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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
March 20, 2024 National HR 6009 Restoring American Energy Dominance Act Bill Passed - House (216 - 200)
Feb. 28, 2024 National HR 6544 Atomic Energy Advancement Act Bill Passed - House (365 - 36)
Feb. 15, 2024 National HR 7176 Unlocking our Domestic LNG Potential Act of 2024 Bill Passed - House (224 - 200)
Jan. 11, 2024 National S J Res 38 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Highway Administration relating to "Waiver of Buy America Requirements for Electric Vehicle Chargers". Joint Resolution Passed - House (209 - 198)
Jan. 11, 2024 National S J Res 38 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Highway Administration relating to "Waiver of Buy America Requirements for Electric Vehicle Chargers". Joint Resolution Passed - House (209 - 198)
Dec. 13, 2023 National HR 1147 Whole Milk for Healthy Kids Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (330 - 99)
Dec. 6, 2023 National HR 4468 Choice in Automobile Retail Sales Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (221 - 197)
Nov. 3, 2023 National HR 3774 Stop Harboring Iranian Petroleum (SHIP) Act Bill Passed - House (342 - 69)
Nov. 3, 2023 National HR 4821 Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (213 - 203)
Oct. 26, 2023 National HR 4394 Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (210 - 199)
Sept. 28, 2023 National HR 4368 Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Failed - House (191 - 237)
July 27, 2023 National S J Res 24 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service relating to "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Endangered Species Status for Northern Long-Eared Bat". Joint Resolution Passed - House (220 - 209)
July 27, 2023 National S J Res 9 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service relating to "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Lesser Prairie-Chicken; Threatened Status with Section 4(d) Rule for the Northern Distinct Population Segment and Endangered Status for the Southern Distinct Population Segment". Joint Resolution Passed - House (221 - 206)
July 27, 2023 National S J Res 24 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service relating to "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Endangered Species Status for Northern Long-Eared Bat". Joint Resolution Passed - House (220 - 209)
June 14, 2023 National HR 1640 Save Our Gas Stoves Act Bill Passed - House (249 - 181)
June 13, 2023 National HR 1615 Gas Stove Protection and Freedom Act Bill Passed - House (248 - 180)
May 23, 2023 National S J Res 11 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Control of Air Pollution From New Motor Vehicles: Heavy-Duty Engine and Vehicle Standards". Joint Resolution Passed - House (221 - 203)
April 28, 2023 National H J Res 39 Disapproving the rule submitted by the Department of Commerce relating to "Procedures Covering Suspension of Liquidation, Duties and Estimated Duties in Accord with Presidential Proclamation 10414" Joint Resolution Passed - House (221 - 202)
April 28, 2023 National H J Res 39 Disapproving the rule submitted by the Department of Commerce relating to "Procedures Covering Suspension of Liquidation, Duties and Estimated Duties in Accord with Presidential Proclamation 10414" Joint Resolution Passed - House (221 - 202)
April 28, 2023 National H J Res 39 Disapproving the rule submitted by the Department of Commerce relating to "Procedures Covering Suspension of Liquidation, Duties and Estimated Duties in Accord with Presidential Proclamation 10414" Joint Resolution Passed - House (221 - 202)
March 30, 2023 National HR 1 Lower Energy Costs Act Bill Passed - House (225 - 204)
March 9, 2023 National H J Res 27 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Department of Defense and the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Revised Definition of 'Waters of the United States' " Joint Resolution Passed - House (227 - 198)
Feb. 28, 2023 National H J Res 30 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to "Prudence and Loyalty in Selecting Plan Investments and Exercising Shareholder Rights" Joint Resolution Passed - House (216 - 204)
Dec. 12, 2022 National S 1466 Saline Lake Ecosystems in the Great Basin States Program Act Bill Passed - House (356 - 56)
Nov. 14, 2022 National HR 5441 PAST Act of 2021 Bill Passed - House (304 - 111)
Sept. 19, 2022 National HR 1456 Peace Corps Reauthorization Act of 2022 Bill Passed - House (290 - 125)
Aug. 12, 2022 National HR 5376 Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (220 - 207)
July 29, 2022 National HR 5118 Continental Divide Trail Completion Act Bill Passed - House (218 - 199)
July 29, 2022 National HR 263 Big Cat Public Safety Act Bill Passed - House (278 - 134)
July 29, 2022 National HR 263 Big Cat Public Safety Act Bill Passed - House (278 - 134)
July 29, 2022 National HR 5118 Continental Divide Trail Completion Act Bill Passed - House (218 - 199)
June 16, 2022 National HR 7606 Meat and Poultry Special Investigator Act of 2022 Bill Passed - House (221 - 204)
June 14, 2022 National HR 2773 Recovering America's Wildlife Act of 2021 Bill Passed - House (231 - 190)
June 14, 2022 National HR 2773 Recovering America's Wildlife Act of 2021 Bill Passed - House (231 - 190)
April 7, 2022 National HR 3807 Restaurant Revitalization Fund Replenishment Act of 2021 Bill Passed - House (223 - 203)
March 9, 2022 National HR 6968 Suspending Energy Imports from Russia Act Bill Passed - House (414 - 17)
Nov. 19, 2021 National HR 5376 Build Back Better Act Bill Passed - House (220 - 213)
July 21, 2021 National HR 2467 PFAS Action Act of 2021 Bill Passed - House (241 - 183)
June 25, 2021 National S J Res 14 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Oil and Natural Gas Sector: Emission Standards for New, Reconstructed, and Modified Sources Review" Joint Resolution Passed - House (229 - 191)
June 16, 2021 National HR 1187 ESG Disclosure Simplification Act of 2021 Bill Passed - House (215 - 214)
March 18, 2021 National HR 1603 Farm Workforce Modernization Act of 2021 Bill Passed - House (247 - 174)
Dec. 3, 2020 National HR 1380 Big Cat Public Safety Act Bill Passed - House (272 - 114)
Sept. 24, 2020 National HR 4447 Expanding Access to Sustainable Energy Act of 2019 Bill Passed - House (220 - 185)
Sept. 24, 2020 National HR 4447 Expanding Access to Sustainable Energy Act of 2019 Bill Passed - House (220 - 185)
July 22, 2020 National HR 1957 Great American Outdoors Act Concurrence Vote Passed - House (310 - 107)
July 22, 2020 National HR 1957 Great American Outdoors Act Concurrence Vote Passed - House (310 - 107)
Feb. 12, 2020 National HR 2546 Protecting Americas Wilderness Act Bill Passed - House (231 - 183)
Jan. 10, 2020 National HR 535 PFAS Action Act Bill Passed - House (247 - 159)
Dec. 11, 2019 National HR 5038 Farm Workforce Modernization Act of 2019 Bill Passed - House (260 - 165)
Oct. 31, 2019 National HR 823 Colorado Outdoor Recreation and Economy Act Bill Passed - House (227 - 182)
Date No. Title Outcome
3/20 HR 6009 Restoring American Energy Dominance Act Bill Passed - House (216 - 200)
2/28 HR 6544 Atomic Energy Advancement Act Bill Passed - House (365 - 36)
2/15 HR 7176 Unlocking our Domestic LNG Potential Act of 2024 Bill Passed - House (224 - 200)
1/11 S J Res 38 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Highway Administration relating to "Waiver of Buy America Requirements for Electric Vehicle Chargers". Joint Resolution Passed - House (209 - 198)
1/11 S J Res 38 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Highway Administration relating to "Waiver of Buy America Requirements for Electric Vehicle Chargers". Joint Resolution Passed - House (209 - 198)
12/13 HR 1147 Whole Milk for Healthy Kids Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (330 - 99)
12/06 HR 4468 Choice in Automobile Retail Sales Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (221 - 197)
11/03 HR 3774 Stop Harboring Iranian Petroleum (SHIP) Act Bill Passed - House (342 - 69)
11/03 HR 4821 Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (213 - 203)
10/26 HR 4394 Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (210 - 199)
9/28 HR 4368 Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Failed - House (191 - 237)
7/27 S J Res 24 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service relating to "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Endangered Species Status for Northern Long-Eared Bat". Joint Resolution Passed - House (220 - 209)
7/27 S J Res 9 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service relating to "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Lesser Prairie-Chicken; Threatened Status with Section 4(d) Rule for the Northern Distinct Population Segment and Endangered Status for the Southern Distinct Population Segment". Joint Resolution Passed - House (221 - 206)
7/27 S J Res 24 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service relating to "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Endangered Species Status for Northern Long-Eared Bat". Joint Resolution Passed - House (220 - 209)
6/14 HR 1640 Save Our Gas Stoves Act Bill Passed - House (249 - 181)
6/13 HR 1615 Gas Stove Protection and Freedom Act Bill Passed - House (248 - 180)
5/23 S J Res 11 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Control of Air Pollution From New Motor Vehicles: Heavy-Duty Engine and Vehicle Standards". Joint Resolution Passed - House (221 - 203)
4/28 H J Res 39 Disapproving the rule submitted by the Department of Commerce relating to "Procedures Covering Suspension of Liquidation, Duties and Estimated Duties in Accord with Presidential Proclamation 10414" Joint Resolution Passed - House (221 - 202)
4/28 H J Res 39 Disapproving the rule submitted by the Department of Commerce relating to "Procedures Covering Suspension of Liquidation, Duties and Estimated Duties in Accord with Presidential Proclamation 10414" Joint Resolution Passed - House (221 - 202)
4/28 H J Res 39 Disapproving the rule submitted by the Department of Commerce relating to "Procedures Covering Suspension of Liquidation, Duties and Estimated Duties in Accord with Presidential Proclamation 10414" Joint Resolution Passed - House (221 - 202)
3/30 HR 1 Lower Energy Costs Act Bill Passed - House (225 - 204)
3/09 H J Res 27 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Department of Defense and the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Revised Definition of 'Waters of the United States' " Joint Resolution Passed - House (227 - 198)
2/28 H J Res 30 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to "Prudence and Loyalty in Selecting Plan Investments and Exercising Shareholder Rights" Joint Resolution Passed - House (216 - 204)
12/12 S 1466 Saline Lake Ecosystems in the Great Basin States Program Act Bill Passed - House (356 - 56)
11/14 HR 5441 PAST Act of 2021 Bill Passed - House (304 - 111)
9/19 HR 1456 Peace Corps Reauthorization Act of 2022 Bill Passed - House (290 - 125)
8/12 HR 5376 Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (220 - 207)
7/29 HR 5118 Continental Divide Trail Completion Act Bill Passed - House (218 - 199)
7/29 HR 263 Big Cat Public Safety Act Bill Passed - House (278 - 134)
7/29 HR 263 Big Cat Public Safety Act Bill Passed - House (278 - 134)
7/29 HR 5118 Continental Divide Trail Completion Act Bill Passed - House (218 - 199)
6/16 HR 7606 Meat and Poultry Special Investigator Act of 2022 Bill Passed - House (221 - 204)
6/14 HR 2773 Recovering America's Wildlife Act of 2021 Bill Passed - House (231 - 190)
6/14 HR 2773 Recovering America's Wildlife Act of 2021 Bill Passed - House (231 - 190)
4/07 HR 3807 Restaurant Revitalization Fund Replenishment Act of 2021 Bill Passed - House (223 - 203)
3/09 HR 6968 Suspending Energy Imports from Russia Act Bill Passed - House (414 - 17)
11/19 HR 5376 Build Back Better Act Bill Passed - House (220 - 213)
7/21 HR 2467 PFAS Action Act of 2021 Bill Passed - House (241 - 183)
6/25 S J Res 14 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Oil and Natural Gas Sector: Emission Standards for New, Reconstructed, and Modified Sources Review" Joint Resolution Passed - House (229 - 191)
6/16 HR 1187 ESG Disclosure Simplification Act of 2021 Bill Passed - House (215 - 214)
3/18 HR 1603 Farm Workforce Modernization Act of 2021 Bill Passed - House (247 - 174)
12/03 HR 1380 Big Cat Public Safety Act Bill Passed - House (272 - 114)
9/24 HR 4447 Expanding Access to Sustainable Energy Act of 2019 Bill Passed - House (220 - 185)
9/24 HR 4447 Expanding Access to Sustainable Energy Act of 2019 Bill Passed - House (220 - 185)
7/22 HR 1957 Great American Outdoors Act Concurrence Vote Passed - House (310 - 107)
7/22 HR 1957 Great American Outdoors Act Concurrence Vote Passed - House (310 - 107)
2/12 HR 2546 Protecting Americas Wilderness Act Bill Passed - House (231 - 183)
1/10 HR 535 PFAS Action Act Bill Passed - House (247 - 159)
12/11 HR 5038 Farm Workforce Modernization Act of 2019 Bill Passed - House (260 - 165)
10/31 HR 823 Colorado Outdoor Recreation and Economy Act Bill Passed - House (227 - 182)
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