Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Oct. 31, 2023 MI HB 4524 Amends the Revised Judicature Act (RJA) to Allow Offenders to Participate if Approved by Judge, Prosecutor, and Victim Bill Passed - House (68 - 42)
Oct. 26, 2023 TX SB 4 Increases Criminal Penalties for Immigrant Smuggling or Operating a Stash House Bill Passed - House (92 - 54)
Oct. 26, 2023 TX SB 4 Increases Criminal Penalties for Immigrant Smuggling or Operating a Stash House Bill Passed - House (92 - 54)
Oct. 18, 2023 MA H 4139 Amends and Updates Various State Gun Control Laws Bill Passed - House (120 - 38)
Oct. 18, 2023 MA H 4135 Amends and Updates Various State Gun Control Laws Bill Passed - House (120 - 38)
Oct. 18, 2023 MA H 4135 Amends and Updates Various State Gun Control Laws Bill Passed - House (120 - 38)
Oct. 18, 2023 MI SB 351 Prohibits Discriminatory Practices in Public Places Against Breastfeeding or Breast Pumping Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 12)
Oct. 18, 2023 MI SB 351 Prohibits Discriminatory Practices in Public Places Against Breastfeeding or Breast Pumping Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 12)
Oct. 17, 2023 WI AB 465 Prohibits Gender Affirming Care for Minors Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 10)
Oct. 17, 2023 WI SB 139 Establishes a Statewide Wolf Population Goal Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 10)
Oct. 13, 2023 MI HB 4718 Prohibits the Use of the "Gay Panic Defense" to Justify Assault Crimes Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
Oct. 13, 2023 MI HB 4718 Prohibits the Use of the "Gay Panic Defense" to Justify Assault Crimes Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
Oct. 12, 2023 TX SB 11 Establishes a New State Crime for Illegally Entering Texas from a Foreign Nation Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 12)
Oct. 12, 2023 TX SB 4 Increases Criminal Penalties for Immigrant Smuggling or Operating a Stash House Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 12)
Oct. 12, 2023 TX SB 4 Increases Criminal Penalties for Immigrant Smuggling or Operating a Stash House Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 12)
Oct. 12, 2023 WI AB 465 Prohibits Gender Affirming Care for Minors Bill Passed - House (63 - 35)
Oct. 12, 2023 WI AB 377 Prohibits Transgender Girls from Playing on Female Sports Teams Bill Passed - House (63 - 35)
Oct. 5, 2023 MI SB 441 Amends Reporting Requirements for the Commercial Fishing Industry Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 16)
Sept. 29, 2023 National HR 5525 Continuing Appropriations and Border Security Enhancement Act, 2024 Bill Failed - House (198 - 232)
Sept. 28, 2023 National S J Res 24 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service relating to "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Endangered Species Status for Northern Long-Eared Bat". Veto Override Failed - Senate (47 - 45)
Sept. 28, 2023 National S J Res 9 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service relating to "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Lesser Prairie-Chicken; Threatened Status with Section 4(d) Rule for the Northern Distinct Population Segment and Endangered Status for the Southern Distinct Population Segment". Veto Override Failed - Senate (47 - 46)
Sept. 27, 2023 MI HB 4568 Authorizes Motor Vehicle Hiring to Transport Voters to Polls Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
Sept. 19, 2023 NC SB 189 Amends Legal Classification and Penalties for Crimes Related to Fentanyl Distribution Bill Passed - House (81 - 20)
Sept. 19, 2023 NC SB 189 Amends Legal Classification and Penalties for Crimes Related to Fentanyl Distribution Bill Passed - House (81 - 20)
Sept. 14, 2023 CA AB 524 Prohibits Employment Discrimination for Those With Family Caregiver Status Concurrence Vote Passed - House (49 - 17)
Date No. Title Outcome
10/31 HB 4524 Amends the Revised Judicature Act (RJA) to Allow Offenders to Participate if Approved by Judge, Prosecutor, and Victim Bill Passed - House (68 - 42)
10/26 SB 4 Increases Criminal Penalties for Immigrant Smuggling or Operating a Stash House Bill Passed - House (92 - 54)
10/26 SB 4 Increases Criminal Penalties for Immigrant Smuggling or Operating a Stash House Bill Passed - House (92 - 54)
10/18 H 4139 Amends and Updates Various State Gun Control Laws Bill Passed - House (120 - 38)
10/18 H 4135 Amends and Updates Various State Gun Control Laws Bill Passed - House (120 - 38)
10/18 H 4135 Amends and Updates Various State Gun Control Laws Bill Passed - House (120 - 38)
10/18 SB 351 Prohibits Discriminatory Practices in Public Places Against Breastfeeding or Breast Pumping Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 12)
10/18 SB 351 Prohibits Discriminatory Practices in Public Places Against Breastfeeding or Breast Pumping Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 12)
10/17 AB 465 Prohibits Gender Affirming Care for Minors Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 10)
10/17 SB 139 Establishes a Statewide Wolf Population Goal Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 10)
10/13 HB 4718 Prohibits the Use of the "Gay Panic Defense" to Justify Assault Crimes Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
10/13 HB 4718 Prohibits the Use of the "Gay Panic Defense" to Justify Assault Crimes Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
10/12 SB 11 Establishes a New State Crime for Illegally Entering Texas from a Foreign Nation Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 12)
10/12 SB 4 Increases Criminal Penalties for Immigrant Smuggling or Operating a Stash House Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 12)
10/12 SB 4 Increases Criminal Penalties for Immigrant Smuggling or Operating a Stash House Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 12)
10/12 AB 465 Prohibits Gender Affirming Care for Minors Bill Passed - House (63 - 35)
10/12 AB 377 Prohibits Transgender Girls from Playing on Female Sports Teams Bill Passed - House (63 - 35)
10/05 SB 441 Amends Reporting Requirements for the Commercial Fishing Industry Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 16)
9/29 HR 5525 Continuing Appropriations and Border Security Enhancement Act, 2024 Bill Failed - House (198 - 232)
9/28 S J Res 24 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service relating to "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Endangered Species Status for Northern Long-Eared Bat". Veto Override Failed - Senate (47 - 45)
9/28 S J Res 9 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service relating to "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Lesser Prairie-Chicken; Threatened Status with Section 4(d) Rule for the Northern Distinct Population Segment and Endangered Status for the Southern Distinct Population Segment". Veto Override Failed - Senate (47 - 46)
9/27 HB 4568 Authorizes Motor Vehicle Hiring to Transport Voters to Polls Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
9/19 SB 189 Amends Legal Classification and Penalties for Crimes Related to Fentanyl Distribution Bill Passed - House (81 - 20)
9/19 SB 189 Amends Legal Classification and Penalties for Crimes Related to Fentanyl Distribution Bill Passed - House (81 - 20)
9/14 AB 524 Prohibits Employment Discrimination for Those With Family Caregiver Status Concurrence Vote Passed - House (49 - 17)

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