Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
July 24, 2025 National PN 25-54 Nomination of Richard Topping to be Chief Financial Officer, Department of Veterans Affairs Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 46)
July 23, 2025 National PN 22-25 Nomination of Arielle Roth to be Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and Information Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 41)
July 23, 2025 National PN 24-3 Nomination of John Hurley to be Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Crimes Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 47)
July 23, 2025 National PN 25-53 Nomination of Aaron Szabo to be an Assistant Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency Nomination Confirmed - Senate (49 - 47)
July 23, 2025 National PN 25-53 Nomination of Aaron Szabo to be an Assistant Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency Cloture Invoked - Senate (48 - 47)
July 23, 2025 National PN 22-15 Nomination of Matthew Lohmmeier to be Under Secretary of the Air Force Cloture Invoked - Senate (49 - 47)
July 22, 2025 National PN 26-11 Nomination of Terrance Cole to be Administrator of Drug Enforcement Nomination Confirmed - Senate (50 - 47)
July 22, 2025 National PN 26-27 Nomination of Aaron Lukas to be Principal Deputy Director of National Intelligence Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 46)
July 21, 2025 OH HB 96 Appropriates Funding for the Fiscal Year 2025-2026 State Budget Veto Override Passed - House (61 - 28)
July 21, 2025 National PN 26-11 Nomination of Terrance Cole to be Administrator of Drug Enforcement Cloture Invoked - Senate (44 - 43)
July 21, 2025 National HR 3095 To direct the United States Postal Service to designate single, unique ZIP Codes for certain communities, and for other purposes. Bill Passed - House (278 - 121)
July 17, 2025 CA AB 104 Requires Changes to the Budget by Adding, Removing, or Updating Funding for Certain Programs. Concurrence Vote Passed - House (73 - 1)
July 17, 2025 CA SB 119 Appropriates Funding for the Public Social Services Trailer Bill Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
July 17, 2025 CA AB 138 Authorizes Agreements Entered Into by the State and Certain State Employee Bargaining Units Concurrence Vote Passed - House (67 - 4)
July 17, 2025 CA AB 104 Requires Changes to the Budget by Adding, Removing, or Updating Funding for Certain Programs. Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 3)
July 17, 2025 CA AB 138 Authorizes Agreements Entered Into by the State and Certain State Employee Bargaining Units Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
July 17, 2025 CA AB 17 Requires County Election Offices to Post Up-to-date Precinct Maps Online Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
July 17, 2025 National PN 24-3 Nomination of John Hurley to be Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Crimes Cloture Invoked - Senate (46 - 36)
July 17, 2025 National PN 22-25 Nomination of Arielle Roth to be Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and Information Cloture Invoked - Senate (50 - 34)
July 17, 2025 National PN 26-27 Nomination of Aaron Lukas to be Principal Deputy Director of National Intelligence Cloture Invoked - Senate (49 - 40)
July 15, 2025 National PN 22-26 Nomination of Anthony Tata to be Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 46)
July 15, 2025 National PN 26-15 Nomination of Joseph Edlow to be Director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, Department of Homeland Security Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 47)
July 15, 2025 National PN 25-39 Nomination of Luke Pettit to be an Assistant Secretary of the Treasury Nomination Confirmed - Senate (69 - 30)
July 15, 2025 National PN 22-26 Nomination of Anthony Tata to be Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 47)
July 15, 2025 National PN 26-15 Nomination of Joseph Edlow to be Director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, Department of Homeland Security Cloture Invoked - Senate (50 - 46)
Date No. Title Outcome
7/24 PN 25-54 Nomination of Richard Topping to be Chief Financial Officer, Department of Veterans Affairs Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 46)
7/23 PN 22-25 Nomination of Arielle Roth to be Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and Information Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 41)
7/23 PN 24-3 Nomination of John Hurley to be Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Crimes Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 47)
7/23 PN 25-53 Nomination of Aaron Szabo to be an Assistant Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency Nomination Confirmed - Senate (49 - 47)
7/23 PN 25-53 Nomination of Aaron Szabo to be an Assistant Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency Cloture Invoked - Senate (48 - 47)
7/23 PN 22-15 Nomination of Matthew Lohmmeier to be Under Secretary of the Air Force Cloture Invoked - Senate (49 - 47)
7/22 PN 26-11 Nomination of Terrance Cole to be Administrator of Drug Enforcement Nomination Confirmed - Senate (50 - 47)
7/22 PN 26-27 Nomination of Aaron Lukas to be Principal Deputy Director of National Intelligence Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 46)
7/21 HB 96 Appropriates Funding for the Fiscal Year 2025-2026 State Budget Veto Override Passed - House (61 - 28)
7/21 PN 26-11 Nomination of Terrance Cole to be Administrator of Drug Enforcement Cloture Invoked - Senate (44 - 43)
7/21 HR 3095 To direct the United States Postal Service to designate single, unique ZIP Codes for certain communities, and for other purposes. Bill Passed - House (278 - 121)
7/17 AB 104 Requires Changes to the Budget by Adding, Removing, or Updating Funding for Certain Programs. Concurrence Vote Passed - House (73 - 1)
7/17 SB 119 Appropriates Funding for the Public Social Services Trailer Bill Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
7/17 AB 138 Authorizes Agreements Entered Into by the State and Certain State Employee Bargaining Units Concurrence Vote Passed - House (67 - 4)
7/17 AB 104 Requires Changes to the Budget by Adding, Removing, or Updating Funding for Certain Programs. Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 3)
7/17 AB 138 Authorizes Agreements Entered Into by the State and Certain State Employee Bargaining Units Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 9)
7/17 AB 17 Requires County Election Offices to Post Up-to-date Precinct Maps Online Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
7/17 PN 24-3 Nomination of John Hurley to be Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Crimes Cloture Invoked - Senate (46 - 36)
7/17 PN 22-25 Nomination of Arielle Roth to be Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and Information Cloture Invoked - Senate (50 - 34)
7/17 PN 26-27 Nomination of Aaron Lukas to be Principal Deputy Director of National Intelligence Cloture Invoked - Senate (49 - 40)
7/15 PN 22-26 Nomination of Anthony Tata to be Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 46)
7/15 PN 26-15 Nomination of Joseph Edlow to be Director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, Department of Homeland Security Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 47)
7/15 PN 25-39 Nomination of Luke Pettit to be an Assistant Secretary of the Treasury Nomination Confirmed - Senate (69 - 30)
7/15 PN 22-26 Nomination of Anthony Tata to be Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 47)
7/15 PN 26-15 Nomination of Joseph Edlow to be Director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, Department of Homeland Security Cloture Invoked - Senate (50 - 46)

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