Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Nov. 5, 2025 OH HB 188 Establishes the Ohio Israel Trade and Innovation Partnership Bill Passed - House (73 - 10)
Nov. 5, 2025 OH HB 188 Establishes the Ohio Israel Trade and Innovation Partnership Bill Passed - House (73 - 10)
Oct. 30, 2025 IL SB 2339 Prohibits Employers from Firing an Immigrant Worker if Their Records Don't Match the Federal E-Verify System Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (37 - 20)
Oct. 30, 2025 National S J Res 88 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose global tariffs. Bill Passed - Senate (51 - 47)
Oct. 30, 2025 National S J Res 88 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose global tariffs. Bill Passed - Senate (51 - 47)
Oct. 29, 2025 National S J Res 77 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose duties on articles imported from Canada Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 46)
Oct. 29, 2025 National S J Res 77 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose duties on articles imported from Canada Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 46)
Oct. 28, 2025 National S J Res 81 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose duties on articles imported from Brazil. Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 48)
Oct. 28, 2025 National S J Res 81 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose duties on articles imported from Brazil. Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 48)
Oct. 21, 2025 NC SB 449 Expands Loan Program for Businesses Impacted by Hurricane Helene Conference Report Adopted - House (104 - 6)
Oct. 16, 2025 National HR 4016 Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2026 Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (50 - 44)
Oct. 16, 2025 National HR 4016 Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2026 Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (50 - 44)
Oct. 9, 2025 National S 2296 An original bill to authorize appropriations for fiscal year 2026 for military activities of the Department of Defense, for military construction, and for defense activities of the Department of Energy, to prescribe military personnel strengths for such fiscal year, and for other purposes. Bill Passed - Senate (77 - 20)
Oct. 8, 2025 MI HB 4962 Establishes the Michigan National Guard Member Benefit Fund Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
Oct. 8, 2025 National S J Res 83 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities that have not been authorized by Congress. Motion Rejected - Senate (48 - 51)
Oct. 8, 2025 National S J Res 83 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities that have not been authorized by Congress. Motion Rejected - Senate (48 - 51)
Oct. 7, 2025 PA HB 414 Establishes Protections for Service Members Against Child Custody Changes Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 0)
Oct. 1, 2025 National PN 26-10 Nomination of Hung Cao to be Under Secretary of the Navy Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 45)
Oct. 1, 2025 National PN 26-10 Nomination of Hung Cao to be Under Secretary of the Navy Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 45)
Oct. 1, 2025 National PN 26-10 Nomination of Hung Cao to be Under Secretary of the Navy Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 47)
Oct. 1, 2025 National PN 26-10 Nomination of Hung Cao to be Under Secretary of the Navy Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 47)
Oct. 1, 2025 MI HB 4962 Establishes the Michigan National Guard Member Benefit Fund Bill Passed - House (93 - 16)
Sept. 23, 2025 NC HB 358 Appropriates Funds for Disaster Relief and Extends Other Funds to Future Fiscal Years Concurrence Vote Passed - House (105 - 4)
Sept. 19, 2025 National PN 343 Nomination of Michael G. Waltz to be Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations Nomination Confirmed - Senate (47 - 43)
Sept. 19, 2025 National PN 343 Nomination of Michael G. Waltz to be Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations Cloture Invoked - Senate (47 - 45)
Date No. Title Outcome
11/05 HB 188 Establishes the Ohio Israel Trade and Innovation Partnership Bill Passed - House (73 - 10)
11/05 HB 188 Establishes the Ohio Israel Trade and Innovation Partnership Bill Passed - House (73 - 10)
10/30 SB 2339 Prohibits Employers from Firing an Immigrant Worker if Their Records Don't Match the Federal E-Verify System Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (37 - 20)
10/30 S J Res 88 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose global tariffs. Bill Passed - Senate (51 - 47)
10/30 S J Res 88 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose global tariffs. Bill Passed - Senate (51 - 47)
10/29 S J Res 77 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose duties on articles imported from Canada Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 46)
10/29 S J Res 77 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose duties on articles imported from Canada Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 46)
10/28 S J Res 81 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose duties on articles imported from Brazil. Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 48)
10/28 S J Res 81 A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose duties on articles imported from Brazil. Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 48)
10/21 SB 449 Expands Loan Program for Businesses Impacted by Hurricane Helene Conference Report Adopted - House (104 - 6)
10/16 HR 4016 Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2026 Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (50 - 44)
10/16 HR 4016 Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2026 Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (50 - 44)
10/09 S 2296 An original bill to authorize appropriations for fiscal year 2026 for military activities of the Department of Defense, for military construction, and for defense activities of the Department of Energy, to prescribe military personnel strengths for such fiscal year, and for other purposes. Bill Passed - Senate (77 - 20)
10/08 HB 4962 Establishes the Michigan National Guard Member Benefit Fund Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
10/08 S J Res 83 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities that have not been authorized by Congress. Motion Rejected - Senate (48 - 51)
10/08 S J Res 83 A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities that have not been authorized by Congress. Motion Rejected - Senate (48 - 51)
10/07 HB 414 Establishes Protections for Service Members Against Child Custody Changes Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 0)
10/01 PN 26-10 Nomination of Hung Cao to be Under Secretary of the Navy Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 45)
10/01 PN 26-10 Nomination of Hung Cao to be Under Secretary of the Navy Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 45)
10/01 PN 26-10 Nomination of Hung Cao to be Under Secretary of the Navy Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 47)
10/01 PN 26-10 Nomination of Hung Cao to be Under Secretary of the Navy Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 47)
10/01 HB 4962 Establishes the Michigan National Guard Member Benefit Fund Bill Passed - House (93 - 16)
9/23 HB 358 Appropriates Funds for Disaster Relief and Extends Other Funds to Future Fiscal Years Concurrence Vote Passed - House (105 - 4)
9/19 PN 343 Nomination of Michael G. Waltz to be Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations Nomination Confirmed - Senate (47 - 43)
9/19 PN 343 Nomination of Michael G. Waltz to be Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations Cloture Invoked - Senate (47 - 45)

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