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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
June 21, 2023 National H Res 521 Censuring Adam Schiff, Representative of the 30th Congressional District of California. Resolution Passed - House (213 - 209)
June 15, 2023 National HR 288 Separation of Powers Restoration Act Bill Passed - House (220 - 211)
June 15, 2023 National HR 288 Separation of Powers Restoration Act Bill Passed - House (220 - 211)
June 14, 2023 National HR 277 Regulations from the Executive in Need of Scrutiny (REINS) Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (221 - 210)
June 13, 2023 National H J Res 44 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives relating to "Factoring Criteria for Firearms with Attached 'Stabilizing Braces'". Joint Resolution Passed - House (219 - 210)
May 18, 2023 National H Con Res 40 Expressing support for local law enforcement officers and condemning efforts to defund or dismantle local law enforcement agencies Joint Resolution Passed - House (301 - 119)
May 17, 2023 National S J Res 18 A joint resolution disapproving of the rule submitted by the Department of Homeland Security relating to "Public Charge Ground of Inadmissibility". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 47)
May 16, 2023 National H J Res 42 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Comprehensive Policing and Justice Reform Amendment Act of 2022. Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (56 - 43)
April 19, 2023 National H J Res 42 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Comprehensive Policing and Justice Reform Amendment Act of 2022. Joint Resolution Passed - House (229 - 189)
March 29, 2023 National H J Res 27 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Department of Defense and the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Revised Definition of 'Waters of the United States' " Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (53 - 43)
March 9, 2023 National HR 140 Protecting Speech from Government Interference Act Bill Passed - House (219 - 206)
March 9, 2023 National H J Res 27 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Department of Defense and the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Revised Definition of 'Waters of the United States' " Joint Resolution Passed - House (227 - 198)
March 8, 2023 National H J Res 26 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Revised Criminal Code Act Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (81 - 14)
March 1, 2023 National HR 347 Reduce Exacerbated Inflation Negatively Impacting the Nation Act Bill Passed - House (272 - 148)
Feb. 9, 2023 National H J Res 26 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Revised Criminal Code Act Joint Resolution Passed - House (250 - 173)
Feb. 9, 2023 National H J Res 24 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Local Resident Voting Rights Amendment Act of 2022 Joint Resolution Passed - House (260 - 162)
Feb. 2, 2023 National H Res 76 Removing a certain Member from a certain standing committee of the House. Resolution Passed - House (218 - 211)
Feb. 2, 2023 National H Con Res 9 Denouncing the horrors of socialism. Joint Resolution Passed - House (328 - 86)
Feb. 1, 2023 National HR 139 SHOW UP Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (221 - 206)
Jan. 10, 2023 National H Res 12 Establishing a Select Subcommittee on the Weaponization of the Federal Government as a select investigative subcommittee of the Committee on the Judiciary Resolution Passed - House (221 - 211)
Jan. 10, 2023 National H Res 12 Establishing a Select Subcommittee on the Weaponization of the Federal Government as a select investigative subcommittee of the Committee on the Judiciary Resolution Passed - House (221 - 211)
Jan. 9, 2023 National HR 23 Family and Small Business Taxpayer Protection Act Bill Passed - House (221 - 210)
Dec. 23, 2022 National HR 2617 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (225 - 201)
Dec. 22, 2022 National HR 2617 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (68 - 29)
Dec. 22, 2022 National HR 9640 Presidential Tax Filings and Audit Transparency Act of 2022 Bill Passed - House (222 - 201)
Dec. 15, 2022 National HR 8393 Puerto Rico Status Act Bill Passed - House (233 - 191)
Dec. 14, 2022 National S 3905 Preventing Organizational Conflicts of Interest in Federal Acquisition Act Bill Passed - House (219 - 205)
Nov. 16, 2022 National S 4524 Speak Out Act Bill Passed - House (315 - 109)
Nov. 15, 2022 National S J Res 63 A joint resolution relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020. Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (62 - 36)
Sept. 21, 2022 National HR 8873 Presidential Election Reform Act Bill Passed - House (229 - 203)
Sept. 19, 2022 National HR 1456 Peace Corps Reauthorization Act of 2022 Bill Passed - House (290 - 125)
Sept. 15, 2022 National HR 8326 Ensuring a Fair and Accurate Census Act Bill Passed - House (220 - 208)
Sept. 15, 2022 National HR 302 Preventing a Patronage System Act (PPSA Act of 2021) Bill Passed - House (225 - 204)
July 28, 2022 National HR 4346 Supreme Court Security Funding Act of 2022 (CHIPS and Science Act of 2022) Concurrence Vote Passed - House (243 - 187)
July 27, 2022 National HR 4346 Supreme Court Security Funding Act of 2022 (CHIPS and Science Act of 2022) Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (64 - 33)
May 26, 2022 National S J Res 46 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Justice and the Department of Homeland Security relating to "Procedures for Credible Fear Screening and Consideration of Asylum, Withholding of Removal, and CAT Protection Claims by Asylum Officers". Joint Resolution Failed - Senate (46 - 48)
May 11, 2022 National HR 2499 Federal Firefighters Fairness Act of 2022 Bill Passed - House (288 - 131)
April 7, 2022 National PN 1783 Nomination of Ketanji Brown Jackson to the Supreme Court of the United States Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 47)
March 8, 2022 National HR 3076 Postal Service Reform Act of 2022 Bill Passed - Senate (79 - 19)
Feb. 14, 2022 National PN 1593 Nomination of Robert Califf as Commissioner of Food and Drugs, Department of Health and Human Services Cloture Invoked - Senate (49 - 45)
Feb. 8, 2022 National HR 3076 Postal Service Reform Act of 2022 Bill Passed - House (342 - 92)
Jan. 19, 2022 National HR 5746 Freedom to Vote: John R. Lewis Act Bill Passed - Senate (52 - 48)
Jan. 13, 2022 National HR 5746 Freedom to Vote: John R. Lewis Act Concurrence Vote Passed - House (220 - 203)
Dec. 7, 2021 National HR 5314 Protecting Our Democracy Act Bill Passed - House (220 - 208)
Nov. 17, 2021 National H Res 789 Censuring Representative Paul Gosar Resolution Passed - House (223 - 207)
Oct. 21, 2021 National H Res 730 Recommending that the House of Representatives find Stephen K. Bannon in contempt of Congress for refusal to comply with a subpoena duly issued by the Select Committee to Investigate the January 6th Attack on the United States Capitol Resolution Passed - House (229 - 202)
Oct. 21, 2021 National H Res 730 Recommending that the House of Representatives find Stephen K. Bannon in contempt of Congress for refusal to comply with a subpoena duly issued by the Select Committee to Investigate the January 6th Attack on the United States Capitol Resolution Passed - House (229 - 202)
Oct. 20, 2021 National S 2747 Freedom to Vote Act Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (49 - 51)
Aug. 24, 2021 National H Res 601 Providing for consideration of (H.R. 4) John R. Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act; providing for consideration of the Senate amendment to (H.R. 3684) Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act; and providing for the adoption of the concurrent resolution (S. Con. Res. 14); and for other purposes Resolution Passed - House (220 - 212)
Aug. 24, 2021 National HR 4 John R. Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act of 2021 Bill Passed - House (219 - 212)
Date No. Title Outcome
6/21 H Res 521 Censuring Adam Schiff, Representative of the 30th Congressional District of California. Resolution Passed - House (213 - 209)
6/15 HR 288 Separation of Powers Restoration Act Bill Passed - House (220 - 211)
6/15 HR 288 Separation of Powers Restoration Act Bill Passed - House (220 - 211)
6/14 HR 277 Regulations from the Executive in Need of Scrutiny (REINS) Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (221 - 210)
6/13 H J Res 44 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives relating to "Factoring Criteria for Firearms with Attached 'Stabilizing Braces'". Joint Resolution Passed - House (219 - 210)
5/18 H Con Res 40 Expressing support for local law enforcement officers and condemning efforts to defund or dismantle local law enforcement agencies Joint Resolution Passed - House (301 - 119)
5/17 S J Res 18 A joint resolution disapproving of the rule submitted by the Department of Homeland Security relating to "Public Charge Ground of Inadmissibility". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 47)
5/16 H J Res 42 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Comprehensive Policing and Justice Reform Amendment Act of 2022. Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (56 - 43)
4/19 H J Res 42 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Comprehensive Policing and Justice Reform Amendment Act of 2022. Joint Resolution Passed - House (229 - 189)
3/29 H J Res 27 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Department of Defense and the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Revised Definition of 'Waters of the United States' " Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (53 - 43)
3/09 HR 140 Protecting Speech from Government Interference Act Bill Passed - House (219 - 206)
3/09 H J Res 27 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Department of Defense and the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Revised Definition of 'Waters of the United States' " Joint Resolution Passed - House (227 - 198)
3/08 H J Res 26 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Revised Criminal Code Act Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (81 - 14)
3/01 HR 347 Reduce Exacerbated Inflation Negatively Impacting the Nation Act Bill Passed - House (272 - 148)
2/09 H J Res 26 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Revised Criminal Code Act Joint Resolution Passed - House (250 - 173)
2/09 H J Res 24 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Local Resident Voting Rights Amendment Act of 2022 Joint Resolution Passed - House (260 - 162)
2/02 H Res 76 Removing a certain Member from a certain standing committee of the House. Resolution Passed - House (218 - 211)
2/02 H Con Res 9 Denouncing the horrors of socialism. Joint Resolution Passed - House (328 - 86)
2/01 HR 139 SHOW UP Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (221 - 206)
1/10 H Res 12 Establishing a Select Subcommittee on the Weaponization of the Federal Government as a select investigative subcommittee of the Committee on the Judiciary Resolution Passed - House (221 - 211)
1/10 H Res 12 Establishing a Select Subcommittee on the Weaponization of the Federal Government as a select investigative subcommittee of the Committee on the Judiciary Resolution Passed - House (221 - 211)
1/09 HR 23 Family and Small Business Taxpayer Protection Act Bill Passed - House (221 - 210)
12/23 HR 2617 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (225 - 201)
12/22 HR 2617 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (68 - 29)
12/22 HR 9640 Presidential Tax Filings and Audit Transparency Act of 2022 Bill Passed - House (222 - 201)
12/15 HR 8393 Puerto Rico Status Act Bill Passed - House (233 - 191)
12/14 S 3905 Preventing Organizational Conflicts of Interest in Federal Acquisition Act Bill Passed - House (219 - 205)
11/16 S 4524 Speak Out Act Bill Passed - House (315 - 109)
11/15 S J Res 63 A joint resolution relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020. Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (62 - 36)
9/21 HR 8873 Presidential Election Reform Act Bill Passed - House (229 - 203)
9/19 HR 1456 Peace Corps Reauthorization Act of 2022 Bill Passed - House (290 - 125)
9/15 HR 8326 Ensuring a Fair and Accurate Census Act Bill Passed - House (220 - 208)
9/15 HR 302 Preventing a Patronage System Act (PPSA Act of 2021) Bill Passed - House (225 - 204)
7/28 HR 4346 Supreme Court Security Funding Act of 2022 (CHIPS and Science Act of 2022) Concurrence Vote Passed - House (243 - 187)
7/27 HR 4346 Supreme Court Security Funding Act of 2022 (CHIPS and Science Act of 2022) Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (64 - 33)
5/26 S J Res 46 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Justice and the Department of Homeland Security relating to "Procedures for Credible Fear Screening and Consideration of Asylum, Withholding of Removal, and CAT Protection Claims by Asylum Officers". Joint Resolution Failed - Senate (46 - 48)
5/11 HR 2499 Federal Firefighters Fairness Act of 2022 Bill Passed - House (288 - 131)
4/07 PN 1783 Nomination of Ketanji Brown Jackson to the Supreme Court of the United States Nomination Confirmed - Senate (53 - 47)
3/08 HR 3076 Postal Service Reform Act of 2022 Bill Passed - Senate (79 - 19)
2/14 PN 1593 Nomination of Robert Califf as Commissioner of Food and Drugs, Department of Health and Human Services Cloture Invoked - Senate (49 - 45)
2/08 HR 3076 Postal Service Reform Act of 2022 Bill Passed - House (342 - 92)
1/19 HR 5746 Freedom to Vote: John R. Lewis Act Bill Passed - Senate (52 - 48)
1/13 HR 5746 Freedom to Vote: John R. Lewis Act Concurrence Vote Passed - House (220 - 203)
12/07 HR 5314 Protecting Our Democracy Act Bill Passed - House (220 - 208)
11/17 H Res 789 Censuring Representative Paul Gosar Resolution Passed - House (223 - 207)
10/21 H Res 730 Recommending that the House of Representatives find Stephen K. Bannon in contempt of Congress for refusal to comply with a subpoena duly issued by the Select Committee to Investigate the January 6th Attack on the United States Capitol Resolution Passed - House (229 - 202)
10/21 H Res 730 Recommending that the House of Representatives find Stephen K. Bannon in contempt of Congress for refusal to comply with a subpoena duly issued by the Select Committee to Investigate the January 6th Attack on the United States Capitol Resolution Passed - House (229 - 202)
10/20 S 2747 Freedom to Vote Act Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (49 - 51)
8/24 H Res 601 Providing for consideration of (H.R. 4) John R. Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act; providing for consideration of the Senate amendment to (H.R. 3684) Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act; and providing for the adoption of the concurrent resolution (S. Con. Res. 14); and for other purposes Resolution Passed - House (220 - 212)
8/24 HR 4 John R. Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act of 2021 Bill Passed - House (219 - 212)
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