Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
July 27, 1999 National HR 2605 Energy FY2000 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (420 - 8)
July 15, 1999 National HR 2466 Interior Department FY2000 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (377 - 47)
July 15, 1999 National HR 2490 Appropriations bill FY2000, Treasury, Postal Service Bill Passed - House (210 - 209)
July 13, 1999 National HR 2465 Military Construction FY2000 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (418 - 4)
June 23, 1999 National HR 2084 Transportation Department FY2000 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (429 - 3)
June 10, 1999 National HR 1905 Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2000 Bill Passed - House (214 - 197)
June 8, 1999 National HR 1906 FY 2000 Agriculture Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (246 - 183)
June 8, 1999 National HR 1906 FY 2000 Agriculture Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (246 - 183)
May 18, 1999 National HR 1141 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations-Conference Report Conference Report Adopted - House (269 - 158)
May 18, 1999 National HR 1141 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations-Conference Report Conference Report Adopted - House (269 - 158)
May 6, 1999 National HR 1664 Kosovo Emergency Supplemental Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (311 - 105)
April 14, 1999 National H Con Res 68 Congressional Budget Resolution, FY 2000 Conference Report Adopted - House (220 - 208)
March 24, 1999 National H Amdt 35 Rescissions Removal Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (201 - 228)
March 24, 1999 National HR 1141 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations-Conference Report Bill Passed - House (220 - 211)
March 24, 1999 National HR 1141 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations-Conference Report Bill Passed - House (220 - 211)
March 3, 1999 National HR 669 Peace Corps Authorization Bill Bill Passed - House (326 - 90)
Oct. 20, 1998 National HR 4328 Appropriations bill FY99, Omnibus Conference Report Adopted - House (333 - 95)
Oct. 7, 1998 National HR 3694 Intelligence FY99 Authorization bill Conference Report Adopted - House (337 - 83)
Oct. 7, 1998 National HR 4104 Appropriations bill FY99, Treasury, Postal Service Conference Report Adopted - House (290 - 137)
Oct. 6, 1998 National HR 4194 FY 1999 VA-HUD Appropriations Conference Report Adopted - House (409 - 14)
Oct. 5, 1998 National HR 4655 Iraqi Liberation Act of 1998 Bill Passed - House (360 - 38)
Oct. 2, 1998 National HR 4101 Agriculture FY99 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (333 - 53)
Sept. 28, 1998 National HR 4060 Energy FY99 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (389 - 25)
Sept. 26, 1998 National HR 4579 Tax Cut bill Bill Passed - House (229 - 195)
Sept. 25, 1998 National H Amdt 914 Save Social Security Act Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (210 - 216)
Sept. 25, 1998 National HR 4578 Social Security Account Protection bill Bill Passed - House (240 - 188)
Sept. 25, 1998 National HR 4578 Social Security Account Protection bill Bill Passed - House (240 - 188)
Sept. 24, 1998 National HR 4112 Legislative Branch FY99 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (356 - 65)
Sept. 17, 1998 National HR 4569 Appropriations Bill FY99, Foreign Operations Bill Passed - House (255 - 161)
Sept. 17, 1998 National HR 4569 Appropriations Bill FY99, Foreign Operations Bill Passed - House (255 - 161)
Aug. 7, 1998 National HR 4380 District of Columbia FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (214 - 206)
July 29, 1998 National HR 4194 Appropriations bill FY99, Veterans Affairs, HUD Bill Passed - House (259 - 164)
July 23, 1998 National HR 4193 Interior Department FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (245 - 181)
July 16, 1998 National H Amdt 723 Increase FEC Funding Amendment Adopted - House (214 - 210)
July 16, 1998 National HR 4104 Appropriations bill FY99, Treasury, Postal Service Bill Passed - House (218 - 203)
June 25, 1998 National HR 4112 Legislative Branch FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (235 - 179)
June 24, 1998 National HR 4101 Agriculture FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (373 - 48)
June 22, 1998 National HR 4060 Energy FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (405 - 4)
June 22, 1998 National HR 4059 Military Construction FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (396 - 10)
June 5, 1998 National H Con Res 284 Budget Resolution FY98 Resolution Passed - House (216 - 204)
May 22, 1998 National HR 2400 Transportation Reauthorization bill Conference Report Adopted - House (297 - 86)
May 6, 1998 National HR 6 Higher Education Programs Authorization Extension bill Bill Passed - House (414 - 4)
April 30, 1998 National HR 3579 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (242 - 163)
April 1, 1998 National HR 2400 Transportation Reauthorization bill Bill Passed - House (337 - 80)
March 31, 1998 National HR 3579 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (212 - 208)
Nov. 13, 1997 National HR 2159 Foreign Operations FY98 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (333 - 76)
Nov. 13, 1997 National HR 2267 Appropriations bill FY98, Commerce, Justice, and State Conference Report Adopted - House (282 - 110)
Nov. 6, 1997 National HR 2386 U.S.-Taiwan Missile Defense Cooperation bill Bill Passed - House (301 - 116)
Oct. 24, 1997 National HR 2107 Interior Department FY98 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (233 - 171)
Oct. 9, 1997 National HR 2607 District of Columbia FY98 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (203 - 202)
Oct. 6, 1997 National HR 2160 Agriculture FY98 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (399 - 18)
Sept. 29, 1997 National H J Res 94 Continuing Appropriations Joint Resolution Passed - House (355 - 57)
Sept. 24, 1997 National HR 2209 FY 1998 Legislative Branch Appropriations Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (309 - 106)
Sept. 4, 1997 National HR 2159 Foreign Operations FY98 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (375 - 49)
July 30, 1997 National HR 2015 Budget Reconciliation bill Conference Report Adopted - House (346 - 85)
July 28, 1997 National HR 2209 FY 1998 Legislative Branch Appropriations Bill Bill Passed - House (214 - 203)
July 24, 1997 National HR 2160 Agriculture FY98 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (392 - 32)
July 15, 1997 National HR 2107 Interior Department FY98 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (238 - 192)
June 25, 1997 National HR 2015 Budget Reconciliation bill Bill Passed - House (270 - 162)
June 12, 1997 National HR 1871 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (348 - 74)
June 5, 1997 National HR 1469 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (220 - 201)
May 16, 1997 National HR 1385 Training Programs bill Bill Passed - House (343 - 60)
May 15, 1997 National HR 1469 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (244 - 178)
March 12, 1997 National H Res 89 Balanced Budget Request resolution Resolution Passed - House (231 - 197)
Feb. 13, 1997 National HR 581 Population Planning Bill Bill Passed - House (231 - 194)
Sept. 28, 1996 National HR 3610 Omnibus FY97 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (370 - 37)
Sept. 24, 1996 National HR 3666 Veterans Affairs, HUD FY97 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (388 - 25)
Sept. 12, 1996 National HR 3816 Appropriations bill FY97, Energy and Water Development Conference Report Adopted - House (383 - 29)
Aug. 2, 1996 National HR 3448 Minimum Wage Increase bill Conference Report Adopted - House (354 - 72)
July 31, 1996 National HR 3734 Welfare Reform Act of 1996 Conference Report Adopted - House (328 - 101)
July 25, 1996 National H Amdt 1359 Energy Research Appropriation Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (198 - 211)
July 25, 1996 National H Amdt 1360 Renewable Energy Research Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (279 - 135)
July 24, 1996 National H Amdt 1356 Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) Funding Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (184 - 236)
July 18, 1996 National H Amdt 1307 Food Stamp Recipient Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (239 - 184)
July 18, 1996 National HR 3734 Welfare Reform Act of 1996 Bill Passed - House (256 - 170)
July 11, 1996 National H Amdt 1278 Social Security and Medicare Trust Funds Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (201 - 220)
June 26, 1996 National HR 3666 Veterans Affairs, HUD FY97 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (269 - 147)
June 20, 1996 National H Amdt 1183 Forest Service Funding Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (211 - 211)
June 13, 1996 National HR 3610 Defense Department FY97 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (278 - 126)
June 12, 1996 National H Con Res 178 Fiscal Year 1997 Budget Resolution Conference Report Adopted - House (216 - 211)
June 6, 1996 National H Amdt 1133 Wisconsin Welfare Reform Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (194 - 233)
June 6, 1996 National HR 3562 Wisconsin Welfare Reform Bill Bill Passed - House (289 - 136)
May 22, 1996 National HR 3448 Minimum Wage Increase bill Bill Passed - House (414 - 10)
May 16, 1996 National H Con Res 178 Fiscal Year 1997 Budget Resolution Resolution Passed - House (226 - 195)
April 30, 1996 National HR 1561 Authorization bill, FY96-97, Foreign Relations Veto Override Failed - House (234 - 188)
April 25, 1996 National HR 3019 Appropriations bill FY96, Omnibus Conference Report Adopted - House (399 - 25)
April 17, 1996 National HR 842 Truth in Budgeting Act Bill Passed - House (284 - 143)
March 20, 1996 National H Amdt 968 Immigrant Public Assistance Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (151 - 269)
March 12, 1996 National HR 1561 Authorization bill, FY96-97, Foreign Relations Conference Report Adopted - House (226 - 172)
March 7, 1996 National H Amdt 946 Medicaid Funded Abortions Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (198 - 222)
March 7, 1996 National HR 3019 Appropriations bill FY96, Omnibus Bill Passed - House (209 - 206)
Jan. 4, 1996 National HR 1977 1996 Interior Appropriations Veto Override Failed - House (239 - 177)
Dec. 21, 1995 National HR 4 Welfare Reform Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (245 - 178)
Dec. 13, 1995 National HR 1977 Interior Department FY96 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (244 - 181)
Dec. 7, 1995 National HR 2099 Veterans Affairs, HUD FY '96 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (227 - 190)
Dec. 6, 1995 National HR 2076 Appropriations bill FY96, Commerce, Justice, State Conference Report Adopted - House (256 - 166)
Nov. 16, 1995 National H J Res 122 Continuing Appropriation Bill Bill Passed - House (277 - 151)
Nov. 15, 1995 National HR 2020 Appropriations bill FY96, Treasury, Postal Service Conference Report Adopted - House (374 - 52)
Nov. 2, 1995 National HR 2546 Appropriations Bill FY 96, District of Columbia Bill Passed - House (224 - 191)
Oct. 31, 1995 National HR 1868 Appropriations bill, FY96, Foreign Relations Conference Report Adopted - House (351 - 71)
Date No. Title Outcome
7/27 HR 2605 Energy FY2000 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (420 - 8)
7/15 HR 2466 Interior Department FY2000 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (377 - 47)
7/15 HR 2490 Appropriations bill FY2000, Treasury, Postal Service Bill Passed - House (210 - 209)
7/13 HR 2465 Military Construction FY2000 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (418 - 4)
6/23 HR 2084 Transportation Department FY2000 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (429 - 3)
6/10 HR 1905 Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2000 Bill Passed - House (214 - 197)
6/08 HR 1906 FY 2000 Agriculture Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (246 - 183)
6/08 HR 1906 FY 2000 Agriculture Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (246 - 183)
5/18 HR 1141 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations-Conference Report Conference Report Adopted - House (269 - 158)
5/18 HR 1141 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations-Conference Report Conference Report Adopted - House (269 - 158)
5/06 HR 1664 Kosovo Emergency Supplemental Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (311 - 105)
4/14 H Con Res 68 Congressional Budget Resolution, FY 2000 Conference Report Adopted - House (220 - 208)
3/24 H Amdt 35 Rescissions Removal Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (201 - 228)
3/24 HR 1141 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations-Conference Report Bill Passed - House (220 - 211)
3/24 HR 1141 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations-Conference Report Bill Passed - House (220 - 211)
3/03 HR 669 Peace Corps Authorization Bill Bill Passed - House (326 - 90)
10/20 HR 4328 Appropriations bill FY99, Omnibus Conference Report Adopted - House (333 - 95)
10/07 HR 3694 Intelligence FY99 Authorization bill Conference Report Adopted - House (337 - 83)
10/07 HR 4104 Appropriations bill FY99, Treasury, Postal Service Conference Report Adopted - House (290 - 137)
10/06 HR 4194 FY 1999 VA-HUD Appropriations Conference Report Adopted - House (409 - 14)
10/05 HR 4655 Iraqi Liberation Act of 1998 Bill Passed - House (360 - 38)
10/02 HR 4101 Agriculture FY99 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (333 - 53)
9/28 HR 4060 Energy FY99 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (389 - 25)
9/26 HR 4579 Tax Cut bill Bill Passed - House (229 - 195)
9/25 H Amdt 914 Save Social Security Act Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (210 - 216)
9/25 HR 4578 Social Security Account Protection bill Bill Passed - House (240 - 188)
9/25 HR 4578 Social Security Account Protection bill Bill Passed - House (240 - 188)
9/24 HR 4112 Legislative Branch FY99 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (356 - 65)
9/17 HR 4569 Appropriations Bill FY99, Foreign Operations Bill Passed - House (255 - 161)
9/17 HR 4569 Appropriations Bill FY99, Foreign Operations Bill Passed - House (255 - 161)
8/07 HR 4380 District of Columbia FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (214 - 206)
7/29 HR 4194 Appropriations bill FY99, Veterans Affairs, HUD Bill Passed - House (259 - 164)
7/23 HR 4193 Interior Department FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (245 - 181)
7/16 H Amdt 723 Increase FEC Funding Amendment Adopted - House (214 - 210)
7/16 HR 4104 Appropriations bill FY99, Treasury, Postal Service Bill Passed - House (218 - 203)
6/25 HR 4112 Legislative Branch FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (235 - 179)
6/24 HR 4101 Agriculture FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (373 - 48)
6/22 HR 4060 Energy FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (405 - 4)
6/22 HR 4059 Military Construction FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (396 - 10)
6/05 H Con Res 284 Budget Resolution FY98 Resolution Passed - House (216 - 204)
5/22 HR 2400 Transportation Reauthorization bill Conference Report Adopted - House (297 - 86)
5/06 HR 6 Higher Education Programs Authorization Extension bill Bill Passed - House (414 - 4)
4/30 HR 3579 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (242 - 163)
4/01 HR 2400 Transportation Reauthorization bill Bill Passed - House (337 - 80)
3/31 HR 3579 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (212 - 208)
11/13 HR 2159 Foreign Operations FY98 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (333 - 76)
11/13 HR 2267 Appropriations bill FY98, Commerce, Justice, and State Conference Report Adopted - House (282 - 110)
11/06 HR 2386 U.S.-Taiwan Missile Defense Cooperation bill Bill Passed - House (301 - 116)
10/24 HR 2107 Interior Department FY98 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (233 - 171)
10/09 HR 2607 District of Columbia FY98 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (203 - 202)
10/06 HR 2160 Agriculture FY98 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (399 - 18)
9/29 H J Res 94 Continuing Appropriations Joint Resolution Passed - House (355 - 57)
9/24 HR 2209 FY 1998 Legislative Branch Appropriations Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (309 - 106)
9/04 HR 2159 Foreign Operations FY98 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (375 - 49)
7/30 HR 2015 Budget Reconciliation bill Conference Report Adopted - House (346 - 85)
7/28 HR 2209 FY 1998 Legislative Branch Appropriations Bill Bill Passed - House (214 - 203)
7/24 HR 2160 Agriculture FY98 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (392 - 32)
7/15 HR 2107 Interior Department FY98 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (238 - 192)
6/25 HR 2015 Budget Reconciliation bill Bill Passed - House (270 - 162)
6/12 HR 1871 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (348 - 74)
6/05 HR 1469 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (220 - 201)
5/16 HR 1385 Training Programs bill Bill Passed - House (343 - 60)
5/15 HR 1469 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (244 - 178)
3/12 H Res 89 Balanced Budget Request resolution Resolution Passed - House (231 - 197)
2/13 HR 581 Population Planning Bill Bill Passed - House (231 - 194)
9/28 HR 3610 Omnibus FY97 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (370 - 37)
9/24 HR 3666 Veterans Affairs, HUD FY97 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (388 - 25)
9/12 HR 3816 Appropriations bill FY97, Energy and Water Development Conference Report Adopted - House (383 - 29)
8/02 HR 3448 Minimum Wage Increase bill Conference Report Adopted - House (354 - 72)
7/31 HR 3734 Welfare Reform Act of 1996 Conference Report Adopted - House (328 - 101)
7/25 H Amdt 1359 Energy Research Appropriation Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (198 - 211)
7/25 H Amdt 1360 Renewable Energy Research Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (279 - 135)
7/24 H Amdt 1356 Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) Funding Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (184 - 236)
7/18 H Amdt 1307 Food Stamp Recipient Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (239 - 184)
7/18 HR 3734 Welfare Reform Act of 1996 Bill Passed - House (256 - 170)
7/11 H Amdt 1278 Social Security and Medicare Trust Funds Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (201 - 220)
6/26 HR 3666 Veterans Affairs, HUD FY97 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (269 - 147)
6/20 H Amdt 1183 Forest Service Funding Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (211 - 211)
6/13 HR 3610 Defense Department FY97 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (278 - 126)
6/12 H Con Res 178 Fiscal Year 1997 Budget Resolution Conference Report Adopted - House (216 - 211)
6/06 H Amdt 1133 Wisconsin Welfare Reform Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (194 - 233)
6/06 HR 3562 Wisconsin Welfare Reform Bill Bill Passed - House (289 - 136)
5/22 HR 3448 Minimum Wage Increase bill Bill Passed - House (414 - 10)
5/16 H Con Res 178 Fiscal Year 1997 Budget Resolution Resolution Passed - House (226 - 195)
4/30 HR 1561 Authorization bill, FY96-97, Foreign Relations Veto Override Failed - House (234 - 188)
4/25 HR 3019 Appropriations bill FY96, Omnibus Conference Report Adopted - House (399 - 25)
4/17 HR 842 Truth in Budgeting Act Bill Passed - House (284 - 143)
3/20 H Amdt 968 Immigrant Public Assistance Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (151 - 269)
3/12 HR 1561 Authorization bill, FY96-97, Foreign Relations Conference Report Adopted - House (226 - 172)
3/07 H Amdt 946 Medicaid Funded Abortions Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (198 - 222)
3/07 HR 3019 Appropriations bill FY96, Omnibus Bill Passed - House (209 - 206)
1/04 HR 1977 1996 Interior Appropriations Veto Override Failed - House (239 - 177)
12/21 HR 4 Welfare Reform Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (245 - 178)
12/13 HR 1977 Interior Department FY96 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (244 - 181)
12/07 HR 2099 Veterans Affairs, HUD FY '96 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (227 - 190)
12/06 HR 2076 Appropriations bill FY96, Commerce, Justice, State Conference Report Adopted - House (256 - 166)
11/16 H J Res 122 Continuing Appropriation Bill Bill Passed - House (277 - 151)
11/15 HR 2020 Appropriations bill FY96, Treasury, Postal Service Conference Report Adopted - House (374 - 52)
11/02 HR 2546 Appropriations Bill FY 96, District of Columbia Bill Passed - House (224 - 191)
10/31 HR 1868 Appropriations bill, FY96, Foreign Relations Conference Report Adopted - House (351 - 71)

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