Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Feb. 8, 2023 FL SB 4-B Authorizes Office of Statewide Prosecution to Investigate Voting-Related Crimes Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 12)
Feb. 7, 2023 NC SB 49 Establishes a Parents Bill of Right's for Students in Grades K-4 Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
Feb. 7, 2023 VA SB 1515 Establishes Civil Liability for or Publishing or Distributing Material Harmful to Minors on the Internet Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 3)
Feb. 6, 2023 VA SB 1361 Amends Parole Rules in the state of Virginia Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 12)
Feb. 1, 2023 UT SB 86 Repeals Fentanyl Testing Strips from the List of Drug Paraphernalia Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 1)
Feb. 1, 2023 UT SB 86 Repeals Fentanyl Testing Strips from the List of Drug Paraphernalia Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 1)
Jan. 31, 2023 VA SB 1455 Authorizes Law Enforcement to Establish a Curfew Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 12)
Jan. 31, 2023 VA SB 1455 Authorizes Law Enforcement to Establish a Curfew Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 12)
Jan. 31, 2023 ND SB 2150 Amends and Updates State Abortion Laws Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 4)
Jan. 27, 2023 MT SB 85 Amends Law Regarding Grizzly Bear Population Management Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 12)
Jan. 26, 2023 MN HF 37 Prohibits Hair Discrimination Bill Passed - Senate (45 - 19)
Jan. 25, 2023 NY S 345 Establishes 6-Year Statute of Limitations for Employment Discrimination Claims Bill Passed - Senate (56 - 6)
Jan. 24, 2023 NY A 1283 Authorizes Constitutional Referendum Prohibiting Discrimination on Basis of Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, Reproductive Autonomy, Etc. (43 - 20)
Jan. 24, 2023 NY A 1283 Authorizes Constitutional Referendum Prohibiting Discrimination on Basis of Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, Reproductive Autonomy, Etc. (43 - 20)
Jan. 24, 2023 NY A 1283 Authorizes Constitutional Referendum Prohibiting Discrimination on Basis of Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, Reproductive Autonomy, Etc. (43 - 20)
Jan. 24, 2023 VA SB 1096 Establishes State Code Language Legalizing Same-Sex Marriage Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 12)
Jan. 24, 2023 WV SB 10 Authorizes College Campus Concealed-Carry Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 4)
Jan. 24, 2023 NY S 348 Appropriates Funding to Support Abortion Centers and Reproductive Freedom Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 22)
Jan. 24, 2023 AR SB 43 Amends the Definition of "Adult Oriented Business" to Include Drag Performances Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 6)
Jan. 23, 2023 NY S 831 Requires LGBT Training for Home Health Aides Bill Passed - Senate (61 - 1)
Jan. 23, 2023 VA SB 888 Prohibits the Required Imposition of Mandatory Consecutive Sentences of Imprisonment Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 17)
Jan. 20, 2023 UT SB 16 Prohibits Performance of Sex Change Surgeries on Minors Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 7)
Jan. 20, 2023 UT SB 100 Prohibits School Districts from Changing a Student's Gender Identity Without Parental Consent Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 6)
Jan. 20, 2023 UT SB 93 Prohibits Name or Sex Change on a Minor's Birth Certificate Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 8)
Jan. 18, 2023 PA SB 84 Authorizes Teacher Religious Garb in Schools Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
Jan. 17, 2023 WI SJR 4 Authorizes Referendum on Welfare Work-Search Requirements Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (22 - 10)
Jan. 17, 2023 WI SJR 2 Requires a Defendant's Potential Risk Factors be Considered when Setting Bail Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (23 - 9)
Jan. 9, 2023 IL HB 5471 Prohibits the Sale, Manufacture, Delivery and Purchase of Assault Weapons Across the State Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 20)
Dec. 19, 2022 NJ A 4769 Establishes Gun Free Zones Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 16)
Dec. 14, 2022 OH HB 513 Prohibits Local Government Control of Flavored Tobacco Products Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 8)
Dec. 1, 2022 IL HB 1095 Amends Previously Passed Criminal Justice Reforms Known as the SAFE-T Act Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 17)
Dec. 1, 2022 National H J Res 100 To provide for a resolution with respect to the unresolved disputes between certain railroads represented by the National Carriers' Conference Committee of the National Railway Labor Conference and certain of their employees. Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (80 - 15)
Dec. 1, 2022 IL HB 4218 Requires Free Underwear and Menstrual Hygiene Products for Prisoners Bill Passed - Senate (52 - 0)
Dec. 1, 2022 National H Con Res 119 Providing for a Correction in the enrollment of H.J. Res. 100. Joint Resolution Failed - Senate (52 - 43)
Nov. 30, 2022 OH SB 288 Amends Various Codes and Regulations related to the States Criminal-Justice System Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 2)
Nov. 29, 2022 National HR 8404 Respect for Marriage Act Bill Passed - Senate (61 - 36)
Nov. 16, 2022 National HR 8404 Respect for Marriage Act Cloture Invoked - Senate (62 - 37)
Oct. 26, 2022 PA HB 1393 Defines Testing of Fentanyl Test Strips and Other Compounds in Relation to Controlled Substances Bill Passed - Senate (50 - 0)
Oct. 25, 2022 PA HB 1546 Prohibits "Endangerment" of Public Safety Officials Bill Passed - Senate (47 - 2)
Sept. 28, 2022 MI HB 6354 Amends Law in Regard to Hunting Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 10)
Sept. 28, 2022 MI HB 6354 Amends Law in Regard to Hunting Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 10)
Aug. 31, 2022 CA AB 2091 Prohibits Medical Providers, Health Insurers, and Prison Staff from Disclosing Abortion-Related Medical Records to Out-of-State Law Enforcement Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 9)
Aug. 29, 2022 CA AB 2223 Expands Protections for Reproductive Care Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 9)
Aug. 29, 2022 CA AB 2134 Establishes the California Reproductive Health Equity Fund and Program Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 9)
Aug. 25, 2022 CA AB 2147 Limits Police Enforcement of Prohibition on Pedestrian Jaywalking Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 7)
Aug. 24, 2022 CA SB 951 Amends the Unemployment Insurance Code for New Benefits and Paid Family Leave Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 9)
Aug. 24, 2022 CA AB 2658 Prohibits Excessive Electronic Monitoring of Minors in Home Detention Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
Aug. 24, 2022 CA AB 2658 Prohibits Excessive Electronic Monitoring of Minors in Home Detention Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
Aug. 23, 2022 CA AB 485 Amends the California Penal Code on Hate Crimes for Transparency of Police Departments Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
Aug. 23, 2022 CA AB 485 Amends the California Penal Code on Hate Crimes for Transparency of Police Departments Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
Aug. 18, 2022 CA AB 2799 Requires Criminal Courts Consider Potential Prejudice when Weighing Music Lyrics as Evidence Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
Aug. 18, 2022 CA AB 2799 Requires Criminal Courts Consider Potential Prejudice when Weighing Music Lyrics as Evidence Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
Aug. 16, 2022 CA SB 1384 Requires Firearm Dealers to Use Video Surveillance Systems Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (26 - 9)
Aug. 5, 2022 IN SB 1 Prohibits All Abortions Unless Under Certain Circumstances Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 19)
Aug. 1, 2022 CA SB 57 Establishes Safe Injection Sites Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (21 - 11)
Aug. 1, 2022 MA H 5164 Authorizes Sports Wagering in the Commonwealth (36 - 4)
July 26, 2022 MA H 5090 Expands Protections for Reproductive and Gender-Affirming Care (39 - 1)
July 26, 2022 MA H 5090 Expands Protections for Reproductive and Gender-Affirming Care (39 - 1)
July 6, 2022 PA SB 1183 Limits Use of Off-Road Vehicles; Authorizes Forfeiture Thereof Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (48 - 2)
July 6, 2022 PA HB 146 Prohibits Premature Release of an Individual who has Committed a Violent Offense while Imprisoned Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 9)
July 1, 2022 NC SB 101 Requires Sheriffs to Cooperate with ICE Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (25 - 19)
July 1, 2022 NC SB 101 Requires Sheriffs to Cooperate with ICE Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (25 - 19)
July 1, 2022 MI HB 5558 Prohibits Research on Stem Cells Obtained from an Abortion Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 16)
July 1, 2022 MI HB 5559 Classifies Performing Research on the Tissue of an Aborted Fetus as a Felony Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 16)
July 1, 2022 NY S 51001 Requires Social Media Account Disclosure for Individuals Applying for a Handgun License Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 20)
June 30, 2022 NC HB 252 Amends Existing Laws Governing Bail Bonds and Other Legal Processes Conference Report Adopted - Senate (46 - 0)
June 30, 2022 DE HB 386 Prohibits Cat Declawing as Condition of Rental Agreement Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 5)
June 30, 2022 NC HB 49 Repeals Concealed Carry Firearms Safety Training Requirement in Some Cases Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 20)
June 30, 2022 MI HB 4698 Prohibits Making False Threats of Mass Shootings Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 7)
June 30, 2022 MI HB 4698 Prohibits Making False Threats of Mass Shootings Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 7)
June 30, 2022 MA S 2988 Limits Use of Asset Forfeiture Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 9)
June 30, 2022 MA S 2987 Prohibits Juvenile Diversion Under Certain Circumstances Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 8)
June 29, 2022 NJ A 3975 Establishes Protections for Individuals Related to Reproductive Health Care Services and Abortions (24 - 13)
June 29, 2022 CA AB 2571 Prohibits Marketing of Firearms to Minors; Authorizes Lawsuits Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 7)
June 29, 2022 CA AB 2551 Establishes Procedures to Notify Law Enforcement About Firearm Violations Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 0)
Date No. Title Outcome
2/08 SB 4-B Authorizes Office of Statewide Prosecution to Investigate Voting-Related Crimes Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 12)
2/07 SB 49 Establishes a Parents Bill of Right's for Students in Grades K-4 Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 18)
2/07 SB 1515 Establishes Civil Liability for or Publishing or Distributing Material Harmful to Minors on the Internet Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 3)
2/06 SB 1361 Amends Parole Rules in the state of Virginia Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 12)
2/01 SB 86 Repeals Fentanyl Testing Strips from the List of Drug Paraphernalia Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 1)
2/01 SB 86 Repeals Fentanyl Testing Strips from the List of Drug Paraphernalia Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 1)
1/31 SB 1455 Authorizes Law Enforcement to Establish a Curfew Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 12)
1/31 SB 1455 Authorizes Law Enforcement to Establish a Curfew Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 12)
1/31 SB 2150 Amends and Updates State Abortion Laws Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 4)
1/27 SB 85 Amends Law Regarding Grizzly Bear Population Management Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 12)
1/26 HF 37 Prohibits Hair Discrimination Bill Passed - Senate (45 - 19)
1/25 S 345 Establishes 6-Year Statute of Limitations for Employment Discrimination Claims Bill Passed - Senate (56 - 6)
1/24 A 1283 Authorizes Constitutional Referendum Prohibiting Discrimination on Basis of Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, Reproductive Autonomy, Etc. (43 - 20)
1/24 A 1283 Authorizes Constitutional Referendum Prohibiting Discrimination on Basis of Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, Reproductive Autonomy, Etc. (43 - 20)
1/24 A 1283 Authorizes Constitutional Referendum Prohibiting Discrimination on Basis of Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, Reproductive Autonomy, Etc. (43 - 20)
1/24 SB 1096 Establishes State Code Language Legalizing Same-Sex Marriage Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 12)
1/24 SB 10 Authorizes College Campus Concealed-Carry Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 4)
1/24 S 348 Appropriates Funding to Support Abortion Centers and Reproductive Freedom Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 22)
1/24 SB 43 Amends the Definition of "Adult Oriented Business" to Include Drag Performances Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 6)
1/23 S 831 Requires LGBT Training for Home Health Aides Bill Passed - Senate (61 - 1)
1/23 SB 888 Prohibits the Required Imposition of Mandatory Consecutive Sentences of Imprisonment Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 17)
1/20 SB 16 Prohibits Performance of Sex Change Surgeries on Minors Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 7)
1/20 SB 100 Prohibits School Districts from Changing a Student's Gender Identity Without Parental Consent Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 6)
1/20 SB 93 Prohibits Name or Sex Change on a Minor's Birth Certificate Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 8)
1/18 SB 84 Authorizes Teacher Religious Garb in Schools Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
1/17 SJR 4 Authorizes Referendum on Welfare Work-Search Requirements Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (22 - 10)
1/17 SJR 2 Requires a Defendant's Potential Risk Factors be Considered when Setting Bail Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (23 - 9)
1/09 HB 5471 Prohibits the Sale, Manufacture, Delivery and Purchase of Assault Weapons Across the State Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 20)
12/19 A 4769 Establishes Gun Free Zones Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 16)
12/14 HB 513 Prohibits Local Government Control of Flavored Tobacco Products Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 8)
12/01 HB 1095 Amends Previously Passed Criminal Justice Reforms Known as the SAFE-T Act Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 17)
12/01 H J Res 100 To provide for a resolution with respect to the unresolved disputes between certain railroads represented by the National Carriers' Conference Committee of the National Railway Labor Conference and certain of their employees. Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (80 - 15)
12/01 HB 4218 Requires Free Underwear and Menstrual Hygiene Products for Prisoners Bill Passed - Senate (52 - 0)
12/01 H Con Res 119 Providing for a Correction in the enrollment of H.J. Res. 100. Joint Resolution Failed - Senate (52 - 43)
11/30 SB 288 Amends Various Codes and Regulations related to the States Criminal-Justice System Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 2)
11/29 HR 8404 Respect for Marriage Act Bill Passed - Senate (61 - 36)
11/16 HR 8404 Respect for Marriage Act Cloture Invoked - Senate (62 - 37)
10/26 HB 1393 Defines Testing of Fentanyl Test Strips and Other Compounds in Relation to Controlled Substances Bill Passed - Senate (50 - 0)
10/25 HB 1546 Prohibits "Endangerment" of Public Safety Officials Bill Passed - Senate (47 - 2)
9/28 HB 6354 Amends Law in Regard to Hunting Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 10)
9/28 HB 6354 Amends Law in Regard to Hunting Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 10)
8/31 AB 2091 Prohibits Medical Providers, Health Insurers, and Prison Staff from Disclosing Abortion-Related Medical Records to Out-of-State Law Enforcement Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 9)
8/29 AB 2223 Expands Protections for Reproductive Care Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 9)
8/29 AB 2134 Establishes the California Reproductive Health Equity Fund and Program Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 9)
8/25 AB 2147 Limits Police Enforcement of Prohibition on Pedestrian Jaywalking Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 7)
8/24 SB 951 Amends the Unemployment Insurance Code for New Benefits and Paid Family Leave Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (31 - 9)
8/24 AB 2658 Prohibits Excessive Electronic Monitoring of Minors in Home Detention Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
8/24 AB 2658 Prohibits Excessive Electronic Monitoring of Minors in Home Detention Bill Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
8/23 AB 485 Amends the California Penal Code on Hate Crimes for Transparency of Police Departments Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
8/23 AB 485 Amends the California Penal Code on Hate Crimes for Transparency of Police Departments Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
8/18 AB 2799 Requires Criminal Courts Consider Potential Prejudice when Weighing Music Lyrics as Evidence Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
8/18 AB 2799 Requires Criminal Courts Consider Potential Prejudice when Weighing Music Lyrics as Evidence Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
8/16 SB 1384 Requires Firearm Dealers to Use Video Surveillance Systems Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (26 - 9)
8/05 SB 1 Prohibits All Abortions Unless Under Certain Circumstances Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 19)
8/01 SB 57 Establishes Safe Injection Sites Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (21 - 11)
8/01 H 5164 Authorizes Sports Wagering in the Commonwealth (36 - 4)
7/26 H 5090 Expands Protections for Reproductive and Gender-Affirming Care (39 - 1)
7/26 H 5090 Expands Protections for Reproductive and Gender-Affirming Care (39 - 1)
7/06 SB 1183 Limits Use of Off-Road Vehicles; Authorizes Forfeiture Thereof Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (48 - 2)
7/06 HB 146 Prohibits Premature Release of an Individual who has Committed a Violent Offense while Imprisoned Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 9)
7/01 SB 101 Requires Sheriffs to Cooperate with ICE Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (25 - 19)
7/01 SB 101 Requires Sheriffs to Cooperate with ICE Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (25 - 19)
7/01 HB 5558 Prohibits Research on Stem Cells Obtained from an Abortion Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 16)
7/01 HB 5559 Classifies Performing Research on the Tissue of an Aborted Fetus as a Felony Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 16)
7/01 S 51001 Requires Social Media Account Disclosure for Individuals Applying for a Handgun License Bill Passed - Senate (43 - 20)
6/30 HB 252 Amends Existing Laws Governing Bail Bonds and Other Legal Processes Conference Report Adopted - Senate (46 - 0)
6/30 HB 386 Prohibits Cat Declawing as Condition of Rental Agreement Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 5)
6/30 HB 49 Repeals Concealed Carry Firearms Safety Training Requirement in Some Cases Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 20)
6/30 HB 4698 Prohibits Making False Threats of Mass Shootings Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 7)
6/30 HB 4698 Prohibits Making False Threats of Mass Shootings Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 7)
6/30 S 2988 Limits Use of Asset Forfeiture Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 9)
6/30 S 2987 Prohibits Juvenile Diversion Under Certain Circumstances Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 8)
6/29 A 3975 Establishes Protections for Individuals Related to Reproductive Health Care Services and Abortions (24 - 13)
6/29 AB 2571 Prohibits Marketing of Firearms to Minors; Authorizes Lawsuits Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 7)
6/29 AB 2551 Establishes Procedures to Notify Law Enforcement About Firearm Violations Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 0)

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