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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
May 27, 2020 MI HB 5217 Authorizes Compensation for College Athletes Bill Passed - House (94 - 13)
March 13, 2020 FL SB 646 Authorizes Compensation for College Athletes Bill Passed - House (98 - 14)
March 12, 2020 MS HB 1200 Prohibits "Free Speech Zones" on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (68 - 52)
March 11, 2020 NH HB 1500 Establishes a Student Loan Ombudsman and a Student Loan "Bill of Rights" Bill Passed - House (197 - 128)
March 10, 2020 UT HB 246 Establishes Additional Psychiatry Positions at the University of Utah Concurrence Vote Passed - House (59 - 10)
March 5, 2020 WA SB 6561 Establishes a Student Loan Program for Undocumented Students Bill Passed - House (82 - 15)
March 4, 2020 CO SB 20-123 Authorizes Compensation for College Athletes Bill Passed - House (55 - 9)
March 3, 2020 SD SB 147 Prohibits Collective Bargaining by Certain University Employees Bill Passed - House (47 - 19)
March 3, 2020 AZ HB 2706 Prohibits Transgender Female Students from Sports Designated for Females Bill Passed - House (31 - 29)
Feb. 27, 2020 AZ HB 2790 Authorizes Community Colleges Offer Four-Year Degree Programs Bill Passed - House (42 - 18)
Feb. 26, 2020 ID H 500 Prohibits Transgender Female Students from Sports designated for Females Bill Passed - House (52 - 17)
Feb. 24, 2020 VA SB 935 Authorizes In-State Tuition for Undocumented Students Bill Passed - House (56 - 44)
Feb. 21, 2020 SD HB 1081 Exempts from Regulations Certain Uses of Alcohol by Postsecondary Institutions Concurrence Vote Passed - House (54 - 12)
Feb. 6, 2020 WA SB 6492 Amends the Business and Occupation Tax for Workforce Education Investment Funding Bill Passed - House (52 - 45)
Jan. 29, 2020 National HR 3621 Comprehensive CREDIT Act of 2020 Bill Passed - House (221 - 189)
Jan. 27, 2020 VA HB 10 Establishes Rules for Student Loan Lenders Bill Passed - House (84 - 15)
Jan. 16, 2020 National H J Res 76 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to "Borrower Defense Institutional Accountability" Bill Passed - House (231 - 180)
Nov. 25, 2019 NJ S 2055 Authorizes Student Financial Aid for Incarcerated Persons Bill Passed - House (41 - 27)
Oct. 30, 2019 NC HB 231 Authorizes Pay Raises for UNC Systems and Community College Employees Concurrence Vote Passed - House (61 - 49)
Oct. 30, 2019 IL HB 3904 Authorizes Student Athletes to Receive Compensation for Use of Their Name, Image, or Likeness Bill Passed - House (86 - 25)
Oct. 29, 2019 IL SB 1970 Authorizes Student Absences for Voting Bill Passed - House (74 - 40)
Sept. 24, 2019 MI HB 4236 Establishes a Higher Education Budget for Fiscal Year 2019-2020 Conference Report Adopted - House (58 - 51)
July 22, 2019 KY HB 1 Establishes a State of Emergency for the Kentucky Employees Retirement System Bill Passed - House (52 - 46)
June 13, 2019 ME LD 799 Establishes the Maine Health Care Provider Loan Repayment Program Bill Passed - House (95 - 46)
June 4, 2019 OR SB 731 Authorizes College and University Student Governments to Take Positions on Initiatives and Ballot Measures Bill Passed - House (42 - 13)
June 3, 2019 ME LD 665 Prohibits Restrictions of Free Speech on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (87 - 51)
May 28, 2019 OR SB 3 Authorizes Community Colleges to Offer Applied Baccalaureate Degree Programs Bill Passed - House (45 - 10)
May 28, 2019 CA AB 376 Establishes a Student Loan Bill of Rights Bill Passed - House (59 - 15)
May 20, 2019 MN SF 2415 Appropriates Funds for Higher Education Conference Report Adopted - House (84 - 49)
May 8, 2019 NH SB 12 Establishes Student Debt Relief Program "Ought to Pass as Amended" Report Adopted - House (201 - 134)
April 28, 2019 WA HB 2158 Establishes a Business Tax to Finance a Higher Education Fund Concurrence Vote Passed - House (52 - 46)
April 16, 2019 IA SF 188 Authorizes Stun Guns on Campuses Bill Passed - House (60 - 37)
April 16, 2019 NC HB 389 Authorizes Alcohol Sales at Public College Sporting Events Bill Passed - House (87 - 25)
April 11, 2019 IL HB 2691 Authorizes Tuition Assistance to Transgender and Undocumented Immigrant Students Bill Passed - House (66 - 47)
April 5, 2019 AR HB 1684 Authorizes In-State Tuition for DACA Students Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 19)
March 28, 2019 MD SB 793 Establishes a University Police Department at Johns Hopkins University Bill Passed - House (94 - 42)
March 28, 2019 IL HB 253 Classifies University Graduate and Research Assistants as "Employees" Bill Passed - House (72 - 37)
March 14, 2019 IA SF 274 Amends Free Speech Regulations on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (52 - 44)
March 12, 2019 SD HB 1087 Requires Protections for All Forms of Free Speech at Public Universities Concurrence Vote Passed - House (51 - 12)
March 12, 2019 KY HB 254 Requires Public Universities to Adopt Policies that Protect Freedom of Speech and Expression Bill Passed - House (64 - 33)
March 7, 2019 GA HB 444 Limits State Funding for Dual Enrollment Bill Passed - House (99 - 72)
March 6, 2019 WV SB 1 Increases Access to Career Education and Workforce Training Bill Passed - House (85 - 13)
Feb. 27, 2019 WV HB 2519 Authorizes Concealed Carry on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (59 - 41)
Oct. 9, 2018 PA SB 1090 Increases Anti Hazing Penalties and Regulations Bill Passed - House (191 - 0)
May 30, 2018 IL SB 2546 Authorizes Graduate Research Assistant Unions Bill Passed - House (66 - 49)
April 25, 2018 CT SB 4 Authorizes Financial Aid for Undocumented Students Bill Passed - House (91 - 59)
April 23, 2018 TN HB 2114 Requires Scholarship Students to Complete 30 Credits per Year Bill Failed - House (41 - 46)
April 18, 2018 CO HB 18-1391 Establishes Requirements for Sexual Misconduct Policies Bill Passed - House (34 - 28)
April 12, 2018 NJ S 699 Authorizes Financial Aid for Undocumented Students Bill Passed - House (49 - 24)
April 9, 2018 MD HB 16 Establishes Communication Campaign for Near Completers Concurrence Vote Passed - House (90 - 48)
March 29, 2018 TN SB 2260 Reorganizes University of Tennessee Board of Trustees Bill Passed - House (51 - 41)
March 14, 2018 AR HB 1008 Expands Tuition Savings Plan Bill Passed - House (62 - 16)
March 3, 2018 OR SB 1563 Authorizes Undocumented Students to Continue Receiving Financial Aid Bill Passed - House (36 - 22)
Feb. 15, 2018 AZ HB 2172 Authorizes Non-Lethal Weapons on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (35 - 22)
Feb. 13, 2018 SD HB 1199 Prohibits Collective Bargaining at Public Universities Bill Passed - House (37 - 28)
June 21, 2017 WI AB 299 Authorizes Free Speech on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (61 - 36)
May 31, 2017 IL SB 1351 Establishes Laws Governing Student Loan Servicers Bill Passed - House (63 - 48)
April 27, 2017 TX SB 4 Prohibits Sanctuary Cities Bill Passed - House (94 - 53)
April 9, 2017 WV HB 2018 Reduces State Spending Concurrence Vote Passed - House (63 - 37)
March 31, 2017 MN HF 890 Authorizes Education Funding Bill Passed - House (75 - 54)
March 30, 2017 GA HB 280 Authorizes Concealed Carry on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (96 - 70)
Feb. 22, 2017 GA HB 37 Prohibits State Funding for Sanctuary Campuses Bill Passed - House (112 - 57)
Feb. 6, 2017 ND HB 1329 Prohibits Safe Spaces at Public Universities Bill Passed - House (65 - 25)
Jan. 31, 2017 RI HB 5098 Exempts University Researchers from Public Records Requests Bill Passed - House (59 - 8)
May 17, 2016 IL HB 4167 Appropriates Funds for Monetary Award Program Grants Bill Passed - House (68 - 45)
April 25, 2016 MN HF 2749 Appropriates Funds for Education Bill Passed - House (84 - 46)
April 21, 2016 TN HB 2248 Rescinds Funding for the University of Tennessee's Diversity Office Conference Report Adopted - House (63 - 21)
April 20, 2016 TN SB 2376 Authorizes University of Tennessee Employees to Carry a Handgun on Campus Bill Passed - House (69 - 24)
April 18, 2016 TN HB 2248 Rescinds Funding for the University of Tennessee's Diversity Office Bill Passed - House (66 - 22)
March 30, 2016 MD SB 1052 Establishes Consolidated University of Maryland Bill Passed - House (92 - 44)
March 16, 2016 KS SB 175 Prohibits Discrimination Against Religious Student Associations Bill Passed - House (81 - 41)
March 12, 2016 MD HB 1002 Prohibits Firearms on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (81 - 54)
March 10, 2016 MO HB 2003 Appropriates Funds to the Department of Higher Education Bill Passed - House (108 - 46)
March 8, 2016 SD SB 159 Authorizes Education Tax Credit for Insurance Companies Bill Passed - House (45 - 23)
March 2, 2016 IL SB 2043 Appropriates Funds for Higher Education Veto Override Failed - House (69 - 48)
Date No. Title Outcome
5/27 HB 5217 Authorizes Compensation for College Athletes Bill Passed - House (94 - 13)
3/13 SB 646 Authorizes Compensation for College Athletes Bill Passed - House (98 - 14)
3/12 HB 1200 Prohibits "Free Speech Zones" on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (68 - 52)
3/11 HB 1500 Establishes a Student Loan Ombudsman and a Student Loan "Bill of Rights" Bill Passed - House (197 - 128)
3/10 HB 246 Establishes Additional Psychiatry Positions at the University of Utah Concurrence Vote Passed - House (59 - 10)
3/05 SB 6561 Establishes a Student Loan Program for Undocumented Students Bill Passed - House (82 - 15)
3/04 SB 20-123 Authorizes Compensation for College Athletes Bill Passed - House (55 - 9)
3/03 SB 147 Prohibits Collective Bargaining by Certain University Employees Bill Passed - House (47 - 19)
3/03 HB 2706 Prohibits Transgender Female Students from Sports Designated for Females Bill Passed - House (31 - 29)
2/27 HB 2790 Authorizes Community Colleges Offer Four-Year Degree Programs Bill Passed - House (42 - 18)
2/26 H 500 Prohibits Transgender Female Students from Sports designated for Females Bill Passed - House (52 - 17)
2/24 SB 935 Authorizes In-State Tuition for Undocumented Students Bill Passed - House (56 - 44)
2/21 HB 1081 Exempts from Regulations Certain Uses of Alcohol by Postsecondary Institutions Concurrence Vote Passed - House (54 - 12)
2/06 SB 6492 Amends the Business and Occupation Tax for Workforce Education Investment Funding Bill Passed - House (52 - 45)
1/29 HR 3621 Comprehensive CREDIT Act of 2020 Bill Passed - House (221 - 189)
1/27 HB 10 Establishes Rules for Student Loan Lenders Bill Passed - House (84 - 15)
1/16 H J Res 76 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to "Borrower Defense Institutional Accountability" Bill Passed - House (231 - 180)
11/25 S 2055 Authorizes Student Financial Aid for Incarcerated Persons Bill Passed - House (41 - 27)
10/30 HB 231 Authorizes Pay Raises for UNC Systems and Community College Employees Concurrence Vote Passed - House (61 - 49)
10/30 HB 3904 Authorizes Student Athletes to Receive Compensation for Use of Their Name, Image, or Likeness Bill Passed - House (86 - 25)
10/29 SB 1970 Authorizes Student Absences for Voting Bill Passed - House (74 - 40)
9/24 HB 4236 Establishes a Higher Education Budget for Fiscal Year 2019-2020 Conference Report Adopted - House (58 - 51)
7/22 HB 1 Establishes a State of Emergency for the Kentucky Employees Retirement System Bill Passed - House (52 - 46)
6/13 LD 799 Establishes the Maine Health Care Provider Loan Repayment Program Bill Passed - House (95 - 46)
6/04 SB 731 Authorizes College and University Student Governments to Take Positions on Initiatives and Ballot Measures Bill Passed - House (42 - 13)
6/03 LD 665 Prohibits Restrictions of Free Speech on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (87 - 51)
5/28 SB 3 Authorizes Community Colleges to Offer Applied Baccalaureate Degree Programs Bill Passed - House (45 - 10)
5/28 AB 376 Establishes a Student Loan Bill of Rights Bill Passed - House (59 - 15)
5/20 SF 2415 Appropriates Funds for Higher Education Conference Report Adopted - House (84 - 49)
5/08 SB 12 Establishes Student Debt Relief Program "Ought to Pass as Amended" Report Adopted - House (201 - 134)
4/28 HB 2158 Establishes a Business Tax to Finance a Higher Education Fund Concurrence Vote Passed - House (52 - 46)
4/16 SF 188 Authorizes Stun Guns on Campuses Bill Passed - House (60 - 37)
4/16 HB 389 Authorizes Alcohol Sales at Public College Sporting Events Bill Passed - House (87 - 25)
4/11 HB 2691 Authorizes Tuition Assistance to Transgender and Undocumented Immigrant Students Bill Passed - House (66 - 47)
4/05 HB 1684 Authorizes In-State Tuition for DACA Students Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 19)
3/28 SB 793 Establishes a University Police Department at Johns Hopkins University Bill Passed - House (94 - 42)
3/28 HB 253 Classifies University Graduate and Research Assistants as "Employees" Bill Passed - House (72 - 37)
3/14 SF 274 Amends Free Speech Regulations on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (52 - 44)
3/12 HB 1087 Requires Protections for All Forms of Free Speech at Public Universities Concurrence Vote Passed - House (51 - 12)
3/12 HB 254 Requires Public Universities to Adopt Policies that Protect Freedom of Speech and Expression Bill Passed - House (64 - 33)
3/07 HB 444 Limits State Funding for Dual Enrollment Bill Passed - House (99 - 72)
3/06 SB 1 Increases Access to Career Education and Workforce Training Bill Passed - House (85 - 13)
2/27 HB 2519 Authorizes Concealed Carry on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (59 - 41)
10/09 SB 1090 Increases Anti Hazing Penalties and Regulations Bill Passed - House (191 - 0)
5/30 SB 2546 Authorizes Graduate Research Assistant Unions Bill Passed - House (66 - 49)
4/25 SB 4 Authorizes Financial Aid for Undocumented Students Bill Passed - House (91 - 59)
4/23 HB 2114 Requires Scholarship Students to Complete 30 Credits per Year Bill Failed - House (41 - 46)
4/18 HB 18-1391 Establishes Requirements for Sexual Misconduct Policies Bill Passed - House (34 - 28)
4/12 S 699 Authorizes Financial Aid for Undocumented Students Bill Passed - House (49 - 24)
4/09 HB 16 Establishes Communication Campaign for Near Completers Concurrence Vote Passed - House (90 - 48)
3/29 SB 2260 Reorganizes University of Tennessee Board of Trustees Bill Passed - House (51 - 41)
3/14 HB 1008 Expands Tuition Savings Plan Bill Passed - House (62 - 16)
3/03 SB 1563 Authorizes Undocumented Students to Continue Receiving Financial Aid Bill Passed - House (36 - 22)
2/15 HB 2172 Authorizes Non-Lethal Weapons on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (35 - 22)
2/13 HB 1199 Prohibits Collective Bargaining at Public Universities Bill Passed - House (37 - 28)
6/21 AB 299 Authorizes Free Speech on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (61 - 36)
5/31 SB 1351 Establishes Laws Governing Student Loan Servicers Bill Passed - House (63 - 48)
4/27 SB 4 Prohibits Sanctuary Cities Bill Passed - House (94 - 53)
4/09 HB 2018 Reduces State Spending Concurrence Vote Passed - House (63 - 37)
3/31 HF 890 Authorizes Education Funding Bill Passed - House (75 - 54)
3/30 HB 280 Authorizes Concealed Carry on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (96 - 70)
2/22 HB 37 Prohibits State Funding for Sanctuary Campuses Bill Passed - House (112 - 57)
2/06 HB 1329 Prohibits Safe Spaces at Public Universities Bill Passed - House (65 - 25)
1/31 HB 5098 Exempts University Researchers from Public Records Requests Bill Passed - House (59 - 8)
5/17 HB 4167 Appropriates Funds for Monetary Award Program Grants Bill Passed - House (68 - 45)
4/25 HF 2749 Appropriates Funds for Education Bill Passed - House (84 - 46)
4/21 HB 2248 Rescinds Funding for the University of Tennessee's Diversity Office Conference Report Adopted - House (63 - 21)
4/20 SB 2376 Authorizes University of Tennessee Employees to Carry a Handgun on Campus Bill Passed - House (69 - 24)
4/18 HB 2248 Rescinds Funding for the University of Tennessee's Diversity Office Bill Passed - House (66 - 22)
3/30 SB 1052 Establishes Consolidated University of Maryland Bill Passed - House (92 - 44)
3/16 SB 175 Prohibits Discrimination Against Religious Student Associations Bill Passed - House (81 - 41)
3/12 HB 1002 Prohibits Firearms on College Campuses Bill Passed - House (81 - 54)
3/10 HB 2003 Appropriates Funds to the Department of Higher Education Bill Passed - House (108 - 46)
3/08 SB 159 Authorizes Education Tax Credit for Insurance Companies Bill Passed - House (45 - 23)
3/02 SB 2043 Appropriates Funds for Higher Education Veto Override Failed - House (69 - 48)
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