Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
May 7, 2025 OK HB 2157 Establishes the Oklahoma Agrivoltaics Act Bill Failed - Senate (21 - 22)
May 7, 2025 NC SB 554 Prohibits Banks and Credit Unions from Denying Loans to Agriculture Producers Based on Their Lack of Commitment to Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Factors Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 11)
May 6, 2025 CO HB 25-1274 Authorizes the Colorado Secretary of State to Issue Ballot Measures to Fund the Universal School Meals Program Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 11)
April 30, 2025 HI HB 969 Prohibits Landfills on the Agricultural Land Best Suited for Farming Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (24 - 1)
April 30, 2025 HI HB 969 Prohibits Landfills on the Agricultural Land Best Suited for Farming Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (24 - 1)
April 30, 2025 OK HB 1910 Authorizes the Conservation Commission to Create Guidelines Aimed at Fostering Urban Agriculture within Oklahoma's Urban Counties Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 8)
April 30, 2025 ME LD 588 Establishes the Agricultural Employees Concerted Activity Protection Act "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (21 - 13)
April 28, 2025 IA SF 491 Prohibits Remote-Piloted Drones Over Farmstead Without Landowner's Permission (42 - 8)
April 22, 2025 NV SB 295 Establishes Sidewalk Vending Laws and Framework for Compact Food Cart Vendors Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 4)
April 21, 2025 TN HB 134 Prohibits Schools From Selling Food Containing Red 40 Dyes Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 0)
April 17, 2025 OR SB 992 Authorizes Stores That Accept Bottle Returns to Refuse Service After 8:00 PM, and Authorizes State Approval of Alternative Redemption Centers Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 1)
April 16, 2025 ND HB 1332 Appropriates $30 Million for an Agriculture Incentive Program Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 5)
April 16, 2025 AZ HB 2572 Establishes New Provisions for Irrigation Grandfathered Rights Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 14)
April 16, 2025 FL SB 700 Establishes the 2025 Florida Farm Bill and Prohibits Fluoride in Water Supplies Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 9)
April 14, 2025 ND HB 1318 Increases the Standard for Proving Liability for Lawsuits Involving Pesticides Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
April 8, 2025 AR SB 217 Requires the Department of Human Services to Request a Waiver to Exclude Candy and Soft Drinks from Eligible Foods Under the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 4)
April 7, 2025 MO HB 508 Exempts Capital Gains from State Income Tax Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 6)
April 7, 2025 IA SF 608 Amends and Updates the Grain Indemnity Program Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 8)
April 2, 2025 OH SB 100 Exempts Nonprofit Agricultural Membership Organizations From Insurance Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 0)
March 26, 2025 IA SF 394 Increases Pesticide Liability Immunity Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 21)
March 25, 2025 National PN 12-28 Nomination of Martin Makary to be Commissioner of Food and Drugs in the Department of Health and Human Services Nomination Confirmed - Senate (56 - 44)
March 25, 2025 National PN 12-28 Nomination of Martin Makary to be Commissioner of Food and Drugs in the Department of Health and Human Services Nomination Confirmed - Senate (56 - 44)
March 25, 2025 ND HB 1332 Appropriates $30 Million for an Agriculture Incentive Program Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 3)
March 25, 2025 National PN 12-28 Nomination of Martin Makary to be Commissioner of Food and Drugs in the Department of Health and Human Services Cloture Invoked - Senate (56 - 44)
March 25, 2025 National PN 12-28 Nomination of Martin Makary to be Commissioner of Food and Drugs in the Department of Health and Human Services Cloture Invoked - Senate (56 - 44)
Date No. Title Outcome
5/07 HB 2157 Establishes the Oklahoma Agrivoltaics Act Bill Failed - Senate (21 - 22)
5/07 SB 554 Prohibits Banks and Credit Unions from Denying Loans to Agriculture Producers Based on Their Lack of Commitment to Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Factors Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 11)
5/06 HB 25-1274 Authorizes the Colorado Secretary of State to Issue Ballot Measures to Fund the Universal School Meals Program Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 11)
4/30 HB 969 Prohibits Landfills on the Agricultural Land Best Suited for Farming Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (24 - 1)
4/30 HB 969 Prohibits Landfills on the Agricultural Land Best Suited for Farming Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (24 - 1)
4/30 HB 1910 Authorizes the Conservation Commission to Create Guidelines Aimed at Fostering Urban Agriculture within Oklahoma's Urban Counties Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 8)
4/30 LD 588 Establishes the Agricultural Employees Concerted Activity Protection Act "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (21 - 13)
4/28 SF 491 Prohibits Remote-Piloted Drones Over Farmstead Without Landowner's Permission (42 - 8)
4/22 SB 295 Establishes Sidewalk Vending Laws and Framework for Compact Food Cart Vendors Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 4)
4/21 HB 134 Prohibits Schools From Selling Food Containing Red 40 Dyes Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 0)
4/17 SB 992 Authorizes Stores That Accept Bottle Returns to Refuse Service After 8:00 PM, and Authorizes State Approval of Alternative Redemption Centers Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 1)
4/16 HB 1332 Appropriates $30 Million for an Agriculture Incentive Program Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 5)
4/16 HB 2572 Establishes New Provisions for Irrigation Grandfathered Rights Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 14)
4/16 SB 700 Establishes the 2025 Florida Farm Bill and Prohibits Fluoride in Water Supplies Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 9)
4/14 HB 1318 Increases the Standard for Proving Liability for Lawsuits Involving Pesticides Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
4/08 SB 217 Requires the Department of Human Services to Request a Waiver to Exclude Candy and Soft Drinks from Eligible Foods Under the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 4)
4/07 HB 508 Exempts Capital Gains from State Income Tax Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 6)
4/07 SF 608 Amends and Updates the Grain Indemnity Program Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 8)
4/02 SB 100 Exempts Nonprofit Agricultural Membership Organizations From Insurance Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 0)
3/26 SF 394 Increases Pesticide Liability Immunity Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 21)
3/25 PN 12-28 Nomination of Martin Makary to be Commissioner of Food and Drugs in the Department of Health and Human Services Nomination Confirmed - Senate (56 - 44)
3/25 PN 12-28 Nomination of Martin Makary to be Commissioner of Food and Drugs in the Department of Health and Human Services Nomination Confirmed - Senate (56 - 44)
3/25 HB 1332 Appropriates $30 Million for an Agriculture Incentive Program Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 3)
3/25 PN 12-28 Nomination of Martin Makary to be Commissioner of Food and Drugs in the Department of Health and Human Services Cloture Invoked - Senate (56 - 44)
3/25 PN 12-28 Nomination of Martin Makary to be Commissioner of Food and Drugs in the Department of Health and Human Services Cloture Invoked - Senate (56 - 44)

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