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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
April 10, 2023 OR SB 326 Requires Owner of Property Where the Manufacture of Marijuana Takes Place to Clean Up Waste Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 12)
April 7, 2023 MD HB 90 Authorizes Counties and Municipalities to Regulate Invasive Bamboo Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 5)
April 6, 2023 MD SB 424 Establishes an Environmental Product Declaration Assistance Fund and a Maximum Acceptable Global Warming Potential for Certain Construction Materials Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 8)
April 5, 2023 AZ HB 2509 Authorizes the Individual Sale of "Cottage Foods" or Home Baked Goods Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 4)
April 5, 2023 NC HB 149 Appropriates Emergency Funding for the Disaster Recovery Act Part I Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
April 5, 2023 NC HB 149 Appropriates Emergency Funding for the Disaster Recovery Act Part I Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
April 5, 2023 TX SB 2015 Establishes a 50% Dispatchable Energy Generation Goal for the ERCOT Grid Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
April 5, 2023 TX SB 6 Establishes the Texas Energy Insurance Program Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 9)
April 5, 2023 TX SB 1287 Requires the Texas Public Utility Commission (PUC) Establish a Cost Cap to Reduce Transmission Costs for Consumers Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 12)
April 5, 2023 TX SB 2015 Establishes a 50% Dispatchable Energy Generation Goal for the ERCOT Grid Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
April 4, 2023 MT SB 557 Amends Environmental Policy Act Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 20)
April 3, 2023 CO SB 23-163 Classifies Wildlife Officers as State Troopers Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
April 3, 2023 CO SB 23-163 Classifies Wildlife Officers as State Troopers Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
March 30, 2023 CO HB 23-1011 Authorizes Individuals Right to Repair Agriculture Equipment Conference Report Adopted - Senate (23 - 10)
March 30, 2023 ID H 173 Prohibits Foreign Governments from Buying Agricultural Land in Idaho Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
March 29, 2023 National H J Res 27 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Department of Defense and the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Revised Definition of 'Waters of the United States' " Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (53 - 43)
March 28, 2023 OR SB 644 Amends Requirements Relating to Wildfire Hazard Mitigation and Accessory Dwelling Units on Land Zoned for Rural Residential Use Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 2)
March 24, 2023 IL SB 1883 Prohibits Human Contact With Bears or Other Nonhuman Primates Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 9)
March 23, 2023 SC S 576 Prohibits Citizens of "Foreign Adversary" Nations from Buying Property in the State Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
March 23, 2023 IL SB 1560 Increases Fees and Oversight on the Timber Buying Industry Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 14)
March 20, 2023 NJ S 3333 Prohibits Water Utility from Taking Certain Action if Utility Doesn't Sign Up for Low Income Household Water Assistance Program. Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 0)
March 15, 2023 OR SB 545 Requires the Oregon Health Authority to Adopt Rules Allowing Restaurants to Allow Consumers to Use Their Own Takeout Containers Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 8)
March 14, 2023 MN HF 5 Expands Access to Free School Lunches Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 26)
March 13, 2023 KY HB 236 Requires Public Pension Investments be based on Financial Risks and Returns not ESG Factors Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 5)
March 13, 2023 AR HB 1307 Requires the State Divest from Financial Companies that Follow Certain Sociopolitical Guidelines Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 9)
March 7, 2023 IA SF 507 Prohibits Investment of Public Funds from Management by Firms that Account for "Environmental, Social and Governance Factors" Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 16)
March 6, 2023 IA SF 411 Amends Regulation of Energy Sources by Counties and Cities Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 6)
March 3, 2023 UT HB 450 Specifies HOAs Cannot Prohibit Homeowners from Installing Water-Efficient Landscaping Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 6)
March 3, 2023 UT HB 137 Establishes Brine Shrimp as the State Crustacean Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 3)
March 2, 2023 VT S 5 Establishes State Clean Energy Heat Standards Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 10)
March 2, 2023 MT SB 382 Establishes the Montana Land Use Planning Act Bill Passed - Senate (44 - 6)
March 2, 2023 KY SB 4 Requires Permission from the Kentucky Public Service Commission before Retiring Fossil Fuel Electric Generators Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 8)
March 2, 2023 MT SB 208 Prohibits Local Governments from Banning or Limiting Energy Choices Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 17)
March 2, 2023 MT SB 301 Amends Property Laws Related to Lakeshore Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 18)
March 2, 2023 VT S 5 Establishes State Clean Energy Heat Standards Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 10)
March 1, 2023 UT HB 301 Reduces State Gas Tax and Increases Fees for EV Charging Stations Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 5)
March 1, 2023 National H J Res 30 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to "Prudence and Loyalty in Selecting Plan Investments and Exercising Shareholder Rights" Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 46)
Feb. 24, 2023 SD HB 1090 Authorizes Protections for Farmers and Agricultural Operations from Frivolous Lawsuits Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 8)
Feb. 24, 2023 MT SB 245 Amends municipal zoning to allow multifamily and mixed use development Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 10)
Feb. 24, 2023 MT SB 275 Amends Definitions of Proposed Mixing Zones and Well Isolation Zones Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 14)
Feb. 16, 2023 VA HB 2444 Authorizes Offshore Wind Farm Energy Capacity Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 2)
Feb. 15, 2023 ND SB 2089 Appropriates $7.5 Million to Oil Companies to Reduce Natural Gas Flaring Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 5)
Feb. 14, 2023 NM SB 9 Appropriates Millions in State Funds for Environment and Cultural Conservation Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 7)
Feb. 14, 2023 NM SB 9 Appropriates Millions in State Funds for Environment and Cultural Conservation Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 7)
Feb. 13, 2023 NM SB 53 Amends Radioactive Waste Storage Rules Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 13)
Feb. 10, 2023 FL HB 9-B Amends the Reedy Creek Improvement District for Orange and Osceola Counties Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 9)
Feb. 9, 2023 HI SB 432 Defines Hawaii Coral Reefs as Critical Natural Infrastructure Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 0)
Feb. 9, 2023 HI SB 432 Defines Hawaii Coral Reefs as Critical Natural Infrastructure Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 0)
Feb. 9, 2023 CO SB 23-128 Appropriates Funding for the State Department of Public Health and Environment Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
Jan. 27, 2023 MT SB 85 Amends Law Regarding Grizzly Bear Population Management Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 12)
Jan. 27, 2023 MT SB 85 Amends Law Regarding Grizzly Bear Population Management Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 12)
Date No. Title Outcome
4/10 SB 326 Requires Owner of Property Where the Manufacture of Marijuana Takes Place to Clean Up Waste Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 12)
4/07 HB 90 Authorizes Counties and Municipalities to Regulate Invasive Bamboo Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 5)
4/06 SB 424 Establishes an Environmental Product Declaration Assistance Fund and a Maximum Acceptable Global Warming Potential for Certain Construction Materials Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 8)
4/05 HB 2509 Authorizes the Individual Sale of "Cottage Foods" or Home Baked Goods Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 4)
4/05 HB 149 Appropriates Emergency Funding for the Disaster Recovery Act Part I Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
4/05 HB 149 Appropriates Emergency Funding for the Disaster Recovery Act Part I Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
4/05 SB 2015 Establishes a 50% Dispatchable Energy Generation Goal for the ERCOT Grid Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
4/05 SB 6 Establishes the Texas Energy Insurance Program Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 9)
4/05 SB 1287 Requires the Texas Public Utility Commission (PUC) Establish a Cost Cap to Reduce Transmission Costs for Consumers Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 12)
4/05 SB 2015 Establishes a 50% Dispatchable Energy Generation Goal for the ERCOT Grid Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
4/04 SB 557 Amends Environmental Policy Act Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 20)
4/03 SB 23-163 Classifies Wildlife Officers as State Troopers Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
4/03 SB 23-163 Classifies Wildlife Officers as State Troopers Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
3/30 HB 23-1011 Authorizes Individuals Right to Repair Agriculture Equipment Conference Report Adopted - Senate (23 - 10)
3/30 H 173 Prohibits Foreign Governments from Buying Agricultural Land in Idaho Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
3/29 H J Res 27 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Department of Defense and the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Revised Definition of 'Waters of the United States' " Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (53 - 43)
3/28 SB 644 Amends Requirements Relating to Wildfire Hazard Mitigation and Accessory Dwelling Units on Land Zoned for Rural Residential Use Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 2)
3/24 SB 1883 Prohibits Human Contact With Bears or Other Nonhuman Primates Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 9)
3/23 S 576 Prohibits Citizens of "Foreign Adversary" Nations from Buying Property in the State Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
3/23 SB 1560 Increases Fees and Oversight on the Timber Buying Industry Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 14)
3/20 S 3333 Prohibits Water Utility from Taking Certain Action if Utility Doesn't Sign Up for Low Income Household Water Assistance Program. Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 0)
3/15 SB 545 Requires the Oregon Health Authority to Adopt Rules Allowing Restaurants to Allow Consumers to Use Their Own Takeout Containers Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 8)
3/14 HF 5 Expands Access to Free School Lunches Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 26)
3/13 HB 236 Requires Public Pension Investments be based on Financial Risks and Returns not ESG Factors Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 5)
3/13 HB 1307 Requires the State Divest from Financial Companies that Follow Certain Sociopolitical Guidelines Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 9)
3/07 SF 507 Prohibits Investment of Public Funds from Management by Firms that Account for "Environmental, Social and Governance Factors" Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 16)
3/06 SF 411 Amends Regulation of Energy Sources by Counties and Cities Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 6)
3/03 HB 450 Specifies HOAs Cannot Prohibit Homeowners from Installing Water-Efficient Landscaping Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 6)
3/03 HB 137 Establishes Brine Shrimp as the State Crustacean Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 3)
3/02 S 5 Establishes State Clean Energy Heat Standards Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 10)
3/02 SB 382 Establishes the Montana Land Use Planning Act Bill Passed - Senate (44 - 6)
3/02 SB 4 Requires Permission from the Kentucky Public Service Commission before Retiring Fossil Fuel Electric Generators Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 8)
3/02 SB 208 Prohibits Local Governments from Banning or Limiting Energy Choices Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 17)
3/02 SB 301 Amends Property Laws Related to Lakeshore Regulations Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 18)
3/02 S 5 Establishes State Clean Energy Heat Standards Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 10)
3/01 HB 301 Reduces State Gas Tax and Increases Fees for EV Charging Stations Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 5)
3/01 H J Res 30 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to "Prudence and Loyalty in Selecting Plan Investments and Exercising Shareholder Rights" Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 46)
2/24 HB 1090 Authorizes Protections for Farmers and Agricultural Operations from Frivolous Lawsuits Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 8)
2/24 SB 245 Amends municipal zoning to allow multifamily and mixed use development Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 10)
2/24 SB 275 Amends Definitions of Proposed Mixing Zones and Well Isolation Zones Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 14)
2/16 HB 2444 Authorizes Offshore Wind Farm Energy Capacity Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 2)
2/15 SB 2089 Appropriates $7.5 Million to Oil Companies to Reduce Natural Gas Flaring Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 5)
2/14 SB 9 Appropriates Millions in State Funds for Environment and Cultural Conservation Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 7)
2/14 SB 9 Appropriates Millions in State Funds for Environment and Cultural Conservation Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 7)
2/13 SB 53 Amends Radioactive Waste Storage Rules Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 13)
2/10 HB 9-B Amends the Reedy Creek Improvement District for Orange and Osceola Counties Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 9)
2/09 SB 432 Defines Hawaii Coral Reefs as Critical Natural Infrastructure Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 0)
2/09 SB 432 Defines Hawaii Coral Reefs as Critical Natural Infrastructure Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 0)
2/09 SB 23-128 Appropriates Funding for the State Department of Public Health and Environment Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
1/27 SB 85 Amends Law Regarding Grizzly Bear Population Management Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 12)
1/27 SB 85 Amends Law Regarding Grizzly Bear Population Management Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 12)
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