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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Sept. 25, 2019 National HR 2203 Homeland Security Improvement Act Bill Passed - House (230 - 194)
July 23, 2019 National PN 934 Nomination of Mark Esper as the Secretary of Defense (90 - 8)
July 22, 2019 National PN 934 Nomination of Mark Esper as the Secretary of Defense Cloture Invoked - Senate (85 - 6)
July 17, 2019 National H Res 497 Recommending that The House of Representatives Find William P. Barr, Attorney General of The United States, and Wilbur L. Ross, Jr., Secretary of Commerce, in Contempt of Congress for Refusal to Comply with Subpoenas Duly Issued by The Committee on Oversight and Reform Bill Passed - House (230 - 198)
June 27, 2019 National HR 2722 Securing America's Federal Elections (SAFE) Act Bill Passed - House (225 - 184)
June 19, 2019 National PN 233 Nomination of Matthew Kacsmaryk to be U.S. District Judge for the Northern District of Texas (52 - 46)
June 11, 2019 National H Res 430 Authorizing the Committee on The Judiciary to Initiate or Intervene in Judicial Proceedings to Enforce Certain Subpoenas and For Other Purposes Bill Passed - House (229 - 191)
May 16, 2019 National PN 526 Nomination of Jeffrey Rosen to be Deputy Attorney General for the Department of Justice (52 - 45)
May 9, 2019 National HR 986 Protecting Americans with Preexisting Conditions Act of 2019 Bill Passed - House (230 - 183)
April 11, 2019 National PN 503 Nomination of David Bernhardt as the Secretary of the Interior (56 - 41)
March 26, 2019 National H J Res 46 Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on February 15, 2019 Veto Override Failed - House (248 - 181)
March 14, 2019 National H J Res 46 Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on February 15, 2019 Bill Passed - Senate (59 - 41)
March 14, 2019 National H Con Res 24 Expressing the sense of Congress that the report of Special Counsel Mueller should be made available to the public and to Congress. Bill Passed - House (420 - 0)
March 8, 2019 National HR 1 For the People Act of 2019 Bill Passed - House (234 - 193)
Feb. 26, 2019 National H J Res 46 Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on February 15, 2019 Bill Passed - House (245 - 182)
Feb. 14, 2019 National PN 17 Nomination of William Pelham Barr to be Attorney General of the Department of Justice (54 - 45)
Feb. 12, 2019 National PN 17 Nomination of William Pelham Barr to be Attorney General of the Department of Justice Cloture Invoked - Senate (55 - 44)
Jan. 23, 2019 National HR 648 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2019 Bill Passed - House (234 - 180)
Jan. 23, 2019 National H J Res 28 Further Additional Continuing Appropriations Act, 2019 Bill Passed - House (229 - 184)
Jan. 16, 2019 National HR 268 Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2019 Bill Passed - House (237 - 187)
Jan. 9, 2019 National HR 264 Financial Services and General Government Appropriations Act, 2019 Bill Passed - House (240 - 188)
Jan. 9, 2019 National HR 264 Financial Services and General Government Appropriations Act, 2019 Bill Passed - House (240 - 188)
Jan. 3, 2019 National HR 21 Making appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2019, and for other purposes Bill Passed - House (241 - 190)
Jan. 3, 2019 National HR 21 Making appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2019, and for other purposes Bill Passed - House (241 - 190)
Dec. 11, 2018 National PN 2117 Nomination of Jonathan A. Kobes to the Eighth Circuit Court (51 - 50)
Nov. 29, 2018 National PN 2117 Nomination of Jonathan A. Kobes to the Eighth Circuit Court Cloture Invoked - Senate (50 - 49)
Oct. 6, 2018 National PN 2259 Nomination of Brett M. Kavanaugh to the Supreme Court of the United States (50 - 48)
Oct. 5, 2018 National PN 2259 Nomination of Brett M. Kavanaugh to the Supreme Court of the United States Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 49)
July 19, 2018 National S Res 584 A resolution expressing the sense of the Senate against the making available of current and former diplomats, officials, and members of the Armed Forces of the United States for questioning by the government of Vladimir Putin. Bill Passed - Senate (98 - 0)
July 18, 2018 National PN 1645 Nomination of Andrew S. Oldham to be United States Circuit Judge for the 5th Circuit (50 - 49)
July 17, 2018 National PN 1645 Nomination of Andrew S. Oldham to be United States Circuit Judge for the 5th Circuit Cloture Invoked - Senate (50 - 49)
July 11, 2018 National PN 1402 Nomination of Brian Allen Benczkowski to be Assistant Attorney General (51 - 48)
July 10, 2018 National PN 1402 Nomination of Brian Allen Benczkowski to be Assistant Attorney General Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 48)
May 10, 2018 National HR 3053 Nuclear Waste Policy Amendments Act of 2018 Bill Passed - House (340 - 72)
May 9, 2018 National HR 2152 Citizens' Right to Know Act of 2018 Bill Passed - House (221 - 197)
March 23, 2018 National HR 1625 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018 Bill Passed - Senate (65 - 32)
March 22, 2018 National HR 1625 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018 Bill Passed - House (256 - 167)
March 6, 2018 National HR 4607 Comprehensive Regulatory Review Act Bill Passed - House (246 - 143)
Feb. 9, 2018 National HR 1892 Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (240 - 186)
Feb. 9, 2018 National HR 1892 Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (71 - 28)
Jan. 18, 2018 National S 139 FISA Amendments Reauthorization Act of 2017 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (65 - 34)
Jan. 11, 2018 National S 139 FISA Amendments Reauthorization Act of 2017 Bill Passed - House (256 - 164)
Dec. 21, 2017 National HR 4667 Making further supplemental appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2018, for disaster assistance for Hurricanes Harvey, Irma, and Maria, and calendar year 2017 wildfires, and for other purposes Bill Passed - House (251 - 169)
Dec. 7, 2017 National H J Res 123 Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 Bill Passed - House (235 - 193)
Nov. 30, 2017 National HR 4182 Ensuring a Qualified Civil Service Act of 2017 (EQUALS Act) Bill Passed - House (213 - 204)
Nov. 30, 2017 National HR 4182 Ensuring a Qualified Civil Service Act of 2017 (EQUALS Act) Bill Passed - House (213 - 204)
Oct. 25, 2017 National HR 469 Sunshine for Regulations and Regulatory Decrees and Settlements Act of 2017 Bill Passed - House (234 - 187)
Oct. 24, 2017 National HR 732 Stop Settlement Slush Funds Act of 2017 Bill Passed - House (238 - 183)
Sept. 14, 2017 National HR 3354 Making Appropriations for the Department of the Interior, Environment, and related agencies for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2018, and for other purposes. Bill Passed - House (211 - 198)
July 28, 2017 National HR 3180 Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 Bill Passed - House (380 - 35)
Date No. Title Outcome
9/25 HR 2203 Homeland Security Improvement Act Bill Passed - House (230 - 194)
7/23 PN 934 Nomination of Mark Esper as the Secretary of Defense (90 - 8)
7/22 PN 934 Nomination of Mark Esper as the Secretary of Defense Cloture Invoked - Senate (85 - 6)
7/17 H Res 497 Recommending that The House of Representatives Find William P. Barr, Attorney General of The United States, and Wilbur L. Ross, Jr., Secretary of Commerce, in Contempt of Congress for Refusal to Comply with Subpoenas Duly Issued by The Committee on Oversight and Reform Bill Passed - House (230 - 198)
6/27 HR 2722 Securing America's Federal Elections (SAFE) Act Bill Passed - House (225 - 184)
6/19 PN 233 Nomination of Matthew Kacsmaryk to be U.S. District Judge for the Northern District of Texas (52 - 46)
6/11 H Res 430 Authorizing the Committee on The Judiciary to Initiate or Intervene in Judicial Proceedings to Enforce Certain Subpoenas and For Other Purposes Bill Passed - House (229 - 191)
5/16 PN 526 Nomination of Jeffrey Rosen to be Deputy Attorney General for the Department of Justice (52 - 45)
5/09 HR 986 Protecting Americans with Preexisting Conditions Act of 2019 Bill Passed - House (230 - 183)
4/11 PN 503 Nomination of David Bernhardt as the Secretary of the Interior (56 - 41)
3/26 H J Res 46 Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on February 15, 2019 Veto Override Failed - House (248 - 181)
3/14 H J Res 46 Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on February 15, 2019 Bill Passed - Senate (59 - 41)
3/14 H Con Res 24 Expressing the sense of Congress that the report of Special Counsel Mueller should be made available to the public and to Congress. Bill Passed - House (420 - 0)
3/08 HR 1 For the People Act of 2019 Bill Passed - House (234 - 193)
2/26 H J Res 46 Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on February 15, 2019 Bill Passed - House (245 - 182)
2/14 PN 17 Nomination of William Pelham Barr to be Attorney General of the Department of Justice (54 - 45)
2/12 PN 17 Nomination of William Pelham Barr to be Attorney General of the Department of Justice Cloture Invoked - Senate (55 - 44)
1/23 HR 648 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2019 Bill Passed - House (234 - 180)
1/23 H J Res 28 Further Additional Continuing Appropriations Act, 2019 Bill Passed - House (229 - 184)
1/16 HR 268 Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2019 Bill Passed - House (237 - 187)
1/09 HR 264 Financial Services and General Government Appropriations Act, 2019 Bill Passed - House (240 - 188)
1/09 HR 264 Financial Services and General Government Appropriations Act, 2019 Bill Passed - House (240 - 188)
1/03 HR 21 Making appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2019, and for other purposes Bill Passed - House (241 - 190)
1/03 HR 21 Making appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2019, and for other purposes Bill Passed - House (241 - 190)
12/11 PN 2117 Nomination of Jonathan A. Kobes to the Eighth Circuit Court (51 - 50)
11/29 PN 2117 Nomination of Jonathan A. Kobes to the Eighth Circuit Court Cloture Invoked - Senate (50 - 49)
10/06 PN 2259 Nomination of Brett M. Kavanaugh to the Supreme Court of the United States (50 - 48)
10/05 PN 2259 Nomination of Brett M. Kavanaugh to the Supreme Court of the United States Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 49)
7/19 S Res 584 A resolution expressing the sense of the Senate against the making available of current and former diplomats, officials, and members of the Armed Forces of the United States for questioning by the government of Vladimir Putin. Bill Passed - Senate (98 - 0)
7/18 PN 1645 Nomination of Andrew S. Oldham to be United States Circuit Judge for the 5th Circuit (50 - 49)
7/17 PN 1645 Nomination of Andrew S. Oldham to be United States Circuit Judge for the 5th Circuit Cloture Invoked - Senate (50 - 49)
7/11 PN 1402 Nomination of Brian Allen Benczkowski to be Assistant Attorney General (51 - 48)
7/10 PN 1402 Nomination of Brian Allen Benczkowski to be Assistant Attorney General Cloture Invoked - Senate (51 - 48)
5/10 HR 3053 Nuclear Waste Policy Amendments Act of 2018 Bill Passed - House (340 - 72)
5/09 HR 2152 Citizens' Right to Know Act of 2018 Bill Passed - House (221 - 197)
3/23 HR 1625 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018 Bill Passed - Senate (65 - 32)
3/22 HR 1625 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018 Bill Passed - House (256 - 167)
3/06 HR 4607 Comprehensive Regulatory Review Act Bill Passed - House (246 - 143)
2/09 HR 1892 Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (240 - 186)
2/09 HR 1892 Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (71 - 28)
1/18 S 139 FISA Amendments Reauthorization Act of 2017 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (65 - 34)
1/11 S 139 FISA Amendments Reauthorization Act of 2017 Bill Passed - House (256 - 164)
12/21 HR 4667 Making further supplemental appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2018, for disaster assistance for Hurricanes Harvey, Irma, and Maria, and calendar year 2017 wildfires, and for other purposes Bill Passed - House (251 - 169)
12/07 H J Res 123 Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 Bill Passed - House (235 - 193)
11/30 HR 4182 Ensuring a Qualified Civil Service Act of 2017 (EQUALS Act) Bill Passed - House (213 - 204)
11/30 HR 4182 Ensuring a Qualified Civil Service Act of 2017 (EQUALS Act) Bill Passed - House (213 - 204)
10/25 HR 469 Sunshine for Regulations and Regulatory Decrees and Settlements Act of 2017 Bill Passed - House (234 - 187)
10/24 HR 732 Stop Settlement Slush Funds Act of 2017 Bill Passed - House (238 - 183)
9/14 HR 3354 Making Appropriations for the Department of the Interior, Environment, and related agencies for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2018, and for other purposes. Bill Passed - House (211 - 198)
7/28 HR 3180 Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 Bill Passed - House (380 - 35)
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