Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
March 2, 2023 WV HB 3307 Establishing the West Virginia-Ireland Trade Commission Concurrence Vote Passed - House (87 - 10)
March 2, 2023 AZ HB 2078 Authorizes a State Audit Process of Election Results Bill Passed - House (31 - 28)
March 2, 2023 MT HB 693 Prohibits State Agencies from Denying Individual Records Request Due To Ongoing Litigation Bill Passed - House (94 - 4)
March 2, 2023 VT H 429 Authorizes Several Changes to Vermont Election Laws Bill Failed - House (59 - 78)
March 2, 2023 VT H 429 Authorizes Several Changes to Vermont Election Laws Bill Failed - House (59 - 78)
March 2, 2023 KY HB 236 Requires Public Pension Investments be based on Financial Risks and Returns not ESG Factors Bill Passed - House (77 - 14)
March 1, 2023 MI HB 4016 Appropriates $1.4 Billion from the General Budget to Address the State Healthcare Worker Shortage Concurrence Vote Passed - House (59 - 49)
March 1, 2023 SD HB 1165 Prohibits Absentee Ballot Drop Boxes Concurrence Vote Passed - House (57 - 11)
March 1, 2023 SD SB 55 Prohibits Ranked-Choice Voting Bill Passed - House (63 - 5)
March 1, 2023 WY SF 127 Authorizes a State Digital Currency Bill Passed - House (36 - 25)
March 1, 2023 AZ HB 2691 Requires a Video Livestream of Ballots During the Signature Matching Process Bill Passed - House (31 - 28)
March 1, 2023 AZ HB 2552 Prohibits Ranked Choice Voting Bill Passed - House (31 - 28)
March 1, 2023 National HR 347 Reduce Exacerbated Inflation Negatively Impacting the Nation Act Bill Passed - House (272 - 148)
Feb. 28, 2023 SC H 3591 Establishes a Constitutional Amendment to Repeal the State "Blaine Amendment" Resolution Passed - House (83 - 27)
Feb. 28, 2023 WY SF 131 Prohibits the Distribution of Unsolicited Absentee Ballot Forms Bill Passed - House (54 - 5)
Feb. 28, 2023 AZ HB 2319 Amends How Judges Interpret Election Laws Bill Passed - House (31 - 26)
Feb. 28, 2023 AZ HB 2319 Amends How Judges Interpret Election Laws Bill Passed - House (31 - 26)
Feb. 24, 2023 ID H 138 Amends Date of the State Presidential Primary from March to May Bill Passed - House (61 - 6)
Feb. 24, 2023 PA HB 2 Amends State Law to Temporarily Open the 2-Year Window for Survivors to File Civil Lawsuits Bill Passed - House (134 - 67)
Feb. 24, 2023 PA HB 1 Amends the State Constitution to Increase the Reporting Window for Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse Bill Passed - House (161 - 40)
Feb. 23, 2023 SD SB 102 Requires Continuous Updating of Candidate Lists Prior to an Election Bill Passed - House (66 - 2)
Feb. 23, 2023 KS HB 2056 Requires All Advance Voting Ballots be Returned by 7:00 P.M. on Election Day Bill Passed - House (77 - 45)
Feb. 22, 2023 IN HB 1334 Increases Restrictions on Voter Registration Bill Passed - House (64 - 28)
Feb. 22, 2023 AR HB 1419 Increases Number of Counties Where a Minimum Number of Signatures Must be Submitted from 15 to 50 Bill Passed - House (79 - 19)
Feb. 22, 2023 KY HB 153 Prohibits Any Federal Ban or Regulation on Firearms Enacted in 2021 or After Bill Passed - House (78 - 19)
Feb. 22, 2023 SD HB 1200 Require Citizens Collect 1,000 Signatures from Each Legislative District to Put Constitutional Amendments to a Statewide Vote Bill Passed - House (47 - 22)
Feb. 22, 2023 AZ HB 2322 Amends and Codifies Outdated Signature Verification Guidelines Bill Passed - House (47 - 13)
Feb. 22, 2023 SD HB 1200 Require Citizens Collect 1,000 Signatures from Each Legislative District to Put Constitutional Amendments to a Statewide Vote Bill Passed - House (47 - 22)
Feb. 21, 2023 AZ HB 2415 Authorizes the Removal of Voters from Arizona's Permanent Mail-In Voting List Bill Passed - House (31 - 29)
Feb. 21, 2023 NM HB 4 Expands Various Voting Rights Bill Passed - House (41 - 26)
Feb. 21, 2023 AZ HB 2477 Specifies the Importance of the Electoral College to United States Elections Bill Passed - House (31 - 29)
Feb. 21, 2023 NM HB 7 Establishes State Protections for Gender Affirming Care Bill Passed - House (38 - 31)
Feb. 20, 2023 ID H 124 Prohibits Using Student ID at Voting Polls Bill Passed - House (59 - 11)
Feb. 20, 2023 ND HB 1340 Prohibits Local Governments from Enforcing Stricter Gun Laws then Passed by the State Bill Passed - House (83 - 10)
Feb. 16, 2023 AZ SB 1530 Appropriates Funding for K-12 Education Bill Passed - House (31 - 27)
Feb. 16, 2023 MO HB 184 Prohibits Local Governments from Requiring More Than 5 Electric Vehicle Charging Stations per Parking Lot Bill Passed - House (105 - 36)
Feb. 16, 2023 WV HB 3012 Exempts Severance Tax for 9 Years on Rare Earth Elements and Critical Minerals Bill Passed - House (91 - 7)
Feb. 15, 2023 ID HJM 1 Authorizes Amending the State Border with Oregon Bill Passed - House (41 - 28)
Feb. 14, 2023 UT HJR 2 Amends how State Courts can Grant Injunctions Concurrence Vote Passed - House (57 - 14)
Feb. 14, 2023 WV HB 2006 Restructures the Department of Health and Human Resources Bill Passed - House (95 - 3)
Feb. 14, 2023 WV HB 2006 Restructures the Department of Health and Human Resources Bill Passed - House (95 - 3)
Feb. 14, 2023 IN HB 1167 Requires Public Government Meetings be Live-Streamed and Archived Bill Passed - House (86 - 9)
Feb. 13, 2023 UT HB 347 Prohibits Tampering With Ballot Boxes Bill Passed - House (54 - 16)
Feb. 10, 2023 FL SB 4-B Authorizes Office of Statewide Prosecution to Investigate Voting-Related Crimes Bill Passed - House (77 - 33)
Feb. 9, 2023 National H J Res 26 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Revised Criminal Code Act Joint Resolution Passed - House (250 - 173)
Feb. 9, 2023 National H J Res 24 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Local Resident Voting Rights Amendment Act of 2022 Joint Resolution Passed - House (260 - 162)
Feb. 7, 2023 MS HB 1020 Establishes a Court System of Unelected Judges and Prosecutors for the City of Jackson, Mississippi Bill Passed - House (76 - 38)
Feb. 2, 2023 WY HB 103 Specifies Process for Declaration or Change of Voter Party Affiliation Bill Passed - House (51 - 9)
Feb. 2, 2023 MO HJR 43 Requires 60% of Popular Vote to Approve Constitutional Amendments Bill Passed - House (108 - 50)
Feb. 2, 2023 MN HF 28 Expands Voting Rights to Ex-Felons Bill Passed - House (71 - 59)
Feb. 2, 2023 MO HJR 43 Requires 60% of Popular Vote to Approve Constitutional Amendments Bill Passed - House (108 - 50)
Feb. 2, 2023 National H Con Res 9 Denouncing the horrors of socialism. Joint Resolution Passed - House (328 - 86)
Feb. 2, 2023 National H Res 76 Removing a certain Member from a certain standing committee of the House. Resolution Passed - House (218 - 211)
Feb. 1, 2023 National HR 139 SHOW UP Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (221 - 206)
Jan. 31, 2023 MI SB 13 Amends the Date of Upcoming Presidential Primary Elections Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
Jan. 30, 2023 NY S 1343 Amends Requirements for State Agencies Purchasing Zero Emissions Vehicles Bill Passed - House (108 - 35)
Jan. 30, 2023 UT HB 131 Prohibits Public Entities from Restricting Employment Due to an Individuals Vaccination Status Bill Passed - House (60 - 13)
Jan. 26, 2023 DE SB 35 Amends State Law Relating to Bond and Capital Improvements Bill Passed - House (25 - 15)
Jan. 26, 2023 VA HB 1877 Limits Early Voting to 2 Weeks Before an Election Bill Passed - House (51 - 47)
Jan. 26, 2023 VA HB 1693 Prohibits Election Ballot Drop Boxes Bill Passed - House (51 - 47)
Jan. 24, 2023 NY A 1283 Authorizes Constitutional Referendum Prohibiting Discrimination on Basis of Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, Reproductive Autonomy, Etc. Bill Passed - House (97 - 46)
Jan. 19, 2023 MN HF 1 Establishes Abortion Protections as a State Constitutional Right Bill Passed - House (69 - 65)
Jan. 19, 2023 ID H 1 Requires a Hand Recount of All Election Ballots Bill Passed - House (69 - 0)
Jan. 19, 2023 MT HB 33 Authorizes County Commissioners to Begin Civil Proceedings if Local Board Members Fail to Comply Bill Passed - House (90 - 9)
Jan. 19, 2023 MT HB 33 Authorizes County Commissioners to Begin Civil Proceedings if Local Board Members Fail to Comply Bill Passed - House (90 - 9)
Jan. 18, 2023 NM HB 1 Appropriates Funds for Legislature Bill Passed - House (47 - 19)
Jan. 18, 2023 NM HB 1 Appropriates Funds for Legislature Bill Passed - House (47 - 19)
Jan. 10, 2023 National H Res 12 Establishing a Select Subcommittee on the Weaponization of the Federal Government as a select investigative subcommittee of the Committee on the Judiciary Resolution Passed - House (221 - 211)
Jan. 10, 2023 National H Res 12 Establishing a Select Subcommittee on the Weaponization of the Federal Government as a select investigative subcommittee of the Committee on the Judiciary Resolution Passed - House (221 - 211)
Jan. 9, 2023 National HR 23 Family and Small Business Taxpayer Protection Act Bill Passed - House (221 - 210)
Dec. 23, 2022 National HR 2617 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (225 - 201)
Dec. 22, 2022 National HR 9640 Presidential Tax Filings and Audit Transparency Act of 2022 Bill Passed - House (222 - 201)
Dec. 15, 2022 NJ A 4889 Authorizes Residential Address Confidentiality for Local Officials Bill Passed - House (67 - 11)
Dec. 15, 2022 NJ A 4889 Authorizes Residential Address Confidentiality for Local Officials Bill Passed - House (67 - 11)
Dec. 15, 2022 National HR 8393 Puerto Rico Status Act Bill Passed - House (233 - 191)
Date No. Title Outcome
3/02 HB 3307 Establishing the West Virginia-Ireland Trade Commission Concurrence Vote Passed - House (87 - 10)
3/02 HB 2078 Authorizes a State Audit Process of Election Results Bill Passed - House (31 - 28)
3/02 HB 693 Prohibits State Agencies from Denying Individual Records Request Due To Ongoing Litigation Bill Passed - House (94 - 4)
3/02 H 429 Authorizes Several Changes to Vermont Election Laws Bill Failed - House (59 - 78)
3/02 H 429 Authorizes Several Changes to Vermont Election Laws Bill Failed - House (59 - 78)
3/02 HB 236 Requires Public Pension Investments be based on Financial Risks and Returns not ESG Factors Bill Passed - House (77 - 14)
3/01 HB 4016 Appropriates $1.4 Billion from the General Budget to Address the State Healthcare Worker Shortage Concurrence Vote Passed - House (59 - 49)
3/01 HB 1165 Prohibits Absentee Ballot Drop Boxes Concurrence Vote Passed - House (57 - 11)
3/01 SB 55 Prohibits Ranked-Choice Voting Bill Passed - House (63 - 5)
3/01 SF 127 Authorizes a State Digital Currency Bill Passed - House (36 - 25)
3/01 HB 2691 Requires a Video Livestream of Ballots During the Signature Matching Process Bill Passed - House (31 - 28)
3/01 HB 2552 Prohibits Ranked Choice Voting Bill Passed - House (31 - 28)
3/01 HR 347 Reduce Exacerbated Inflation Negatively Impacting the Nation Act Bill Passed - House (272 - 148)
2/28 H 3591 Establishes a Constitutional Amendment to Repeal the State "Blaine Amendment" Resolution Passed - House (83 - 27)
2/28 SF 131 Prohibits the Distribution of Unsolicited Absentee Ballot Forms Bill Passed - House (54 - 5)
2/28 HB 2319 Amends How Judges Interpret Election Laws Bill Passed - House (31 - 26)
2/28 HB 2319 Amends How Judges Interpret Election Laws Bill Passed - House (31 - 26)
2/24 H 138 Amends Date of the State Presidential Primary from March to May Bill Passed - House (61 - 6)
2/24 HB 2 Amends State Law to Temporarily Open the 2-Year Window for Survivors to File Civil Lawsuits Bill Passed - House (134 - 67)
2/24 HB 1 Amends the State Constitution to Increase the Reporting Window for Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse Bill Passed - House (161 - 40)
2/23 SB 102 Requires Continuous Updating of Candidate Lists Prior to an Election Bill Passed - House (66 - 2)
2/23 HB 2056 Requires All Advance Voting Ballots be Returned by 7:00 P.M. on Election Day Bill Passed - House (77 - 45)
2/22 HB 1334 Increases Restrictions on Voter Registration Bill Passed - House (64 - 28)
2/22 HB 1419 Increases Number of Counties Where a Minimum Number of Signatures Must be Submitted from 15 to 50 Bill Passed - House (79 - 19)
2/22 HB 153 Prohibits Any Federal Ban or Regulation on Firearms Enacted in 2021 or After Bill Passed - House (78 - 19)
2/22 HB 1200 Require Citizens Collect 1,000 Signatures from Each Legislative District to Put Constitutional Amendments to a Statewide Vote Bill Passed - House (47 - 22)
2/22 HB 2322 Amends and Codifies Outdated Signature Verification Guidelines Bill Passed - House (47 - 13)
2/22 HB 1200 Require Citizens Collect 1,000 Signatures from Each Legislative District to Put Constitutional Amendments to a Statewide Vote Bill Passed - House (47 - 22)
2/21 HB 2415 Authorizes the Removal of Voters from Arizona's Permanent Mail-In Voting List Bill Passed - House (31 - 29)
2/21 HB 4 Expands Various Voting Rights Bill Passed - House (41 - 26)
2/21 HB 2477 Specifies the Importance of the Electoral College to United States Elections Bill Passed - House (31 - 29)
2/21 HB 7 Establishes State Protections for Gender Affirming Care Bill Passed - House (38 - 31)
2/20 H 124 Prohibits Using Student ID at Voting Polls Bill Passed - House (59 - 11)
2/20 HB 1340 Prohibits Local Governments from Enforcing Stricter Gun Laws then Passed by the State Bill Passed - House (83 - 10)
2/16 SB 1530 Appropriates Funding for K-12 Education Bill Passed - House (31 - 27)
2/16 HB 184 Prohibits Local Governments from Requiring More Than 5 Electric Vehicle Charging Stations per Parking Lot Bill Passed - House (105 - 36)
2/16 HB 3012 Exempts Severance Tax for 9 Years on Rare Earth Elements and Critical Minerals Bill Passed - House (91 - 7)
2/15 HJM 1 Authorizes Amending the State Border with Oregon Bill Passed - House (41 - 28)
2/14 HJR 2 Amends how State Courts can Grant Injunctions Concurrence Vote Passed - House (57 - 14)
2/14 HB 2006 Restructures the Department of Health and Human Resources Bill Passed - House (95 - 3)
2/14 HB 2006 Restructures the Department of Health and Human Resources Bill Passed - House (95 - 3)
2/14 HB 1167 Requires Public Government Meetings be Live-Streamed and Archived Bill Passed - House (86 - 9)
2/13 HB 347 Prohibits Tampering With Ballot Boxes Bill Passed - House (54 - 16)
2/10 SB 4-B Authorizes Office of Statewide Prosecution to Investigate Voting-Related Crimes Bill Passed - House (77 - 33)
2/09 H J Res 26 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Revised Criminal Code Act Joint Resolution Passed - House (250 - 173)
2/09 H J Res 24 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the Local Resident Voting Rights Amendment Act of 2022 Joint Resolution Passed - House (260 - 162)
2/07 HB 1020 Establishes a Court System of Unelected Judges and Prosecutors for the City of Jackson, Mississippi Bill Passed - House (76 - 38)
2/02 HB 103 Specifies Process for Declaration or Change of Voter Party Affiliation Bill Passed - House (51 - 9)
2/02 HJR 43 Requires 60% of Popular Vote to Approve Constitutional Amendments Bill Passed - House (108 - 50)
2/02 HF 28 Expands Voting Rights to Ex-Felons Bill Passed - House (71 - 59)
2/02 HJR 43 Requires 60% of Popular Vote to Approve Constitutional Amendments Bill Passed - House (108 - 50)
2/02 H Con Res 9 Denouncing the horrors of socialism. Joint Resolution Passed - House (328 - 86)
2/02 H Res 76 Removing a certain Member from a certain standing committee of the House. Resolution Passed - House (218 - 211)
2/01 HR 139 SHOW UP Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (221 - 206)
1/31 SB 13 Amends the Date of Upcoming Presidential Primary Elections Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
1/30 S 1343 Amends Requirements for State Agencies Purchasing Zero Emissions Vehicles Bill Passed - House (108 - 35)
1/30 HB 131 Prohibits Public Entities from Restricting Employment Due to an Individuals Vaccination Status Bill Passed - House (60 - 13)
1/26 SB 35 Amends State Law Relating to Bond and Capital Improvements Bill Passed - House (25 - 15)
1/26 HB 1877 Limits Early Voting to 2 Weeks Before an Election Bill Passed - House (51 - 47)
1/26 HB 1693 Prohibits Election Ballot Drop Boxes Bill Passed - House (51 - 47)
1/24 A 1283 Authorizes Constitutional Referendum Prohibiting Discrimination on Basis of Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, Reproductive Autonomy, Etc. Bill Passed - House (97 - 46)
1/19 HF 1 Establishes Abortion Protections as a State Constitutional Right Bill Passed - House (69 - 65)
1/19 H 1 Requires a Hand Recount of All Election Ballots Bill Passed - House (69 - 0)
1/19 HB 33 Authorizes County Commissioners to Begin Civil Proceedings if Local Board Members Fail to Comply Bill Passed - House (90 - 9)
1/19 HB 33 Authorizes County Commissioners to Begin Civil Proceedings if Local Board Members Fail to Comply Bill Passed - House (90 - 9)
1/18 HB 1 Appropriates Funds for Legislature Bill Passed - House (47 - 19)
1/18 HB 1 Appropriates Funds for Legislature Bill Passed - House (47 - 19)
1/10 H Res 12 Establishing a Select Subcommittee on the Weaponization of the Federal Government as a select investigative subcommittee of the Committee on the Judiciary Resolution Passed - House (221 - 211)
1/10 H Res 12 Establishing a Select Subcommittee on the Weaponization of the Federal Government as a select investigative subcommittee of the Committee on the Judiciary Resolution Passed - House (221 - 211)
1/09 HR 23 Family and Small Business Taxpayer Protection Act Bill Passed - House (221 - 210)
12/23 HR 2617 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (225 - 201)
12/22 HR 9640 Presidential Tax Filings and Audit Transparency Act of 2022 Bill Passed - House (222 - 201)
12/15 A 4889 Authorizes Residential Address Confidentiality for Local Officials Bill Passed - House (67 - 11)
12/15 A 4889 Authorizes Residential Address Confidentiality for Local Officials Bill Passed - House (67 - 11)
12/15 HR 8393 Puerto Rico Status Act Bill Passed - House (233 - 191)

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