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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Jan. 21, 1997 National H Res 31 Ethics Report on Newt Gingrich Resolution Passed - House (395 - 28)
Sept. 27, 1996 National HR 3539 Federal Aviation Authorization Act of 1996 Conference Report Adopted - House (218 - 198)
Aug. 2, 1996 National S 1316 Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments of 1995 Conference Report Adopted - House (392 - 30)
Aug. 1, 1996 National HR 123 English as the National Language Bill Passed - House (259 - 169)
July 31, 1996 National HR 3734 Welfare Reform Act of 1996 Conference Report Adopted - House (328 - 101)
July 22, 1996 National H Amdt 1309 Non-Federally Funded Abortions Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (176 - 223)
July 18, 1996 National HR 3734 Welfare Reform Act of 1996 Bill Passed - House (256 - 170)
July 12, 1996 National H Amdt 1286 Definition of Marriage Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (103 - 311)
July 12, 1996 National HR 3396 Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) Bill Passed - House (342 - 67)
June 27, 1996 National H Res 468 Investigation of Speaker Newt Gingrich Resolution Tabled - House (229 - 170)
June 20, 1996 National H Amdt 1190 Tribal Land Trust Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (212 - 206)
June 6, 1996 National H Amdt 1133 Wisconsin Welfare Reform Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (194 - 233)
June 6, 1996 National HR 3562 Wisconsin Welfare Reform Bill Bill Passed - House (289 - 136)
May 22, 1996 National H Amdt 1075 Disclosure of Intelligence Spending Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (176 - 248)
May 9, 1996 National HR 956 Product Liability bill Veto Override Failed - House (258 - 163)
March 29, 1996 National HR 956 Product Liability bill Conference Report Adopted - House (259 - 158)
March 20, 1996 National H Amdt 969 Denying Public Education to Undocumented Immigrants Amendment Adopted - House (257 - 163)
March 7, 1996 National H Amdt 946 Medicaid Funded Abortions Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (198 - 222)
March 7, 1996 National H Amdt 947 Lobby Disclosure Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (211 - 209)
Feb. 28, 1996 National H Amdt 935 Dairy Program Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (258 - 164)
Dec. 21, 1995 National HR 4 Welfare Reform Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (245 - 178)
Nov. 29, 1995 National HR 2564 Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 Bill Passed - House (421 - 0)
Nov. 28, 1995 National H Amdt 903 Prohibit Federal Funds for Lobbying Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (190 - 238)
Nov. 28, 1995 National H Amdt 903 Prohibit Federal Funds for Lobbying Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (190 - 238)
Nov. 15, 1995 National HR 2020 Appropriations bill FY96, Treasury, Postal Service Conference Report Adopted - House (374 - 52)
Nov. 2, 1995 National HR 2546 Appropriations Bill FY 96, District of Columbia Bill Passed - House (224 - 191)
Oct. 31, 1995 National HR 2492 Appropriations Bill FY96, Legislative Branch Bill Passed - House (315 - 106)
Sept. 20, 1995 National H Amdt 814 Drinking and Driving Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (223 - 203)
July 19, 1995 National HR 2020 Appropriations bill FY96, Treasury, Postal Service Bill Passed - House (216 - 211)
June 28, 1995 National H J Res 79 Flag Desecration bill Joint Resolution Passed - House (312 - 120)
May 16, 1995 National HR 961 Comprehensive Wetlands Conservation and Management Act Bill Passed - House (240 - 185)
March 29, 1995 National H J Res 73 Term Limits bill Joint Resolution Failed - House (227 - 204)
March 24, 1995 National HR 4 Welfare Reform Bill Bill Passed - House (234 - 199)
Feb. 28, 1995 National HR 1022 Risk Assessment and Cost-Benefit Act of 1995 Bill Passed - House (286 - 141)
Feb. 14, 1995 National HR 728 Anti-Crime bill Bill Passed - House (238 - 192)
Feb. 6, 1995 National HR 2 Line Item Veto Act Bill Passed - House (294 - 134)
Jan. 26, 1995 National H J Res 1 Balanced Budget Proposed Constitutional Amendment Joint Resolution Passed - House (300 - 132)
July 14, 1994 National H Amdt 755 Federal Land Appraisals Amendment Adopted - House (281 - 148)
July 13, 1994 National HR 4649 District of Columbia FY95 Appropriations Bill Bill Passed - House (213 - 210)
June 16, 1994 National H Amdt 645 Interstate Commerce Commission Funding Amendment Adopted - House (234 - 192)
June 9, 1994 National H Amdt 611 Lifting Arms Embargo on Bosnia Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (244 - 178)
May 26, 1994 National HR 4454 Legislative Branch FY95 Appropriations Bill Bill Passed - House (210 - 205)
March 24, 1994 National H Amdt 497 Funding and Programs Substitute Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (173 - 245)
March 17, 1994 National H J Res 103 Balanced Budget Amendment Joint Resolution Failed - House (271 - 153)
Feb. 10, 1994 National H Amdt 436 Bryant Amendment to Independent Counsel Reauthorization Act of 1993 Amendment Adopted - House (230 - 188)
Nov. 22, 1993 National H Amdt 415 Sabo Amendment to the Government Reform and Savings Act of 1993 Amendment Adopted - House (277 - 153)
Nov. 22, 1993 National H Amdt 416 Penny Amendment to the Government Reform and Savings Act of 1993 Amendment Rejected - House (213 - 219)
Nov. 21, 1993 National HR 51 D.C. Statehood Bill Bill Failed - House (153 - 277)
Oct. 27, 1993 National HR 2492 District of Columbia Fiscal Year 1994 Appropriations Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (225 - 201)
July 1, 1993 National HR 2118 Supplemental Appropriations Act of 1993 Conference Report Adopted - House (280 - 138)
June 30, 1993 National H Amdt 188 DC's Domestic Partners Ordinance Amendment Adopted - House (253 - 167)
June 30, 1993 National HR 2492 District of Columbia Fiscal Year 1994 Appropriations Bill Bill Passed - House (213 - 211)
June 23, 1993 National H Amdt 134 Space Station Termination Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (215 - 216)
June 10, 1993 National HR 2348 Legislative Branch FY94 Appropriations Bill Bill Passed - House (224 - 187)
May 26, 1993 National HR 2118 Supplemental Appropriations Act of 1993 Bill Passed - House (300 - 125)
May 5, 1993 National HR 2 Motor Voter Registration Conference Report Adopted - House (259 - 164)
March 11, 1993 National HR 4 Fetal Tissue Research Bill Bill Passed - House (283 - 131)
March 3, 1993 National HR 20 Hatch Act Reform Bill Bill Passed - House (333 - 86)
Feb. 4, 1993 National HR 2 Motor Voter Registration Bill Passed - House (259 - 160)
Sept. 30, 1992 National HR 5318 Conditional Extension of Most-Favored-Nation Trade Status to China Veto Override Passed - House (345 - 74)
July 21, 1992 National HR 5318 Conditional Extension of Most-Favored-Nation Trade Status to China Bill Passed - House (339 - 62)
April 29, 1992 National H Amdt 506 Eliminating Space Station Freedom Funding Amendment Rejected - House (159 - 254)
April 29, 1992 National H Res 441 House Bank Records - Comply with Subpoena Resolution Passed - House (347 - 64)
April 9, 1992 National H Res 423 House Administrative Reforms Resolution Passed - House (269 - 81)
Date No. Title Outcome
1/21 H Res 31 Ethics Report on Newt Gingrich Resolution Passed - House (395 - 28)
9/27 HR 3539 Federal Aviation Authorization Act of 1996 Conference Report Adopted - House (218 - 198)
8/02 S 1316 Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments of 1995 Conference Report Adopted - House (392 - 30)
8/01 HR 123 English as the National Language Bill Passed - House (259 - 169)
7/31 HR 3734 Welfare Reform Act of 1996 Conference Report Adopted - House (328 - 101)
7/22 H Amdt 1309 Non-Federally Funded Abortions Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (176 - 223)
7/18 HR 3734 Welfare Reform Act of 1996 Bill Passed - House (256 - 170)
7/12 H Amdt 1286 Definition of Marriage Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (103 - 311)
7/12 HR 3396 Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) Bill Passed - House (342 - 67)
6/27 H Res 468 Investigation of Speaker Newt Gingrich Resolution Tabled - House (229 - 170)
6/20 H Amdt 1190 Tribal Land Trust Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (212 - 206)
6/06 H Amdt 1133 Wisconsin Welfare Reform Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (194 - 233)
6/06 HR 3562 Wisconsin Welfare Reform Bill Bill Passed - House (289 - 136)
5/22 H Amdt 1075 Disclosure of Intelligence Spending Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (176 - 248)
5/09 HR 956 Product Liability bill Veto Override Failed - House (258 - 163)
3/29 HR 956 Product Liability bill Conference Report Adopted - House (259 - 158)
3/20 H Amdt 969 Denying Public Education to Undocumented Immigrants Amendment Adopted - House (257 - 163)
3/07 H Amdt 946 Medicaid Funded Abortions Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (198 - 222)
3/07 H Amdt 947 Lobby Disclosure Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (211 - 209)
2/28 H Amdt 935 Dairy Program Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (258 - 164)
12/21 HR 4 Welfare Reform Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (245 - 178)
11/29 HR 2564 Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 Bill Passed - House (421 - 0)
11/28 H Amdt 903 Prohibit Federal Funds for Lobbying Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (190 - 238)
11/28 H Amdt 903 Prohibit Federal Funds for Lobbying Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (190 - 238)
11/15 HR 2020 Appropriations bill FY96, Treasury, Postal Service Conference Report Adopted - House (374 - 52)
11/02 HR 2546 Appropriations Bill FY 96, District of Columbia Bill Passed - House (224 - 191)
10/31 HR 2492 Appropriations Bill FY96, Legislative Branch Bill Passed - House (315 - 106)
9/20 H Amdt 814 Drinking and Driving Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (223 - 203)
7/19 HR 2020 Appropriations bill FY96, Treasury, Postal Service Bill Passed - House (216 - 211)
6/28 H J Res 79 Flag Desecration bill Joint Resolution Passed - House (312 - 120)
5/16 HR 961 Comprehensive Wetlands Conservation and Management Act Bill Passed - House (240 - 185)
3/29 H J Res 73 Term Limits bill Joint Resolution Failed - House (227 - 204)
3/24 HR 4 Welfare Reform Bill Bill Passed - House (234 - 199)
2/28 HR 1022 Risk Assessment and Cost-Benefit Act of 1995 Bill Passed - House (286 - 141)
2/14 HR 728 Anti-Crime bill Bill Passed - House (238 - 192)
2/06 HR 2 Line Item Veto Act Bill Passed - House (294 - 134)
1/26 H J Res 1 Balanced Budget Proposed Constitutional Amendment Joint Resolution Passed - House (300 - 132)
7/14 H Amdt 755 Federal Land Appraisals Amendment Adopted - House (281 - 148)
7/13 HR 4649 District of Columbia FY95 Appropriations Bill Bill Passed - House (213 - 210)
6/16 H Amdt 645 Interstate Commerce Commission Funding Amendment Adopted - House (234 - 192)
6/09 H Amdt 611 Lifting Arms Embargo on Bosnia Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (244 - 178)
5/26 HR 4454 Legislative Branch FY95 Appropriations Bill Bill Passed - House (210 - 205)
3/24 H Amdt 497 Funding and Programs Substitute Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (173 - 245)
3/17 H J Res 103 Balanced Budget Amendment Joint Resolution Failed - House (271 - 153)
2/10 H Amdt 436 Bryant Amendment to Independent Counsel Reauthorization Act of 1993 Amendment Adopted - House (230 - 188)
11/22 H Amdt 415 Sabo Amendment to the Government Reform and Savings Act of 1993 Amendment Adopted - House (277 - 153)
11/22 H Amdt 416 Penny Amendment to the Government Reform and Savings Act of 1993 Amendment Rejected - House (213 - 219)
11/21 HR 51 D.C. Statehood Bill Bill Failed - House (153 - 277)
10/27 HR 2492 District of Columbia Fiscal Year 1994 Appropriations Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (225 - 201)
7/01 HR 2118 Supplemental Appropriations Act of 1993 Conference Report Adopted - House (280 - 138)
6/30 H Amdt 188 DC's Domestic Partners Ordinance Amendment Adopted - House (253 - 167)
6/30 HR 2492 District of Columbia Fiscal Year 1994 Appropriations Bill Bill Passed - House (213 - 211)
6/23 H Amdt 134 Space Station Termination Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (215 - 216)
6/10 HR 2348 Legislative Branch FY94 Appropriations Bill Bill Passed - House (224 - 187)
5/26 HR 2118 Supplemental Appropriations Act of 1993 Bill Passed - House (300 - 125)
5/05 HR 2 Motor Voter Registration Conference Report Adopted - House (259 - 164)
3/11 HR 4 Fetal Tissue Research Bill Bill Passed - House (283 - 131)
3/03 HR 20 Hatch Act Reform Bill Bill Passed - House (333 - 86)
2/04 HR 2 Motor Voter Registration Bill Passed - House (259 - 160)
9/30 HR 5318 Conditional Extension of Most-Favored-Nation Trade Status to China Veto Override Passed - House (345 - 74)
7/21 HR 5318 Conditional Extension of Most-Favored-Nation Trade Status to China Bill Passed - House (339 - 62)
4/29 H Amdt 506 Eliminating Space Station Freedom Funding Amendment Rejected - House (159 - 254)
4/29 H Res 441 House Bank Records - Comply with Subpoena Resolution Passed - House (347 - 64)
4/09 H Res 423 House Administrative Reforms Resolution Passed - House (269 - 81)
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