1987-1989

Appointed by Chief Justice Rehnquist, Member, Federal Courts Study Committee, 1988

Awards:

Learned Hand Medal for Excellence in Federal Jurisprudence of the Federal Bar Council in 2000

Publications:

Citizenship and the American Empire (Yale University Press, 1979), a legislative history of the United States citizenship of the people of Puerto Rico
Co-authored (with Kate Stith) of Fear of Judging: Sentencing Guidelines in the Federal Courts (University of Chicago Press, 1998) (Certificate of Merit of the American Bar Association, 1999)
Author of articles in various law journals