National Government Operations Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Nov. 18, 2003 National HR 2754 Energy and Water Appropriations, FY 2004 bill Conference Report Adopted - House (387 - 36)
Oct. 16, 2003 National H Res 198 Iraq's Reconstruction Resolution Resolution Passed - House (394 - 31)
Sept. 24, 2003 National HR 2657 Emergency Supplemental Appropriation, FY 2003 bill Conference Report Adopted - House (371 - 56)
July 9, 2003 National HR 2657 Emergency Supplemental Appropriation, FY 2003 bill Bill Passed - House (394 - 26)
June 3, 2003 National H J Res 4 Flag Burning Resolution Bill Passed - House (300 - 125)
April 11, 2003 National H Con Res 95 Congressional Budget for fiscal year 2004 Conference Report Adopted - House (216 - 211)
March 21, 2003 National H Con Res 95 Congressional Budget for fiscal year 2004 Resolution Passed - House (215 - 212)
March 13, 2003 National HR 5 Malpractice Liability bill Bill Passed - House (229 - 196)
Feb. 13, 2003 National H J Res 2 Consolidated Appropriations Resolution, 2003 Conference Report Adopted - House (338 - 83)
Oct. 10, 2002 National HR 3295 Help America Vote Act of 2002 Conference Report Adopted - House (357 - 48)
Oct. 10, 2002 National HR 3295 Help America Vote Act of 2002 Conference Report Adopted - House (357 - 48)
July 26, 2002 National HR 5005 Establishing the Department of Homeland Security Bill Passed - House (295 - 132)
July 24, 2002 National HR 5120 Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act, 2002 Bill Passed - House (308 - 121)
July 24, 2002 National H Res 495 Expulsion of Representative James A. Traficant, Jr., D-Ohio Resolution Passed - House (420 - 1)
July 18, 2002 National HR 5121 Legislative Branch Appropriation, FY2003 Bill Passed - House (365 - 49)
Dec. 19, 2001 National HR 2506 Foreign Operations FY2002 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (357 - 66)
Dec. 6, 2001 National HR 2944 District of Columbia FY2002 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (302 - 84)
Nov. 30, 2001 National HR 2299 Department of Transportation Appropriations Act, 2002 Conference Report Adopted - House (371 - 11)
Nov. 13, 2001 National HR 2330 Agriculture FY2002 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (379 - 33)
Nov. 8, 2001 National HR 2620 Veterans Affairs and HUD Appropriations Act of 2002 Conference Report Adopted - House (401 - 18)
Nov. 1, 2001 National HR 2647 Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2002 Conference Report Adopted - House (374 - 52)
Nov. 1, 2001 National HR 2647 Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2002 Conference Report Adopted - House (374 - 52)
July 20, 2001 National HR 2216 2001 Supplemental Appropriations Act Conference Report Adopted - House (375 - 30)
May 9, 2001 National H Con Res 83 Fiscal Year 2002 Budget Resolution Conference Report Adopted - House (221 - 207)
July 20, 2000 National HR 4871 Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act, 2001 Bill Passed - House (216 - 202)
June 21, 2000 National H Amdt 858 EPA Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (208 - 216)
June 7, 2000 National H Amdt 745 San Rafael Swell Area Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (212 - 211)
June 7, 2000 National H Amdt 748 San Rafael Legacy District Motor Vehicle Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (210 - 214)
May 11, 2000 National H Amdt 694 Local Government Participation Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (187 - 238)
May 11, 2000 National HR 701 Conservation and Reinvestment Act of 1999 Bill Passed - House (315 - 102)
May 10, 2000 National HR 3709 Regarding Internet Taxation Bill Passed - House (352 - 75)
Nov. 18, 1999 National HR 3194 District of Columbia FY2000 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (296 - 135)
Nov. 5, 1999 National HR 3196 Foreign Operations FY2000 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (316 - 100)
Nov. 3, 1999 National HR 3194 District of Columbia FY2000 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (216 - 210)
Oct. 28, 1999 National HR 3064 DC/Labor/HHS/Education FY 2000 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (218 - 211)
Oct. 14, 1999 National HR 3064 District of Columbia Appropriations Act, FY 2000 Bill Passed - House (211 - 205)
Sept. 9, 1999 National HR 2587 District of Columbia FY2000 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (208 - 206)
Sept. 9, 1999 National H Con Res 180 Puerto Rican Nationals resolution Resolution Passed - House (311 - 41)
Aug. 5, 1999 National HR 2488 Financial Freedom Act of 1999 Conference Report Adopted - House (221 - 206)
Aug. 5, 1999 National HR 1905 Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2000 Conference Report Adopted - House (367 - 49)
July 29, 1999 National HR 2587 District of Columbia FY2000 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (333 - 92)
July 22, 1999 National HR 2561 Defense Department Appropriations bill, FY2000 Bill Passed - House (379 - 45)
June 24, 1999 National H J Res 33 Flag Desecration Resolution Joint Resolution Passed - House (305 - 124)
June 17, 1999 National H Amdt 200 Ten Commandments Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (248 - 180)
June 17, 1999 National HR 1501 Juvenile Justice bill Bill Passed - House (287 - 139)
June 10, 1999 National HR 1905 Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2000 Bill Passed - House (214 - 197)
May 19, 1999 National HR 1654 NASA Authorization bill Bill Passed - House (259 - 168)
April 28, 1999 National HR 1569 Military Operations in Yugoslavia Limitation Act Bill Passed - House (249 - 180)
March 25, 1999 National H Con Res 68 Congressional Budget Resolution, FY 2000 Resolution Passed - House (221 - 208)
Dec. 19, 1998 National H Res 611 Impeachment Resolution: Article One Resolution Failed - House (148 - 285)
Dec. 19, 1998 National H Res 611 Impeachment Resolution: Article One Resolution Passed - House (221 - 212)
Dec. 19, 1998 National H Res 611 Impeachment Resolution: Article One Resolution Failed - House (205 - 229)
Dec. 19, 1998 National H Res 611 Impeachment Resolution: Article One Resolution Passed - House (228 - 206)
Oct. 5, 1998 National HR 1154 Indian Federal Recognition Administrative Procedures Bill Failed - House (190 - 208)
Sept. 25, 1998 National HR 2621 Reciprocal Trade Agreement Bill Bill Failed - House (180 - 243)
Sept. 24, 1998 National HR 4112 Legislative Branch FY99 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (356 - 65)
Aug. 7, 1998 National HR 4380 District of Columbia FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (214 - 206)
Aug. 6, 1998 National H Amdt 862 Federal Campaign Finance Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (147 - 222)
Aug. 6, 1998 National H Amdt 865 Abortion Funding Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (180 - 243)
Aug. 3, 1998 National H Amdt 690 Shays Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (237 - 186)
July 30, 1998 National H Amdt 747 Voter Registration Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (165 - 260)
July 20, 1998 National H Amdt 744 Labor Political Activity Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (150 - 248)
July 16, 1998 National H Amdt 723 Increase FEC Funding Amendment Adopted - House (214 - 210)
July 15, 1998 National HR 3682 Child Custody Protection Act Bill Passed - House (276 - 150)
July 14, 1998 National H Amdt 694 Express Advocacy Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (201 - 219)
June 25, 1998 National HR 4112 Legislative Branch FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (235 - 179)
June 17, 1998 National H Amdt 688 Campaign Finance Reform Commission Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (156 - 201)
June 4, 1998 National H J Res 78 Religious Freedom Constitutional Amendment Joint Resolution Failed - House (224 - 203)
May 22, 1998 National HR 2400 Transportation Reauthorization bill Conference Report Adopted - House (297 - 86)
April 30, 1998 National S 1502 Washington, D.C. School Vouchers bill Bill Passed - House (214 - 206)
April 29, 1998 National HR 3717 Needle Exchange Funding Ban Bill Passed - House (287 - 140)
April 22, 1998 National H J Res 111 Tax Limitation Amendment Joint Resolution Failed - House (238 - 186)
April 22, 1998 National H J Res 111 Tax Limitation Amendment Joint Resolution Failed - House (238 - 186)
April 1, 1998 National HR 2400 Transportation Reauthorization bill Bill Passed - House (337 - 80)
March 18, 1998 National H Con Res 227 Bosnia and Herzegovina U.S. Troop Removal Resolution Resolution Failed - House (193 - 225)
March 4, 1998 National HR 856 Puerto Rico Political Status bill Bill Passed - House (209 - 208)
March 4, 1998 National HR 856 Puerto Rico Political Status bill Bill Passed - House (209 - 208)
Feb. 25, 1998 National H Amdt 497 Death Sentence Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (113 - 300)
Feb. 5, 1998 National HR 2631 Line Item Veto Cancellation bill Veto Override Passed - House (347 - 69)
Feb. 5, 1998 National HR 2846 National Student Testing bill Bill Passed - House (242 - 174)
Nov. 13, 1997 National H Res 301 Broadcast of Committee Witness bill Resolution Passed - House (241 - 165)
Nov. 8, 1997 National HR 2631 Line Item Veto Cancellation bill Bill Passed - House (352 - 64)
Nov. 7, 1997 National HR 2264 Appropriations bill FY98, Labor, HHS, Education Conference Report Adopted - House (352 - 65)
Nov. 7, 1997 National S 858 Intelligence FY98 Authorization bill Conference Report Adopted - House (385 - 36)
Oct. 9, 1997 National HR 2607 District of Columbia FY98 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (203 - 202)
Sept. 30, 1997 National HR 2378 Appropriations bill FY98, Treasury, Postal Service Conference Report Adopted - House (220 - 207)
Sept. 25, 1997 National HR 2266 Defense Department FY98 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (356 - 65)
Sept. 24, 1997 National HR 2209 FY 1998 Legislative Branch Appropriations Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (309 - 106)
Sept. 18, 1997 National H Res 168 House Ethics Reform Task Force Resolution Passed - House (258 - 154)
Sept. 17, 1997 National HR 2378 Appropriations bill FY98, Treasury, Postal Service Bill Passed - House (231 - 192)
July 31, 1997 National HR 2014 Budget Reconciliation Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (389 - 43)
July 29, 1997 National HR 2266 Defense Department FY98 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (322 - 105)
July 28, 1997 National HR 2209 FY 1998 Legislative Branch Appropriations Bill Bill Passed - House (214 - 203)
June 12, 1997 National H J Res 54 Flag Desecration Constitutional Amendment Joint Resolution Passed - House (310 - 114)
June 5, 1997 National H Con Res 84 Budget Resolution FY1999-2000 Conference Report Adopted - House (327 - 97)
May 21, 1997 National H Con Res 84 Budget Resolution FY1999-2000 Resolution Passed - House (333 - 99)
May 16, 1997 National HR 1385 Training Programs bill Bill Passed - House (343 - 60)
Feb. 12, 1997 National H J Res 2 Term Limits Resolution Joint Resolution Failed - House (217 - 211)
Jan. 21, 1997 National H Res 31 Ethics Report on Newt Gingrich Resolution Passed - House (395 - 28)
Sept. 27, 1996 National HR 3539 Federal Aviation Authorization Act of 1996 Conference Report Adopted - House (218 - 198)
Date No. Title Outcome
11/18 HR 2754 Energy and Water Appropriations, FY 2004 bill Conference Report Adopted - House (387 - 36)
10/16 H Res 198 Iraq's Reconstruction Resolution Resolution Passed - House (394 - 31)
9/24 HR 2657 Emergency Supplemental Appropriation, FY 2003 bill Conference Report Adopted - House (371 - 56)
7/09 HR 2657 Emergency Supplemental Appropriation, FY 2003 bill Bill Passed - House (394 - 26)
6/03 H J Res 4 Flag Burning Resolution Bill Passed - House (300 - 125)
4/11 H Con Res 95 Congressional Budget for fiscal year 2004 Conference Report Adopted - House (216 - 211)
3/21 H Con Res 95 Congressional Budget for fiscal year 2004 Resolution Passed - House (215 - 212)
3/13 HR 5 Malpractice Liability bill Bill Passed - House (229 - 196)
2/13 H J Res 2 Consolidated Appropriations Resolution, 2003 Conference Report Adopted - House (338 - 83)
10/10 HR 3295 Help America Vote Act of 2002 Conference Report Adopted - House (357 - 48)
10/10 HR 3295 Help America Vote Act of 2002 Conference Report Adopted - House (357 - 48)
7/26 HR 5005 Establishing the Department of Homeland Security Bill Passed - House (295 - 132)
7/24 HR 5120 Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act, 2002 Bill Passed - House (308 - 121)
7/24 H Res 495 Expulsion of Representative James A. Traficant, Jr., D-Ohio Resolution Passed - House (420 - 1)
7/18 HR 5121 Legislative Branch Appropriation, FY2003 Bill Passed - House (365 - 49)
12/19 HR 2506 Foreign Operations FY2002 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (357 - 66)
12/06 HR 2944 District of Columbia FY2002 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (302 - 84)
11/30 HR 2299 Department of Transportation Appropriations Act, 2002 Conference Report Adopted - House (371 - 11)
11/13 HR 2330 Agriculture FY2002 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (379 - 33)
11/08 HR 2620 Veterans Affairs and HUD Appropriations Act of 2002 Conference Report Adopted - House (401 - 18)
11/01 HR 2647 Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2002 Conference Report Adopted - House (374 - 52)
11/01 HR 2647 Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2002 Conference Report Adopted - House (374 - 52)
7/20 HR 2216 2001 Supplemental Appropriations Act Conference Report Adopted - House (375 - 30)
5/09 H Con Res 83 Fiscal Year 2002 Budget Resolution Conference Report Adopted - House (221 - 207)
7/20 HR 4871 Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act, 2001 Bill Passed - House (216 - 202)
6/21 H Amdt 858 EPA Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (208 - 216)
6/07 H Amdt 745 San Rafael Swell Area Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (212 - 211)
6/07 H Amdt 748 San Rafael Legacy District Motor Vehicle Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (210 - 214)
5/11 H Amdt 694 Local Government Participation Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (187 - 238)
5/11 HR 701 Conservation and Reinvestment Act of 1999 Bill Passed - House (315 - 102)
5/10 HR 3709 Regarding Internet Taxation Bill Passed - House (352 - 75)
11/18 HR 3194 District of Columbia FY2000 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (296 - 135)
11/05 HR 3196 Foreign Operations FY2000 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (316 - 100)
11/03 HR 3194 District of Columbia FY2000 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (216 - 210)
10/28 HR 3064 DC/Labor/HHS/Education FY 2000 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (218 - 211)
10/14 HR 3064 District of Columbia Appropriations Act, FY 2000 Bill Passed - House (211 - 205)
9/09 HR 2587 District of Columbia FY2000 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (208 - 206)
9/09 H Con Res 180 Puerto Rican Nationals resolution Resolution Passed - House (311 - 41)
8/05 HR 2488 Financial Freedom Act of 1999 Conference Report Adopted - House (221 - 206)
8/05 HR 1905 Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2000 Conference Report Adopted - House (367 - 49)
7/29 HR 2587 District of Columbia FY2000 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (333 - 92)
7/22 HR 2561 Defense Department Appropriations bill, FY2000 Bill Passed - House (379 - 45)
6/24 H J Res 33 Flag Desecration Resolution Joint Resolution Passed - House (305 - 124)
6/17 H Amdt 200 Ten Commandments Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (248 - 180)
6/17 HR 1501 Juvenile Justice bill Bill Passed - House (287 - 139)
6/10 HR 1905 Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2000 Bill Passed - House (214 - 197)
5/19 HR 1654 NASA Authorization bill Bill Passed - House (259 - 168)
4/28 HR 1569 Military Operations in Yugoslavia Limitation Act Bill Passed - House (249 - 180)
3/25 H Con Res 68 Congressional Budget Resolution, FY 2000 Resolution Passed - House (221 - 208)
12/19 H Res 611 Impeachment Resolution: Article One Resolution Failed - House (148 - 285)
12/19 H Res 611 Impeachment Resolution: Article One Resolution Passed - House (221 - 212)
12/19 H Res 611 Impeachment Resolution: Article One Resolution Failed - House (205 - 229)
12/19 H Res 611 Impeachment Resolution: Article One Resolution Passed - House (228 - 206)
10/05 HR 1154 Indian Federal Recognition Administrative Procedures Bill Failed - House (190 - 208)
9/25 HR 2621 Reciprocal Trade Agreement Bill Bill Failed - House (180 - 243)
9/24 HR 4112 Legislative Branch FY99 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (356 - 65)
8/07 HR 4380 District of Columbia FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (214 - 206)
8/06 H Amdt 862 Federal Campaign Finance Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (147 - 222)
8/06 H Amdt 865 Abortion Funding Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (180 - 243)
8/03 H Amdt 690 Shays Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (237 - 186)
7/30 H Amdt 747 Voter Registration Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (165 - 260)
7/20 H Amdt 744 Labor Political Activity Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (150 - 248)
7/16 H Amdt 723 Increase FEC Funding Amendment Adopted - House (214 - 210)
7/15 HR 3682 Child Custody Protection Act Bill Passed - House (276 - 150)
7/14 H Amdt 694 Express Advocacy Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (201 - 219)
6/25 HR 4112 Legislative Branch FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (235 - 179)
6/17 H Amdt 688 Campaign Finance Reform Commission Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (156 - 201)
6/04 H J Res 78 Religious Freedom Constitutional Amendment Joint Resolution Failed - House (224 - 203)
5/22 HR 2400 Transportation Reauthorization bill Conference Report Adopted - House (297 - 86)
4/30 S 1502 Washington, D.C. School Vouchers bill Bill Passed - House (214 - 206)
4/29 HR 3717 Needle Exchange Funding Ban Bill Passed - House (287 - 140)
4/22 H J Res 111 Tax Limitation Amendment Joint Resolution Failed - House (238 - 186)
4/22 H J Res 111 Tax Limitation Amendment Joint Resolution Failed - House (238 - 186)
4/01 HR 2400 Transportation Reauthorization bill Bill Passed - House (337 - 80)
3/18 H Con Res 227 Bosnia and Herzegovina U.S. Troop Removal Resolution Resolution Failed - House (193 - 225)
3/04 HR 856 Puerto Rico Political Status bill Bill Passed - House (209 - 208)
3/04 HR 856 Puerto Rico Political Status bill Bill Passed - House (209 - 208)
2/25 H Amdt 497 Death Sentence Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (113 - 300)
2/05 HR 2631 Line Item Veto Cancellation bill Veto Override Passed - House (347 - 69)
2/05 HR 2846 National Student Testing bill Bill Passed - House (242 - 174)
11/13 H Res 301 Broadcast of Committee Witness bill Resolution Passed - House (241 - 165)
11/08 HR 2631 Line Item Veto Cancellation bill Bill Passed - House (352 - 64)
11/07 HR 2264 Appropriations bill FY98, Labor, HHS, Education Conference Report Adopted - House (352 - 65)
11/07 S 858 Intelligence FY98 Authorization bill Conference Report Adopted - House (385 - 36)
10/09 HR 2607 District of Columbia FY98 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (203 - 202)
9/30 HR 2378 Appropriations bill FY98, Treasury, Postal Service Conference Report Adopted - House (220 - 207)
9/25 HR 2266 Defense Department FY98 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (356 - 65)
9/24 HR 2209 FY 1998 Legislative Branch Appropriations Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (309 - 106)
9/18 H Res 168 House Ethics Reform Task Force Resolution Passed - House (258 - 154)
9/17 HR 2378 Appropriations bill FY98, Treasury, Postal Service Bill Passed - House (231 - 192)
7/31 HR 2014 Budget Reconciliation Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (389 - 43)
7/29 HR 2266 Defense Department FY98 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (322 - 105)
7/28 HR 2209 FY 1998 Legislative Branch Appropriations Bill Bill Passed - House (214 - 203)
6/12 H J Res 54 Flag Desecration Constitutional Amendment Joint Resolution Passed - House (310 - 114)
6/05 H Con Res 84 Budget Resolution FY1999-2000 Conference Report Adopted - House (327 - 97)
5/21 H Con Res 84 Budget Resolution FY1999-2000 Resolution Passed - House (333 - 99)
5/16 HR 1385 Training Programs bill Bill Passed - House (343 - 60)
2/12 H J Res 2 Term Limits Resolution Joint Resolution Failed - House (217 - 211)
1/21 H Res 31 Ethics Report on Newt Gingrich Resolution Passed - House (395 - 28)
9/27 HR 3539 Federal Aviation Authorization Act of 1996 Conference Report Adopted - House (218 - 198)

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