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2025 National Business and Consumers Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
April 10, 2025 National PN 12-29 Nomination of Mark Meador to be a Federal Trade Commissioner Nomination Confirmed - Senate (50 - 46)
April 10, 2025 National PN 12-29 Nomination of Mark Meador to be a Federal Trade Commissioner Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 46)
April 9, 2025 National S J Res 18 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Overdraft Lending: Very Large Financial Institutions". Joint Resolution Passed - House (217 - 211)
April 9, 2025 National S J Res 18 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Overdraft Lending: Very Large Financial Institutions". Joint Resolution Passed - House (217 - 211)
April 9, 2025 National PN 12-18 Nomination of Paul Atkins to be a Member of the Securities and Exchange Commission Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 44)
April 9, 2025 National S J Res 28 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Defining Larger Participants of a Market for General-Use Digital Consumer Payment Applications". Joint Resolution Passed - House (219 - 211)
April 9, 2025 National S J Res 28 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Defining Larger Participants of a Market for General-Use Digital Consumer Payment Applications". Joint Resolution Passed - House (219 - 211)
April 9, 2025 National PN 12-18 Nomination of Paul Atkins to be a Member of the Securities and Exchange Commission Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 45)
April 2, 2025 National H J Res 24 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Walk-In Coolers and Walk-In Freezers". Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 46)
April 2, 2025 National S J Res 37 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose duties on articles imported from Canada. Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (51 - 48)
March 27, 2025 National S J Res 18 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Overdraft Lending: Very Large Financial Institutions". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 48)
March 27, 2025 National S J Res 18 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Overdraft Lending: Very Large Financial Institutions". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 48)
March 27, 2025 National H J Res 24 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Walk-In Coolers and Walk-In Freezers". Joint Resolution Passed - House (203 - 182)
March 27, 2025 National H J Res 75 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Commercial Refrigerators, Freezers, and Refrigerator- Freezers". Joint Resolution Passed - House (214 - 193)
March 26, 2025 National H J Res 25 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Internal Revenue Service relating to "Gross Proceeds Reporting by Brokers That Regularly Provide Services Effectuating Digital Asset Sales". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (70 - 28)
March 26, 2025 National PN 12-15 Nomination of Michael Faulkender to be Deputy Secretary of the Treasury Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 43)
March 26, 2025 National H J Res 25 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Internal Revenue Service relating to "Gross Proceeds Reporting by Brokers That Regularly Provide Services Effectuating Digital Asset Sales". Motion Agreed - Senate (70 - 28)
March 26, 2025 National PN 12-15 Nomination of Michael Faulkender to be Deputy Secretary of the Treasury Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 46)
March 26, 2025 National S J Res 18 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Overdraft Lending: Very Large Financial Institutions". Motion Agreed - Senate (52 - 47)
March 26, 2025 National S J Res 18 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Overdraft Lending: Very Large Financial Institutions". Motion Agreed - Senate (52 - 47)
March 11, 2025 National H J Res 25 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Internal Revenue Service relating to "Gross Proceeds Reporting by Brokers That Regularly Provide Services Effectuating Digital Asset Sales". Joint Resolution Passed - House (292 - 132)
March 5, 2025 National H J Res 42 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program for Appliance Standards: Certification Requirements, Labeling Requirements, and Enforcement Provisions for Certain Consumer Products and Commercial Equipment". Joint Resolution Passed - House (222 - 203)
March 5, 2025 National H J Res 61 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants: Rubber Tire Manufacturing". Joint Resolution Passed - House (216 - 202)
March 4, 2025 National S J Res 3 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Internal Revenue Service relating to "Gross Proceeds Reporting by Brokers That Regularly Provide Services Effectuating Digital Asset Sales". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (70 - 27)
March 4, 2025 National S J Res 3 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Internal Revenue Service relating to "Gross Proceeds Reporting by Brokers That Regularly Provide Services Effectuating Digital Asset Sales". Motion Agreed - Senate (70 - 28)
March 4, 2025 National S J Res 28 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Defining Larger Participants of a Market for General-Use Digital Consumer Payment Applications". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 47)
March 4, 2025 National S J Res 28 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Defining Larger Participants of a Market for General-Use Digital Consumer Payment Applications". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 47)
Feb. 26, 2025 National PN 11-17 Nomination of Jamieson Greer to be U.S. Trade Representative Nomination Confirmed - Senate (56 - 43)
Feb. 25, 2025 National HR 788 DOE and SBA Research Act Bill Passed - House (427 - 3)
Feb. 25, 2025 National HR 804 Rural Small Business Resilience Act Bill Passed - House (415 - 8)
Feb. 24, 2025 National HR 818 Small Business Procurement and Utilization Reform (SPUR) Act Bill Passed - House (384 - 25)
Feb. 24, 2025 National HR 832 Small Business Advocacy Improvements Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (396 - 15)
Feb. 19, 2025 National PN 11-18 Nomination of Kelly Loeffler to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 46)
Feb. 18, 2025 National PN 11-9 Nomination of Howard Lutnick to be Secretary of Commerce Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 45)
Feb. 13, 2025 National PN 11-9 Nomination of Howard Lutnick to be Secretary of Commerce Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 45)
Feb. 13, 2025 National PN 11-18 Nomination of Kelly Loeffler to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 43)
Feb. 12, 2025 National HR 77 Midnight Rules Relief Act Bill Passed - House (212 - 208)
Feb. 10, 2025 National HR 736 Protect Small Businesses from Excessive Paperwork Act Bill Passed - House (408 - 0)
Feb. 10, 2025 National HR 736 Protect Small Businesses from Excessive Paperwork Act Bill Passed - House (408 - 0)
Feb. 6, 2025 National PN 11-9 Nomination of Howard Lutnick to be Secretary of Commerce Motion Agreed - Senate (52 - 46)
Feb. 6, 2025 National PN 11-18 Nomination of Kelly Loeffler to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration Motion Agreed - Senate (53 - 45)
Jan. 27, 2025 National PN 11-1 Nomination of Scott Bessent to be Secretary of the Treasury Nomination Confirmed - Senate (68 - 29)
Jan. 25, 2025 National PN 11-1 Nomination of Scott Bessent to be Secretary of the Treasury Cloture Invoked - Senate (67 - 23)
Jan. 13, 2025 National HR 192 Amtrak Executive Bonus Disclosure Act Bill Passed - House (407 - 0)
Jan. 13, 2025 National HR 192 Amtrak Executive Bonus Disclosure Act Bill Passed - House (407 - 0)
Date No. Title Outcome
4/10 PN 12-29 Nomination of Mark Meador to be a Federal Trade Commissioner Nomination Confirmed - Senate (50 - 46)
4/10 PN 12-29 Nomination of Mark Meador to be a Federal Trade Commissioner Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 46)
4/09 S J Res 18 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Overdraft Lending: Very Large Financial Institutions". Joint Resolution Passed - House (217 - 211)
4/09 S J Res 18 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Overdraft Lending: Very Large Financial Institutions". Joint Resolution Passed - House (217 - 211)
4/09 PN 12-18 Nomination of Paul Atkins to be a Member of the Securities and Exchange Commission Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 44)
4/09 S J Res 28 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Defining Larger Participants of a Market for General-Use Digital Consumer Payment Applications". Joint Resolution Passed - House (219 - 211)
4/09 S J Res 28 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Defining Larger Participants of a Market for General-Use Digital Consumer Payment Applications". Joint Resolution Passed - House (219 - 211)
4/09 PN 12-18 Nomination of Paul Atkins to be a Member of the Securities and Exchange Commission Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 45)
4/02 H J Res 24 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Walk-In Coolers and Walk-In Freezers". Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 46)
4/02 S J Res 37 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose duties on articles imported from Canada. Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (51 - 48)
3/27 S J Res 18 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Overdraft Lending: Very Large Financial Institutions". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 48)
3/27 S J Res 18 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Overdraft Lending: Very Large Financial Institutions". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 48)
3/27 H J Res 24 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Walk-In Coolers and Walk-In Freezers". Joint Resolution Passed - House (203 - 182)
3/27 H J Res 75 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Commercial Refrigerators, Freezers, and Refrigerator- Freezers". Joint Resolution Passed - House (214 - 193)
3/26 H J Res 25 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Internal Revenue Service relating to "Gross Proceeds Reporting by Brokers That Regularly Provide Services Effectuating Digital Asset Sales". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (70 - 28)
3/26 PN 12-15 Nomination of Michael Faulkender to be Deputy Secretary of the Treasury Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 43)
3/26 H J Res 25 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Internal Revenue Service relating to "Gross Proceeds Reporting by Brokers That Regularly Provide Services Effectuating Digital Asset Sales". Motion Agreed - Senate (70 - 28)
3/26 PN 12-15 Nomination of Michael Faulkender to be Deputy Secretary of the Treasury Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 46)
3/26 S J Res 18 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Overdraft Lending: Very Large Financial Institutions". Motion Agreed - Senate (52 - 47)
3/26 S J Res 18 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Overdraft Lending: Very Large Financial Institutions". Motion Agreed - Senate (52 - 47)
3/11 H J Res 25 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Internal Revenue Service relating to "Gross Proceeds Reporting by Brokers That Regularly Provide Services Effectuating Digital Asset Sales". Joint Resolution Passed - House (292 - 132)
3/05 H J Res 42 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program for Appliance Standards: Certification Requirements, Labeling Requirements, and Enforcement Provisions for Certain Consumer Products and Commercial Equipment". Joint Resolution Passed - House (222 - 203)
3/05 H J Res 61 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants: Rubber Tire Manufacturing". Joint Resolution Passed - House (216 - 202)
3/04 S J Res 3 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Internal Revenue Service relating to "Gross Proceeds Reporting by Brokers That Regularly Provide Services Effectuating Digital Asset Sales". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (70 - 27)
3/04 S J Res 3 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Internal Revenue Service relating to "Gross Proceeds Reporting by Brokers That Regularly Provide Services Effectuating Digital Asset Sales". Motion Agreed - Senate (70 - 28)
3/04 S J Res 28 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Defining Larger Participants of a Market for General-Use Digital Consumer Payment Applications". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 47)
3/04 S J Res 28 A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Defining Larger Participants of a Market for General-Use Digital Consumer Payment Applications". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 47)
2/26 PN 11-17 Nomination of Jamieson Greer to be U.S. Trade Representative Nomination Confirmed - Senate (56 - 43)
2/25 HR 788 DOE and SBA Research Act Bill Passed - House (427 - 3)
2/25 HR 804 Rural Small Business Resilience Act Bill Passed - House (415 - 8)
2/24 HR 818 Small Business Procurement and Utilization Reform (SPUR) Act Bill Passed - House (384 - 25)
2/24 HR 832 Small Business Advocacy Improvements Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (396 - 15)
2/19 PN 11-18 Nomination of Kelly Loeffler to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 46)
2/18 PN 11-9 Nomination of Howard Lutnick to be Secretary of Commerce Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 45)
2/13 PN 11-9 Nomination of Howard Lutnick to be Secretary of Commerce Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 45)
2/13 PN 11-18 Nomination of Kelly Loeffler to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 43)
2/12 HR 77 Midnight Rules Relief Act Bill Passed - House (212 - 208)
2/10 HR 736 Protect Small Businesses from Excessive Paperwork Act Bill Passed - House (408 - 0)
2/10 HR 736 Protect Small Businesses from Excessive Paperwork Act Bill Passed - House (408 - 0)
2/06 PN 11-9 Nomination of Howard Lutnick to be Secretary of Commerce Motion Agreed - Senate (52 - 46)
2/06 PN 11-18 Nomination of Kelly Loeffler to be Administrator of the Small Business Administration Motion Agreed - Senate (53 - 45)
1/27 PN 11-1 Nomination of Scott Bessent to be Secretary of the Treasury Nomination Confirmed - Senate (68 - 29)
1/25 PN 11-1 Nomination of Scott Bessent to be Secretary of the Treasury Cloture Invoked - Senate (67 - 23)
1/13 HR 192 Amtrak Executive Bonus Disclosure Act Bill Passed - House (407 - 0)
1/13 HR 192 Amtrak Executive Bonus Disclosure Act Bill Passed - House (407 - 0)
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