Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Feb. 28, 2024 UT SB 268 Authorizes Cities to Create First Home Investment Zones Bill Passed - House (55 - 18)
Feb. 28, 2024 AK HB 89 Expands Childcare Assistance Program Eligibility Bill Passed - House (35 - 5)
Feb. 28, 2024 National HR 4984 D.C. Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium Campus Revitalization Act Bill Passed - House (348 - 55)
Feb. 28, 2024 AZ HCR 2056 Prohibits Elections Officials from Receiving Funding from Foreign Governments Joint Resolution Passed - House (31 - 28)
Feb. 27, 2024 WA SB 6105 Establishes Adult Entertainment Bill of Rights Bill Passed - House (58 - 36)
Feb. 27, 2024 UT SB 240 Specifies Daily Calendars for State Elected Officials are No Longer Considered Public Government Records Bill Passed - House (52 - 22)
Feb. 27, 2024 UT SB 240 Specifies Daily Calendars for State Elected Officials are No Longer Considered Public Government Records Bill Passed - House (52 - 22)
Feb. 27, 2024 UT SB 240 Specifies Daily Calendars for State Elected Officials are No Longer Considered Public Government Records Bill Passed - House (52 - 22)
Feb. 26, 2024 SD HB 1061 Appropriates $4.28 Million to the Emergency and Disaster Fund for National Guard Troop Deployment to the Texas Border Bill Passed - House (63 - 5)
Feb. 23, 2024 WY HB 29 Amends Cold Case Database and Investigation Provisions Bill Passed - House (53 - 9)
Feb. 23, 2024 UT HB 496 Requires the Public Lands Policy Coordinating Office Recognize Multiple Uses and Sustained Yields on Federal Public Lands Bill Passed - House (62 - 4)
Feb. 22, 2024 MO HB 1749 Amends Statutes for Initiative Petitions and Referendums Bill Passed - House (104 - 41)
Feb. 22, 2024 CA AB 2435 Extends Healthcare Coverage Bill Passed - House (53 - 13)
Feb. 21, 2024 UT HB 11 Limits the Use of "Nonfunctional" Grass in the Construction of New Government Buildings Concurrence Vote Passed - House (59 - 12)
Feb. 20, 2024 WI AJR 112 Prohibits the Governor from Using Partial Veto to Create or Increase any Tax or Fee Joint Resolution Passed - House (64 - 34)
Feb. 15, 2024 WI AJR 109 Prohibits Governments from Giving Preferential Treatment to Staff on the Basis of Race, Sex, or National Origin Joint Resolution Passed - House (62 - 35)
Feb. 14, 2024 NM SB 5 Prohibits Fireams at State Drop Boxes and Polling Places Bill Passed - House (35 - 34)
Feb. 14, 2024 NM SB 108 Requires the Election Fund be Reimbursed by the General Fund for All Election Costs Bill Passed - House (59 - 5)
Feb. 13, 2024 NM SB 15 Requires State Review of All Healthcare Mergers, Acquisitions, and Other Material Changes Bill Passed - House (47 - 20)
Feb. 13, 2024 WI SB 488 Establishes the 2024 State Legislative District Map Bill Passed - House (63 - 33)
Feb. 13, 2024 WV SB 171 Prohibits County Commissions from Authorizing Limits that Exceed State Law Regarding Agriculture Bill Passed - House (84 - 16)
Feb. 13, 2024 National H Res 863 Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors Resolution Passed - House (214 - 213)
Feb. 13, 2024 National H Res 863 Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors Resolution Passed - House (214 - 213)
Feb. 13, 2024 WV HB 5002 Requires Baby Changing Stations in West Virginia Rest Areas and Welcome Centers Bill Passed - House (96 - 3)
Feb. 12, 2024 MO HB 2062 Prohibits Local Governments From Enforcing Eviction Delays Unless Authorized by State Law Bill Passed - House (111 - 26)
Feb. 12, 2024 NM HB 182 Amends the State Campaign Reporting Act to Require Disclaimers on "Materially Deceptive Media" Bill Passed - House (38 - 28)
Feb. 8, 2024 WA HB 1932 Authorizes Local Governments to Amend Their General Elections to Even-Numbered Years When Voter Turnout is High Bill Passed - House (52 - 45)
Feb. 8, 2024 AZ HB 2785 Requires the Department of Administration to Coordinate with State Agencies Concerning Elections Bill Passed - House (56 - 2)
Feb. 6, 2024 National H Res 863 Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors Resolution Failed - House (214 - 216)
Feb. 6, 2024 National H Res 863 Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors Resolution Failed - House (214 - 216)
Feb. 5, 2024 UT HJR 19 Establishes the Legislature's support of Sen. Mike Lee's HOUSES Act Joint Resolution Passed - House (60 - 12)
Feb. 2, 2024 AK HB 129 Amends Voter Registration Rules in Alaska Bill Passed - House (33 - 6)
Feb. 1, 2024 FL HR 1209 Authorizes State Disassociation from Council on American-Islamic Relations Resolution Passed - House (98 - 15)
Jan. 30, 2024 KY HB 341 Prohibits Non-Citizens from Voting in an Election Bill Passed - House (81 - 15)
Jan. 26, 2024 UT HB 261 Repeals Diversity Training Programs Across All Public Education and Government Agencies in the State Concurrence Vote Passed - House (60 - 14)
Jan. 25, 2024 GA HB 30 Defines "Antisemitism" into State Law Concurrence Vote Passed - House (129 - 5)
Jan. 24, 2024 WI AB 415 Establishes a 5-Member Advisory Commission to Examine State Legislative District Maps Concurrence Vote Passed - House (63 - 35)
Jan. 24, 2024 WI AB 415 Establishes a 5-Member Advisory Commission to Examine State Legislative District Maps Concurrence Vote Passed - House (63 - 35)
Jan. 24, 2024 MS HCR 11 Prohibits Changes to the State's Constitution Joint Resolution Passed - House (80 - 39)
Jan. 19, 2024 LA HB 17 Authorizes Certain Offices to Conduct Closed Party Primary Elections and Amends Election Codes Concurrence Vote Passed - House (67 - 36)
Jan. 18, 2024 National HR 2872 Making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2024, and for other purposes. Concurrence Vote Passed - House (314 - 108)
Jan. 11, 2024 National HR 788 Stop Settlement Slush Funds Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (211 - 197)
Jan. 9, 2024 FL HCR 703 Alleges Support for a Balanced Budget Constitutional Convention Joint Resolution Passed - House (80 - 33)
Jan. 8, 2024 NJ A 5910 Increases Annual Legislature Salaries Starting in 2026 Bill Passed - House (48 - 24)
Dec. 21, 2023 NJ A 3690 Authorizes Minors to Vote in a State Primary Election if They Turn 18 Prior to the General Election Date Concurrence Vote Passed - House (47 - 19)
Dec. 13, 2023 PA SB 140 Authorizes the State Attorney General to Appoint a Special Prosecutor for South Eastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA) Crimes Bill Passed - House (159 - 44)
Dec. 13, 2023 National H Res 918 Directing certain committees to continue their ongoing investigations as part of the existing House of Representatives inquiry into whether sufficient grounds exist for the House of Representatives to exercise its Constitutional power to impeach Joseph Biden, President of the United States of America, and for other purposes. Resolution Passed - House (221 - 212)
Dec. 13, 2023 National H Res 918 Directing certain committees to continue their ongoing investigations as part of the existing House of Representatives inquiry into whether sufficient grounds exist for the House of Representatives to exercise its Constitutional power to impeach Joseph Biden, President of the United States of America, and for other purposes. Resolution Passed - House (221 - 212)
Dec. 12, 2023 National HR 357 Ensuring Accountability in Agency Rulemaking Act Bill Passed - House (218 - 203)
Dec. 1, 2023 National H Res 878 Providing for the expulsion of Representative George Santos from the United States House of Representatives Resolution Passed - House (311 - 114)
Nov. 9, 2023 WI SJR 78 Prohibits the Use of Private Funds to Pay for Election Equipment and Administration Concurrence Vote Passed - House (60 - 35)
Nov. 9, 2023 WI SJR 71 Prohibits Non-Citizens from Voting in Any State Primary or General Election Concurrence Vote Passed - House (60 - 34)
Nov. 9, 2023 WI SJR 73 Amends the State Constitution to Add a Photo-ID Requirement to Vote Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 35)
Nov. 9, 2023 WI SJR 73 Amends the State Constitution to Add a Photo-ID Requirement to Vote Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 35)
Nov. 9, 2023 IL HB 351 Prohibits Officials Convicted of a Felony, Bribery, or Perjury While in Office from Holding Any Local or State Office in the Future Concurrence Vote Passed - House (88 - 18)
Nov. 9, 2023 MI SB 374 Requires Candidates for Public Office File Financial Disclosure Reports Before Assuming Office Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
Nov. 9, 2023 MI SB 615 Establishes Exceptions for Expenditure Disclosure Requirements Bill Passed - House (61 - 47)
Nov. 9, 2023 MI SB 616 Prohibits Certain Candidate Expenditures and Disbursements Bill Passed - House (62 - 46)
Nov. 9, 2023 MI SB 614 Requires Broad Financial Disclosure for State Candidates for Public Office Bill Passed - House (61 - 47)
Nov. 9, 2023 MI SB 613 Requires Broad Financial Disclosure for State Officials Bill Passed - House (59 - 49)
Nov. 9, 2023 MI SB 570 Authorizes County Clerks to Appoint a Designee to Conduct Election Audits Under Certain Circumstances Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
Nov. 9, 2023 WI AB 298 Prohibits Cities or Counties from Closing More than Half of Their Polling Places 30 Days Before an Election Bill Passed - House (95 - 2)
Nov. 9, 2023 WI AB 493 Prohibits Counting Write-In Campaigns Bill Passed - House (52 - 45)
Nov. 9, 2023 WI AB 552 Establishes an Age Limit of 75 for State Judges Bill Passed - House (53 - 44)
Nov. 9, 2023 MI HB 4128 Prohibits Open Carrying at Ballot Drop Box Locations Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
Nov. 9, 2023 MI HB 4127 Prohibits Open Carrying at Polling Places Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
Nov. 8, 2023 MI SB 337 Amends and Modernizes Key Provisions Governing Michigan State Land Surveys Bill Passed - House (77 - 32)
Nov. 7, 2023 National H Res 845 Censuring Representative Rashida Tlaib for promoting false narratives regarding the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack on Israel and for calling for the destruction of the state of Israel. Resolution Passed - House (234 - 188)
Nov. 7, 2023 National H Res 845 Censuring Representative Rashida Tlaib for promoting false narratives regarding the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack on Israel and for calling for the destruction of the state of Israel. Resolution Not Tabled - House (208 - 213)
Nov. 1, 2023 National H Res 829 Censuring Representative Rashida Tlaib for antisemitic activity, sympathizing with terrorist organizations, and leading an insurrection at the United States Capitol Complex. Resolution Tabled - House (222 - 186)
Nov. 1, 2023 National HR 4364 Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (214 - 197)
Nov. 1, 2023 MI HB 4234 Authorizes Automatic Payment Deductions for Political Action Committee (PAC) Contributions Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
Nov. 1, 2023 MI HB 4230 Repeals Restrictions on Public Employers Political Contribution Payroll Deduction Plans for Consenting Employees Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
Oct. 18, 2023 PA SB 224 Amends the Date of the Upcoming State Presidential Primary to April 2, 2024 Bill Passed - House (104 - 99)
Oct. 12, 2023 MI SB 470 Amends Election Laws Concerning Electronic Return of Absent Voter Ballots By Uniformed Service members Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
Date No. Title Outcome
2/28 SB 268 Authorizes Cities to Create First Home Investment Zones Bill Passed - House (55 - 18)
2/28 HB 89 Expands Childcare Assistance Program Eligibility Bill Passed - House (35 - 5)
2/28 HR 4984 D.C. Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium Campus Revitalization Act Bill Passed - House (348 - 55)
2/28 HCR 2056 Prohibits Elections Officials from Receiving Funding from Foreign Governments Joint Resolution Passed - House (31 - 28)
2/27 SB 6105 Establishes Adult Entertainment Bill of Rights Bill Passed - House (58 - 36)
2/27 SB 240 Specifies Daily Calendars for State Elected Officials are No Longer Considered Public Government Records Bill Passed - House (52 - 22)
2/27 SB 240 Specifies Daily Calendars for State Elected Officials are No Longer Considered Public Government Records Bill Passed - House (52 - 22)
2/27 SB 240 Specifies Daily Calendars for State Elected Officials are No Longer Considered Public Government Records Bill Passed - House (52 - 22)
2/26 HB 1061 Appropriates $4.28 Million to the Emergency and Disaster Fund for National Guard Troop Deployment to the Texas Border Bill Passed - House (63 - 5)
2/23 HB 29 Amends Cold Case Database and Investigation Provisions Bill Passed - House (53 - 9)
2/23 HB 496 Requires the Public Lands Policy Coordinating Office Recognize Multiple Uses and Sustained Yields on Federal Public Lands Bill Passed - House (62 - 4)
2/22 HB 1749 Amends Statutes for Initiative Petitions and Referendums Bill Passed - House (104 - 41)
2/22 AB 2435 Extends Healthcare Coverage Bill Passed - House (53 - 13)
2/21 HB 11 Limits the Use of "Nonfunctional" Grass in the Construction of New Government Buildings Concurrence Vote Passed - House (59 - 12)
2/20 AJR 112 Prohibits the Governor from Using Partial Veto to Create or Increase any Tax or Fee Joint Resolution Passed - House (64 - 34)
2/15 AJR 109 Prohibits Governments from Giving Preferential Treatment to Staff on the Basis of Race, Sex, or National Origin Joint Resolution Passed - House (62 - 35)
2/14 SB 5 Prohibits Fireams at State Drop Boxes and Polling Places Bill Passed - House (35 - 34)
2/14 SB 108 Requires the Election Fund be Reimbursed by the General Fund for All Election Costs Bill Passed - House (59 - 5)
2/13 SB 15 Requires State Review of All Healthcare Mergers, Acquisitions, and Other Material Changes Bill Passed - House (47 - 20)
2/13 SB 488 Establishes the 2024 State Legislative District Map Bill Passed - House (63 - 33)
2/13 SB 171 Prohibits County Commissions from Authorizing Limits that Exceed State Law Regarding Agriculture Bill Passed - House (84 - 16)
2/13 H Res 863 Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors Resolution Passed - House (214 - 213)
2/13 H Res 863 Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors Resolution Passed - House (214 - 213)
2/13 HB 5002 Requires Baby Changing Stations in West Virginia Rest Areas and Welcome Centers Bill Passed - House (96 - 3)
2/12 HB 2062 Prohibits Local Governments From Enforcing Eviction Delays Unless Authorized by State Law Bill Passed - House (111 - 26)
2/12 HB 182 Amends the State Campaign Reporting Act to Require Disclaimers on "Materially Deceptive Media" Bill Passed - House (38 - 28)
2/08 HB 1932 Authorizes Local Governments to Amend Their General Elections to Even-Numbered Years When Voter Turnout is High Bill Passed - House (52 - 45)
2/08 HB 2785 Requires the Department of Administration to Coordinate with State Agencies Concerning Elections Bill Passed - House (56 - 2)
2/06 H Res 863 Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors Resolution Failed - House (214 - 216)
2/06 H Res 863 Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors Resolution Failed - House (214 - 216)
2/05 HJR 19 Establishes the Legislature's support of Sen. Mike Lee's HOUSES Act Joint Resolution Passed - House (60 - 12)
2/02 HB 129 Amends Voter Registration Rules in Alaska Bill Passed - House (33 - 6)
2/01 HR 1209 Authorizes State Disassociation from Council on American-Islamic Relations Resolution Passed - House (98 - 15)
1/30 HB 341 Prohibits Non-Citizens from Voting in an Election Bill Passed - House (81 - 15)
1/26 HB 261 Repeals Diversity Training Programs Across All Public Education and Government Agencies in the State Concurrence Vote Passed - House (60 - 14)
1/25 HB 30 Defines "Antisemitism" into State Law Concurrence Vote Passed - House (129 - 5)
1/24 AB 415 Establishes a 5-Member Advisory Commission to Examine State Legislative District Maps Concurrence Vote Passed - House (63 - 35)
1/24 AB 415 Establishes a 5-Member Advisory Commission to Examine State Legislative District Maps Concurrence Vote Passed - House (63 - 35)
1/24 HCR 11 Prohibits Changes to the State's Constitution Joint Resolution Passed - House (80 - 39)
1/19 HB 17 Authorizes Certain Offices to Conduct Closed Party Primary Elections and Amends Election Codes Concurrence Vote Passed - House (67 - 36)
1/18 HR 2872 Making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2024, and for other purposes. Concurrence Vote Passed - House (314 - 108)
1/11 HR 788 Stop Settlement Slush Funds Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (211 - 197)
1/09 HCR 703 Alleges Support for a Balanced Budget Constitutional Convention Joint Resolution Passed - House (80 - 33)
1/08 A 5910 Increases Annual Legislature Salaries Starting in 2026 Bill Passed - House (48 - 24)
12/21 A 3690 Authorizes Minors to Vote in a State Primary Election if They Turn 18 Prior to the General Election Date Concurrence Vote Passed - House (47 - 19)
12/13 SB 140 Authorizes the State Attorney General to Appoint a Special Prosecutor for South Eastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA) Crimes Bill Passed - House (159 - 44)
12/13 H Res 918 Directing certain committees to continue their ongoing investigations as part of the existing House of Representatives inquiry into whether sufficient grounds exist for the House of Representatives to exercise its Constitutional power to impeach Joseph Biden, President of the United States of America, and for other purposes. Resolution Passed - House (221 - 212)
12/13 H Res 918 Directing certain committees to continue their ongoing investigations as part of the existing House of Representatives inquiry into whether sufficient grounds exist for the House of Representatives to exercise its Constitutional power to impeach Joseph Biden, President of the United States of America, and for other purposes. Resolution Passed - House (221 - 212)
12/12 HR 357 Ensuring Accountability in Agency Rulemaking Act Bill Passed - House (218 - 203)
12/01 H Res 878 Providing for the expulsion of Representative George Santos from the United States House of Representatives Resolution Passed - House (311 - 114)
11/09 SJR 78 Prohibits the Use of Private Funds to Pay for Election Equipment and Administration Concurrence Vote Passed - House (60 - 35)
11/09 SJR 71 Prohibits Non-Citizens from Voting in Any State Primary or General Election Concurrence Vote Passed - House (60 - 34)
11/09 SJR 73 Amends the State Constitution to Add a Photo-ID Requirement to Vote Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 35)
11/09 SJR 73 Amends the State Constitution to Add a Photo-ID Requirement to Vote Concurrence Vote Passed - House (62 - 35)
11/09 HB 351 Prohibits Officials Convicted of a Felony, Bribery, or Perjury While in Office from Holding Any Local or State Office in the Future Concurrence Vote Passed - House (88 - 18)
11/09 SB 374 Requires Candidates for Public Office File Financial Disclosure Reports Before Assuming Office Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
11/09 SB 615 Establishes Exceptions for Expenditure Disclosure Requirements Bill Passed - House (61 - 47)
11/09 SB 616 Prohibits Certain Candidate Expenditures and Disbursements Bill Passed - House (62 - 46)
11/09 SB 614 Requires Broad Financial Disclosure for State Candidates for Public Office Bill Passed - House (61 - 47)
11/09 SB 613 Requires Broad Financial Disclosure for State Officials Bill Passed - House (59 - 49)
11/09 SB 570 Authorizes County Clerks to Appoint a Designee to Conduct Election Audits Under Certain Circumstances Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
11/09 AB 298 Prohibits Cities or Counties from Closing More than Half of Their Polling Places 30 Days Before an Election Bill Passed - House (95 - 2)
11/09 AB 493 Prohibits Counting Write-In Campaigns Bill Passed - House (52 - 45)
11/09 AB 552 Establishes an Age Limit of 75 for State Judges Bill Passed - House (53 - 44)
11/09 HB 4128 Prohibits Open Carrying at Ballot Drop Box Locations Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
11/09 HB 4127 Prohibits Open Carrying at Polling Places Bill Passed - House (56 - 53)
11/08 SB 337 Amends and Modernizes Key Provisions Governing Michigan State Land Surveys Bill Passed - House (77 - 32)
11/07 H Res 845 Censuring Representative Rashida Tlaib for promoting false narratives regarding the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack on Israel and for calling for the destruction of the state of Israel. Resolution Passed - House (234 - 188)
11/07 H Res 845 Censuring Representative Rashida Tlaib for promoting false narratives regarding the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack on Israel and for calling for the destruction of the state of Israel. Resolution Not Tabled - House (208 - 213)
11/01 H Res 829 Censuring Representative Rashida Tlaib for antisemitic activity, sympathizing with terrorist organizations, and leading an insurrection at the United States Capitol Complex. Resolution Tabled - House (222 - 186)
11/01 HR 4364 Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (214 - 197)
11/01 HB 4234 Authorizes Automatic Payment Deductions for Political Action Committee (PAC) Contributions Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
11/01 HB 4230 Repeals Restrictions on Public Employers Political Contribution Payroll Deduction Plans for Consenting Employees Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)
10/18 SB 224 Amends the Date of the Upcoming State Presidential Primary to April 2, 2024 Bill Passed - House (104 - 99)
10/12 SB 470 Amends Election Laws Concerning Electronic Return of Absent Voter Ballots By Uniformed Service members Bill Passed - House (56 - 54)

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