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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
April 6, 2023 MD SB 424 Establishes an Environmental Product Declaration Assistance Fund and a Maximum Acceptable Global Warming Potential for Certain Construction Materials Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 8)
March 31, 2023 MD HB 794 Establishes the Baltimore Regional Transit Commission Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 8)
March 31, 2023 NE LB 683 Amends Laws Concerning Broadband Rules Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 2)
March 30, 2023 GA HB 189 Amends Regulations Regarding Dimensions and Limits of Vehicles on Certain Roads Conference Report Adopted - Senate (37 - 16)
March 30, 2023 KY HB 135 Establishes a Legal Framework for the Use of Fully Autonomous Vehicles in Kentucky Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 16)
March 30, 2023 VT S 17 Establishes Reforms for Sheriffs and Deputies Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 6)
March 27, 2023 GA SB 146 Authorizes Electric Vehicle Owners to Purchase Electricity by the Amount of Power Used Instead of Time Spent Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (51 - 4)
March 23, 2023 TN SB 434 Prohibits Any Person from Driving a Motor Vehicle Without a Working Muffler Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 7)
March 22, 2023 ND HB 1475 Increases the State's Interstate Highway Speed Limit from 75 to 80 MPH Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 21)
March 22, 2023 IA SF 547 Increases Distracted Driving Penalties Bill Passed - Senate (47 - 3)
March 22, 2023 WI SB 92 Authorizes Law Enforcement to Impound Vehicles in Violations of Certain Laws Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 1)
March 20, 2023 MD SB 617 Prohibits Maryland Transit Administration Fare Rates from Rising or Falling Alongside Consumer Price Index Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 13)
March 20, 2023 OK SB 724 Prohibits Obstructions of the Right-of-Way on County Roads Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 2)
March 16, 2023 MD SB 545 Authorizes Towing Businesses to Close from 12-6 a.m. Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
March 14, 2023 SC S 459 Expands Alcohol Sales at Airports Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 12)
March 9, 2023 WV HB 2218 Increases Penalties for Distracted Driving Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 7)
March 7, 2023 HI SB 926 Authorizes Jaywalking if No Danger to Pedestrians Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 3)
March 2, 2023 MS HB 401 Amends State Franchise Laws to Prohibit Car Companies from Operating Their Own Dealerships Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 13)
March 1, 2023 WA SB 5120 Establishes 23-Hour Mental Health and Substance Use Crisis Relief Centers Bill Passed - Senate (47 - 0)
Feb. 22, 2023 IA SF 228 Limits Employee Liability in Commercial Vehicle Crashes Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
Feb. 21, 2023 MN HF 4 Authorizes Undocumented Residents to Obtain a State Drivers License Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 31)
Feb. 9, 2023 CT HB 6671 Appropriates Funding for School Lunches, Sustainable Aviation, Special Education, and More Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
Feb. 8, 2023 ID S 1016 Prohibits Local Governments from Requiring Unisex Multiple-Occupancy Restrooms Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 7)
Feb. 8, 2023 FL SB 6-B Establishes Unauthorized Alien Transport Program Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 12)
Feb. 6, 2023 ND SB 2362 Requires All Occupants of a Vehicle Wear a Seat Belt Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 14)
Feb. 6, 2023 VA SB 951 Prohibits Registering an Uninsured Vehicle Beginning July 1, 2024 Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 3)
Jan. 13, 2023 SD SB 41 Establishes Housing Infrastructure Fund; Appropriates Monies Therefor Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 2)
Sept. 20, 2022 MI SB 185 Expands Regulation of Drinking Water (35 - 1)
Aug. 25, 2022 CA AB 2147 Limits Police Enforcement of Prohibition on Pedestrian Jaywalking Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 7)
July 21, 2022 MA H 5034 Appropriates $3.8 Billion for Economic Development Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
July 6, 2022 PA SB 1183 Limits Use of Off-Road Vehicles; Authorizes Forfeiture Thereof Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (48 - 2)
July 1, 2022 NC HB 103 Appropriates Funds for Education, Economic Development, Transportation, etc. Conference Report Adopted - Senate (36 - 8)
July 1, 2022 NC HB 103 Appropriates Funds for Education, Economic Development, Transportation, etc. Conference Report Adopted - Senate (36 - 8)
June 29, 2022 NJ S 481 Requires Automobile Insurance Policies to Provide a Minimum Amount of Liability Coverage Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 15)
June 23, 2022 RI H 7939 Authorizes Driving Permits for Undocumented Persons Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
June 16, 2022 MA H 4638 Appropriates Funds for Transportation Infrastructure Improvements Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
June 16, 2022 MA H 4638 Appropriates Funds for Transportation Infrastructure Improvements Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
June 16, 2022 NJ A 1282 Establishes Electric School Bus Program Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 15)
June 9, 2022 MA H 4805 Authorizes State Drivers Licenses for Certain Undocumented Persons Veto Override Passed - Senate (32 - 8)
June 2, 2022 LA HB 1031 Requires Annual Electric Vehicle Use Fee Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 1)
June 1, 2022 OH HB 377 Appropriates Monies for Development, Infrastructure, Elections, etc. Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 1)
May 26, 2022 MA H 4805 Authorizes State Drivers Licenses for Certain Undocumented Persons (32 - 8)
May 20, 2022 OK SB 1857 Amends the List of Vehicle Tax Credits to Include Hydrogen Vehicles Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 11)
May 16, 2022 NY S 6202 Establishes a Vehicular Violence Driver's Training Program Bill Passed - Senate (46 - 15)
May 9, 2022 CO HB 22-1314 Expands State Regulations on Non-Consensual Towing Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 4)
May 5, 2022 MA H 4470 Authorizes Driver's Licenses for Certain Undocumented Persons (32 - 8)
May 5, 2022 RI S 2006 Authorizes "Driver Privilege Cards" for Undocumented Persons (27 - 10)
May 4, 2022 CT HB 5165 Amends the Timeline for the Revision and Application of the State Plan of Conservation and Development Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
May 4, 2022 CO HB 22-1218 Requires Increased Accommodations for Electric Vehicles Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 14)
May 3, 2022 HI SB 2570 Establishes Rebate System For Zero-Emission Vehicles Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 0)
April 27, 2022 KS SB 313 Authorizes Use of Driverless Vehicles Conference Report Adopted - Senate (23 - 17)
April 19, 2022 HI SB 3311 Establishes Long-Term Goals for Zero Emissions Transporation Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (25 - 0)
April 12, 2022 NE LB 1148 Authorizes the Nebraska Motor Vehicle Industry Licensing Board to Employ a Hearing Officer Bill Passed - Senate (45 - 0)
April 5, 2022 MS SB 2822 Establishes the Mississippi Municipality and County Water Infrastructure Grant Program Act of 2022 Conference Report Adopted - Senate (50 - 0)
March 29, 2022 KS HB 2005 Establishes Elevator Safety Act Conference Report Adopted - Senate (34 - 5)
March 29, 2022 NE LB 1012 Establishes Funds for Various State Projects Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 6)
March 29, 2022 NE LB 1013 Appropriates Monies for Infrastructure, Development Projects Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 5)
March 21, 2022 CO HB 22-1104 Expands Ability of Local Governments to Install Powerline Trails Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 12)
March 17, 2022 GA HB 304 Exempts Drivers from Motor Fuel Tax Through May 31 Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 18)
March 11, 2022 WY SF 98 Limits Expenditure of COVID-19 Relief Funds Veto Override Passed - Senate (28 - 1)
March 8, 2022 IN HB 1211 Amends Law for State Regulation of Blockchain Technology and Oversight of Broadband Projects Conference Report Adopted - Senate (31 - 19)
March 7, 2022 SD HB 1174 Expands Regulations on Certain Car Parts Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 1)
March 4, 2022 FL HB 1435 Specifies Police Ability to Impound Vehicles Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 3)
March 4, 2022 UT HB 404 Requires Public Transit Districts to Conduct Cost Comparisons For Zero Emissions Projects Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 5)
March 3, 2022 OR HB 4139 Establishes a Department of Transportation Program to Reduce Emissions Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 2)
March 2, 2022 UT HB 242 Requires Metering of Secondary Water Services (22 - 3)
March 1, 2022 OR SB 1510 Prohibits Police from Stopping Drivers Due to a Defective Tail Light, Headlight, or Brake Light Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 11)
March 1, 2022 OR SB 1518 Establishes the Task Force on Resilient Efficient Buildings Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 7)
Feb. 22, 2022 WI SB 940 Authorizes Suspension of Voters for Information Discrepancies Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 12)
Feb. 15, 2022 UT SB 53 Increases the Maximum Fine for Driving Over 100mph Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 4)
Feb. 8, 2022 MD SB 146 Amends Electric Vehicle Charging Station Sign Posting Requirements Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 7)
Feb. 2, 2022 NM SB 4 Specifies Public Works Prevailing Wages and Fringe Benefits Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 4)
Sept. 2, 2021 CA SB 556 Limits the Ability of Local Governments to Regulate the Placement of Cell Wireless Facilities Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (27 - 6)
Sept. 2, 2021 CA AB 970 Reduces Obstacles to Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 9)
Aug. 10, 2021 National HR 3684 Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act Bill Passed - Senate (69 - 30)
Date No. Title Outcome
4/06 SB 424 Establishes an Environmental Product Declaration Assistance Fund and a Maximum Acceptable Global Warming Potential for Certain Construction Materials Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 8)
3/31 HB 794 Establishes the Baltimore Regional Transit Commission Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 8)
3/31 LB 683 Amends Laws Concerning Broadband Rules Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 2)
3/30 HB 189 Amends Regulations Regarding Dimensions and Limits of Vehicles on Certain Roads Conference Report Adopted - Senate (37 - 16)
3/30 HB 135 Establishes a Legal Framework for the Use of Fully Autonomous Vehicles in Kentucky Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 16)
3/30 S 17 Establishes Reforms for Sheriffs and Deputies Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 6)
3/27 SB 146 Authorizes Electric Vehicle Owners to Purchase Electricity by the Amount of Power Used Instead of Time Spent Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (51 - 4)
3/23 SB 434 Prohibits Any Person from Driving a Motor Vehicle Without a Working Muffler Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 7)
3/22 HB 1475 Increases the State's Interstate Highway Speed Limit from 75 to 80 MPH Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 21)
3/22 SF 547 Increases Distracted Driving Penalties Bill Passed - Senate (47 - 3)
3/22 SB 92 Authorizes Law Enforcement to Impound Vehicles in Violations of Certain Laws Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 1)
3/20 SB 617 Prohibits Maryland Transit Administration Fare Rates from Rising or Falling Alongside Consumer Price Index Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 13)
3/20 SB 724 Prohibits Obstructions of the Right-of-Way on County Roads Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 2)
3/16 SB 545 Authorizes Towing Businesses to Close from 12-6 a.m. Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
3/14 S 459 Expands Alcohol Sales at Airports Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 12)
3/09 HB 2218 Increases Penalties for Distracted Driving Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 7)
3/07 SB 926 Authorizes Jaywalking if No Danger to Pedestrians Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 3)
3/02 HB 401 Amends State Franchise Laws to Prohibit Car Companies from Operating Their Own Dealerships Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 13)
3/01 SB 5120 Establishes 23-Hour Mental Health and Substance Use Crisis Relief Centers Bill Passed - Senate (47 - 0)
2/22 SF 228 Limits Employee Liability in Commercial Vehicle Crashes Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 19)
2/21 HF 4 Authorizes Undocumented Residents to Obtain a State Drivers License Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 31)
2/09 HB 6671 Appropriates Funding for School Lunches, Sustainable Aviation, Special Education, and More Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 0)
2/08 S 1016 Prohibits Local Governments from Requiring Unisex Multiple-Occupancy Restrooms Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 7)
2/08 SB 6-B Establishes Unauthorized Alien Transport Program Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 12)
2/06 SB 2362 Requires All Occupants of a Vehicle Wear a Seat Belt Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 14)
2/06 SB 951 Prohibits Registering an Uninsured Vehicle Beginning July 1, 2024 Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 3)
1/13 SB 41 Establishes Housing Infrastructure Fund; Appropriates Monies Therefor Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 2)
9/20 SB 185 Expands Regulation of Drinking Water (35 - 1)
8/25 AB 2147 Limits Police Enforcement of Prohibition on Pedestrian Jaywalking Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 7)
7/21 H 5034 Appropriates $3.8 Billion for Economic Development Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
7/06 SB 1183 Limits Use of Off-Road Vehicles; Authorizes Forfeiture Thereof Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (48 - 2)
7/01 HB 103 Appropriates Funds for Education, Economic Development, Transportation, etc. Conference Report Adopted - Senate (36 - 8)
7/01 HB 103 Appropriates Funds for Education, Economic Development, Transportation, etc. Conference Report Adopted - Senate (36 - 8)
6/29 S 481 Requires Automobile Insurance Policies to Provide a Minimum Amount of Liability Coverage Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 15)
6/23 H 7939 Authorizes Driving Permits for Undocumented Persons Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
6/16 H 4638 Appropriates Funds for Transportation Infrastructure Improvements Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
6/16 H 4638 Appropriates Funds for Transportation Infrastructure Improvements Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
6/16 A 1282 Establishes Electric School Bus Program Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 15)
6/09 H 4805 Authorizes State Drivers Licenses for Certain Undocumented Persons Veto Override Passed - Senate (32 - 8)
6/02 HB 1031 Requires Annual Electric Vehicle Use Fee Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 1)
6/01 HB 377 Appropriates Monies for Development, Infrastructure, Elections, etc. Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 1)
5/26 H 4805 Authorizes State Drivers Licenses for Certain Undocumented Persons (32 - 8)
5/20 SB 1857 Amends the List of Vehicle Tax Credits to Include Hydrogen Vehicles Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 11)
5/16 S 6202 Establishes a Vehicular Violence Driver's Training Program Bill Passed - Senate (46 - 15)
5/09 HB 22-1314 Expands State Regulations on Non-Consensual Towing Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 4)
5/05 H 4470 Authorizes Driver's Licenses for Certain Undocumented Persons (32 - 8)
5/05 S 2006 Authorizes "Driver Privilege Cards" for Undocumented Persons (27 - 10)
5/04 HB 5165 Amends the Timeline for the Revision and Application of the State Plan of Conservation and Development Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
5/04 HB 22-1218 Requires Increased Accommodations for Electric Vehicles Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 14)
5/03 SB 2570 Establishes Rebate System For Zero-Emission Vehicles Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 0)
4/27 SB 313 Authorizes Use of Driverless Vehicles Conference Report Adopted - Senate (23 - 17)
4/19 SB 3311 Establishes Long-Term Goals for Zero Emissions Transporation Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (25 - 0)
4/12 LB 1148 Authorizes the Nebraska Motor Vehicle Industry Licensing Board to Employ a Hearing Officer Bill Passed - Senate (45 - 0)
4/05 SB 2822 Establishes the Mississippi Municipality and County Water Infrastructure Grant Program Act of 2022 Conference Report Adopted - Senate (50 - 0)
3/29 HB 2005 Establishes Elevator Safety Act Conference Report Adopted - Senate (34 - 5)
3/29 LB 1012 Establishes Funds for Various State Projects Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 6)
3/29 LB 1013 Appropriates Monies for Infrastructure, Development Projects Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 5)
3/21 HB 22-1104 Expands Ability of Local Governments to Install Powerline Trails Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 12)
3/17 HB 304 Exempts Drivers from Motor Fuel Tax Through May 31 Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 18)
3/11 SF 98 Limits Expenditure of COVID-19 Relief Funds Veto Override Passed - Senate (28 - 1)
3/08 HB 1211 Amends Law for State Regulation of Blockchain Technology and Oversight of Broadband Projects Conference Report Adopted - Senate (31 - 19)
3/07 HB 1174 Expands Regulations on Certain Car Parts Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 1)
3/04 HB 1435 Specifies Police Ability to Impound Vehicles Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 3)
3/04 HB 404 Requires Public Transit Districts to Conduct Cost Comparisons For Zero Emissions Projects Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 5)
3/03 HB 4139 Establishes a Department of Transportation Program to Reduce Emissions Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 2)
3/02 HB 242 Requires Metering of Secondary Water Services (22 - 3)
3/01 SB 1510 Prohibits Police from Stopping Drivers Due to a Defective Tail Light, Headlight, or Brake Light Bill Passed - Senate (16 - 11)
3/01 SB 1518 Establishes the Task Force on Resilient Efficient Buildings Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 7)
2/22 SB 940 Authorizes Suspension of Voters for Information Discrepancies Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 12)
2/15 SB 53 Increases the Maximum Fine for Driving Over 100mph Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 4)
2/08 SB 146 Amends Electric Vehicle Charging Station Sign Posting Requirements Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 7)
2/02 SB 4 Specifies Public Works Prevailing Wages and Fringe Benefits Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 4)
9/02 SB 556 Limits the Ability of Local Governments to Regulate the Placement of Cell Wireless Facilities Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (27 - 6)
9/02 AB 970 Reduces Obstacles to Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 9)
8/10 HR 3684 Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act Bill Passed - Senate (69 - 30)
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