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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
April 18, 2023 TX SB 1750 Authorizes the Removal of the County Election Administrator Position Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 11)
April 18, 2023 TX SB 1600 Requires Proof of Citizenship for Voter Registration Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 11)
April 17, 2023 NV SJR 7 Amends State Constitution to Protect Reproductive Health Freedom Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (13 - 8)
April 17, 2023 TN SB 978 Requires Voters be Notified of Party Affiliation Requirements at Each Polling Place on Election Day Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 9)
April 17, 2023 TX SB 260 Establishes Voter Removal Process for Individuals Who Have Not Voted in the Previous 25 Months Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 12)
April 14, 2023 WA SB 5112 Amends the Voter Registration Process Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 13)
April 14, 2023 MN SF 2909 Appropriates Funding for the State Public Safety Omnibus Bill Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 33)
April 13, 2023 MT HB 693 Prohibits State Agencies from Denying Individual Records Request Due To Ongoing Litigation Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 2)
April 13, 2023 TX SB 1933 Increases Secretary of State Authority over Election Administration Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 12)
April 13, 2023 VT S 39 Increases Compensation and Benefits for Members of the Vermont General Assembly Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 10)
April 12, 2023 AZ SB 1021 Requires the Arizona Attorney General Defend the Constitutionality of Any Bill Signed into Law Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
April 12, 2023 WA HB 1317 Expands Reporting Rules Regarding Grassroots Lobbying Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 19)
April 12, 2023 AZ HB 2691 Requires a Video Livestream of Ballots During the Signature Matching Process Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
April 12, 2023 TX SB 1070 Authorizes the State to Discontinue Participation in the Interstate Voter Registration Crosscheck Program Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 4)
April 11, 2023 AZ HB 2305 Authorizes Party Officials Observe the Entire Ballot Signature Verification Process Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
April 11, 2023 AZ HB 2319 Amends How Judges Interpret Election Laws Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
April 11, 2023 AZ HB 2319 Amends How Judges Interpret Election Laws Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
April 10, 2023 ND HB 1230 Establishes Penalties for the Intentional Submission of Petitions with Fraudulent Signatures Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 6)
April 7, 2023 MD SB 379 Expands Absentee Ballot Deadline Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 10)
April 7, 2023 MD HB 90 Authorizes Counties and Municipalities to Regulate Invasive Bamboo Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 5)
April 6, 2023 KS SB 17 Expands Affordable Housing Conference Report Adopted - Senate (31 - 9)
April 6, 2023 KS SB 244 Amends and Provides Technical Updates to Various Codes and Statutes Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 8)
April 6, 2023 MD HB 2 Authorizes Subtraction Modification on State Income Tax for Certain Union Dues Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 12)
April 6, 2023 DE SB 57 Requires States Electoral College Delegates go to the Winner of the Popular Vote Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 3)
April 5, 2023 AZ HB 2552 Prohibits Ranked Choice Voting Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 14)
April 5, 2023 ND HB 1340 Prohibits Local Governments from Enforcing Stricter Gun Laws then Passed by the State Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 6)
April 4, 2023 AZ HB 2308 Requires the Secretary of State Recuse Themselves from Overseeing Elections in Which they are a Candidate Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 14)
April 4, 2023 AZ HB 2322 Amends and Codifies Outdated Signature Verification Guidelines Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 14)
April 4, 2023 AZ HB 2415 Authorizes the Removal of Voters from Arizona's Permanent Mail-In Voting List Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 14)
March 30, 2023 NJ S 2866 Establishes the Elections Transparency Act Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (21 - 12)
March 30, 2023 VT S 100 Expands Affordable Housing Access Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 2)
March 30, 2023 VT S 17 Establishes Reforms for Sheriffs and Deputies Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 6)
March 30, 2023 VT S 17 Establishes Reforms for Sheriffs and Deputies Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 6)
March 30, 2023 VT S 42 Requires State Pension Funds Divest from the Fossil Fuel Industry Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 8)
March 29, 2023 GA SB 133 Requires Juvenile Judges Take "Additional Steps" Before Ordering Children Into Foster Care Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (48 - 2)
March 29, 2023 GA SB 222 Requires All Election Expenses be Paid for with State Public Funds Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 21)
March 29, 2023 KS HB 2053 Appropriates Resources to Provide for a Presidential Preference Primary Election in 2024 Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 12)
March 29, 2023 ID H 286 Amends Laws Requiring Certain Information when Communicating with Voters Regarding a Bond or Levy Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 3)
March 29, 2023 National H J Res 27 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Department of Defense and the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Revised Definition of 'Waters of the United States' " Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (53 - 43)
March 29, 2023 GA HB 514 Limits Local Government Ability to Stop New Residential Building Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 12)
March 29, 2023 AZ HB 2477 Specifies the Importance of the Electoral College to United States Elections Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
March 29, 2023 VT S 32 Authorizes Ranked Choice Voting for the 2028 Presidential Primary Election Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 7)
March 28, 2023 MS HB 1310 Authorizes Restoring the Voting Rights of Military Veterans Convicted of Felonies Conference Report Adopted - Senate (36 - 16)
March 28, 2023 KS SB 291 Prohibits State Investment of Public Funds for ESG Investments Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 11)
March 27, 2023 GA SB 129 Requires Employees Get Time Off to Vote Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (46 - 3)
March 23, 2023 ID H 138 Amends Date of the State Presidential Primary from March to May Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 11)
March 22, 2023 WI SJR 21 Authorizes a Special Election to Fill Secretary of State Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (20 - 11)
March 22, 2023 WI SJR 21 Authorizes a Special Election to Fill Secretary of State Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (20 - 11)
March 22, 2023 OR SB 166 Classifies Harassment Against an Election Worker as Aggravated Harassment Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 8)
March 21, 2023 GA HB 408 Amends Sales and Use Tax Laws for Competitive Projects of Regional Significance Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 22)
March 21, 2023 AZ SB 1135 Authorizes the State to Exit the Electronic Registration Information Center Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
March 17, 2023 MD SB 859 Prohibits Requiring an Individual Give Testimony or Statements in Another State Regarding Their "Legally Protected Healthcare" Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 11)
March 15, 2023 KY HB 153 Prohibits Any Federal Ban or Regulation on Firearms Enacted in 2021 or After Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 9)
March 14, 2023 MS SB 2358 Prohibits a Third-Party From Collecting and Delivering Somebody Else's Absentee Ballot Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 13)
March 14, 2023 TX SB 2 Classifies Illegal Voting as a Felony Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 12)
March 14, 2023 TX SB 2 Classifies Illegal Voting as a Felony Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 12)
March 14, 2023 MD SB 798 Establishes a Voter Referendum for 2024 Election that Enshrines Individual's Constitutional Right to Reproductive Freedom Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 15)
March 14, 2023 MD SB 798 Establishes a Voter Referendum for 2024 Election that Enshrines Individual's Constitutional Right to Reproductive Freedom Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 15)
March 13, 2023 KY HB 236 Requires Public Pension Investments be based on Financial Risks and Returns not ESG Factors Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 5)
March 13, 2023 TN SB 955 Prohibits State Investment of Public Funds for ESG Investments Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 4)
March 11, 2023 WV SB 740 Increases Lawmakers Compensation to Equal 75% of the Per Capita Income in West Virginia Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (25 - 7)
March 9, 2023 ID H 124 Prohibits Using Student ID at Voting Polls Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 7)
March 9, 2023 TN HB 48 Reduces the Number of Nashville Metro City Council Members by Half Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 7)
March 8, 2023 NM HB 4 Expands Various Voting Rights Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 14)
March 8, 2023 National H J Res 26 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Revised Criminal Code Act Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (81 - 14)
March 7, 2023 NM HB 7 Establishes State Protections for Gender Affirming Care Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 15)
March 7, 2023 MS HB 1020 Establishes a Court System of Unelected Judges and Prosecutors for the City of Jackson, Mississippi Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 15)
March 7, 2023 IA SF 514 Restructures Iowa State Government Cabinet Positions Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 15)
March 7, 2023 AZ SB 1597 Requires On-Site Tabulation of All Election Ballots Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 14)
March 7, 2023 IA SF 514 Restructures Iowa State Government Cabinet Positions Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 15)
March 7, 2023 IA SF 478 Increases Restrictions on Information the State Auditor's Office can Obtain During Investigations Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 16)
March 6, 2023 SD SB 160 Requires Ballots be Audited Within 15 Days Following a Primary or General Election Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (34 - 1)
March 6, 2023 SD HB 1094 Reduces Tax Rates on Food and Repeals Conditional Reduction of Certain Gross Receipts Tax Rates Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 17)
March 6, 2023 AR HB 1419 Increases Number of Counties Where a Minimum Number of Signatures Must be Submitted from 15 to 50 Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 8)
March 6, 2023 ID S 1056 Repeals State Law that Prohibits Local Groups from Carrying Firearms in Public Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 9)
Date No. Title Outcome
4/18 SB 1750 Authorizes the Removal of the County Election Administrator Position Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 11)
4/18 SB 1600 Requires Proof of Citizenship for Voter Registration Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 11)
4/17 SJR 7 Amends State Constitution to Protect Reproductive Health Freedom Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (13 - 8)
4/17 SB 978 Requires Voters be Notified of Party Affiliation Requirements at Each Polling Place on Election Day Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 9)
4/17 SB 260 Establishes Voter Removal Process for Individuals Who Have Not Voted in the Previous 25 Months Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 12)
4/14 SB 5112 Amends the Voter Registration Process Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 13)
4/14 SF 2909 Appropriates Funding for the State Public Safety Omnibus Bill Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 33)
4/13 HB 693 Prohibits State Agencies from Denying Individual Records Request Due To Ongoing Litigation Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 2)
4/13 SB 1933 Increases Secretary of State Authority over Election Administration Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 12)
4/13 S 39 Increases Compensation and Benefits for Members of the Vermont General Assembly Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 10)
4/12 SB 1021 Requires the Arizona Attorney General Defend the Constitutionality of Any Bill Signed into Law Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
4/12 HB 1317 Expands Reporting Rules Regarding Grassroots Lobbying Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 19)
4/12 HB 2691 Requires a Video Livestream of Ballots During the Signature Matching Process Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
4/12 SB 1070 Authorizes the State to Discontinue Participation in the Interstate Voter Registration Crosscheck Program Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 4)
4/11 HB 2305 Authorizes Party Officials Observe the Entire Ballot Signature Verification Process Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
4/11 HB 2319 Amends How Judges Interpret Election Laws Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
4/11 HB 2319 Amends How Judges Interpret Election Laws Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
4/10 HB 1230 Establishes Penalties for the Intentional Submission of Petitions with Fraudulent Signatures Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 6)
4/07 SB 379 Expands Absentee Ballot Deadline Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 10)
4/07 HB 90 Authorizes Counties and Municipalities to Regulate Invasive Bamboo Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 5)
4/06 SB 17 Expands Affordable Housing Conference Report Adopted - Senate (31 - 9)
4/06 SB 244 Amends and Provides Technical Updates to Various Codes and Statutes Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 8)
4/06 HB 2 Authorizes Subtraction Modification on State Income Tax for Certain Union Dues Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 12)
4/06 SB 57 Requires States Electoral College Delegates go to the Winner of the Popular Vote Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 3)
4/05 HB 2552 Prohibits Ranked Choice Voting Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 14)
4/05 HB 1340 Prohibits Local Governments from Enforcing Stricter Gun Laws then Passed by the State Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 6)
4/04 HB 2308 Requires the Secretary of State Recuse Themselves from Overseeing Elections in Which they are a Candidate Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 14)
4/04 HB 2322 Amends and Codifies Outdated Signature Verification Guidelines Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 14)
4/04 HB 2415 Authorizes the Removal of Voters from Arizona's Permanent Mail-In Voting List Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 14)
3/30 S 2866 Establishes the Elections Transparency Act Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (21 - 12)
3/30 S 100 Expands Affordable Housing Access Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 2)
3/30 S 17 Establishes Reforms for Sheriffs and Deputies Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 6)
3/30 S 17 Establishes Reforms for Sheriffs and Deputies Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 6)
3/30 S 42 Requires State Pension Funds Divest from the Fossil Fuel Industry Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 8)
3/29 SB 133 Requires Juvenile Judges Take "Additional Steps" Before Ordering Children Into Foster Care Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (48 - 2)
3/29 SB 222 Requires All Election Expenses be Paid for with State Public Funds Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 21)
3/29 HB 2053 Appropriates Resources to Provide for a Presidential Preference Primary Election in 2024 Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 12)
3/29 H 286 Amends Laws Requiring Certain Information when Communicating with Voters Regarding a Bond or Levy Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 3)
3/29 H J Res 27 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Department of Defense and the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Revised Definition of 'Waters of the United States' " Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (53 - 43)
3/29 HB 514 Limits Local Government Ability to Stop New Residential Building Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 12)
3/29 HB 2477 Specifies the Importance of the Electoral College to United States Elections Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
3/29 S 32 Authorizes Ranked Choice Voting for the 2028 Presidential Primary Election Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 7)
3/28 HB 1310 Authorizes Restoring the Voting Rights of Military Veterans Convicted of Felonies Conference Report Adopted - Senate (36 - 16)
3/28 SB 291 Prohibits State Investment of Public Funds for ESG Investments Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 11)
3/27 SB 129 Requires Employees Get Time Off to Vote Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (46 - 3)
3/23 H 138 Amends Date of the State Presidential Primary from March to May Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 11)
3/22 SJR 21 Authorizes a Special Election to Fill Secretary of State Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (20 - 11)
3/22 SJR 21 Authorizes a Special Election to Fill Secretary of State Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (20 - 11)
3/22 SB 166 Classifies Harassment Against an Election Worker as Aggravated Harassment Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 8)
3/21 HB 408 Amends Sales and Use Tax Laws for Competitive Projects of Regional Significance Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 22)
3/21 SB 1135 Authorizes the State to Exit the Electronic Registration Information Center Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 13)
3/17 SB 859 Prohibits Requiring an Individual Give Testimony or Statements in Another State Regarding Their "Legally Protected Healthcare" Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 11)
3/15 HB 153 Prohibits Any Federal Ban or Regulation on Firearms Enacted in 2021 or After Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 9)
3/14 SB 2358 Prohibits a Third-Party From Collecting and Delivering Somebody Else's Absentee Ballot Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 13)
3/14 SB 2 Classifies Illegal Voting as a Felony Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 12)
3/14 SB 2 Classifies Illegal Voting as a Felony Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 12)
3/14 SB 798 Establishes a Voter Referendum for 2024 Election that Enshrines Individual's Constitutional Right to Reproductive Freedom Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 15)
3/14 SB 798 Establishes a Voter Referendum for 2024 Election that Enshrines Individual's Constitutional Right to Reproductive Freedom Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 15)
3/13 HB 236 Requires Public Pension Investments be based on Financial Risks and Returns not ESG Factors Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 5)
3/13 SB 955 Prohibits State Investment of Public Funds for ESG Investments Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 4)
3/11 SB 740 Increases Lawmakers Compensation to Equal 75% of the Per Capita Income in West Virginia Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (25 - 7)
3/09 H 124 Prohibits Using Student ID at Voting Polls Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 7)
3/09 HB 48 Reduces the Number of Nashville Metro City Council Members by Half Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 7)
3/08 HB 4 Expands Various Voting Rights Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 14)
3/08 H J Res 26 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Revised Criminal Code Act Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (81 - 14)
3/07 HB 7 Establishes State Protections for Gender Affirming Care Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 15)
3/07 HB 1020 Establishes a Court System of Unelected Judges and Prosecutors for the City of Jackson, Mississippi Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 15)
3/07 SF 514 Restructures Iowa State Government Cabinet Positions Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 15)
3/07 SB 1597 Requires On-Site Tabulation of All Election Ballots Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 14)
3/07 SF 514 Restructures Iowa State Government Cabinet Positions Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 15)
3/07 SF 478 Increases Restrictions on Information the State Auditor's Office can Obtain During Investigations Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 16)
3/06 SB 160 Requires Ballots be Audited Within 15 Days Following a Primary or General Election Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (34 - 1)
3/06 HB 1094 Reduces Tax Rates on Food and Repeals Conditional Reduction of Certain Gross Receipts Tax Rates Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 17)
3/06 HB 1419 Increases Number of Counties Where a Minimum Number of Signatures Must be Submitted from 15 to 50 Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 8)
3/06 S 1056 Repeals State Law that Prohibits Local Groups from Carrying Firearms in Public Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 9)
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