Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
April 17, 2023 ND SB 2142 Establishes a State Immigration Office to Help Companies Recruit and Retain Foreign Workers Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (41 - 5)
April 12, 2023 AZ HB 2474 Prohibits Schools from Requiring Students Receive Vaccines Approved via Emergency Authorization Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 12)
April 11, 2023 ND HB 1135 Prohibits Foreign Governments from Buying Agricultural Land in North Dakota Concurrence Vote Passed - House (90 - 1)
April 6, 2023 ND SB 2142 Establishes a State Immigration Office to Help Companies Recruit and Retain Foreign Workers Bill Passed - House (64 - 28)
March 30, 2023 ID H 173 Prohibits Foreign Governments from Buying Agricultural Land in Idaho Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
March 29, 2023 National S 316 A bill to repeal the authorizations for use of military force against Iraq. Bill Passed - Senate (66 - 30)
March 29, 2023 National S 316 A bill to repeal the authorizations for use of military force against Iraq. Bill Passed - Senate (66 - 30)
March 29, 2023 National H J Res 7 Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020 Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (68 - 23)
March 28, 2023 NC HB 10 Requires Sheriffs to Cooperate with ICE Bill Passed - House (71 - 44)
March 28, 2023 NC HB 10 Requires Sheriffs to Cooperate with ICE Bill Passed - House (71 - 44)
March 23, 2023 SC S 576 Prohibits Citizens of "Foreign Adversary" Nations from Buying Property in the State Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
March 23, 2023 SC S 576 Prohibits Citizens of "Foreign Adversary" Nations from Buying Property in the State Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
March 23, 2023 IL HB 3882 Authorizes Undocumented Immigrants to Obtain a Standardized Illinois Driver's License Bill Passed - House (67 - 35)
March 16, 2023 National S 316 A bill to repeal the authorizations for use of military force against Iraq. Cloture Invoked - Senate (68 - 27)
March 16, 2023 National S 316 A bill to repeal the authorizations for use of military force against Iraq. Cloture Invoked - Senate (68 - 27)
March 10, 2023 National S 619 COVID-19 Origin Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (419 - 0)
March 9, 2023 ME LD 632 Alleges Support for the People of Ukraine on the One Year Anniversary of Russia's Invasion of Ukraine Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (27 - 4)
March 7, 2023 ME LD 632 Alleges Support for the People of Ukraine on the One Year Anniversary of Russia's Invasion of Ukraine Joint Resolution Passed - House (87 - 54)
March 7, 2023 AZ HB 2613 Requires 100% of a Voting Machine be Manufactured in the United States Bill Passed - House (31 - 29)
March 2, 2023 WV HB 3307 Establishing the West Virginia-Ireland Trade Commission Concurrence Vote Passed - House (87 - 10)
March 2, 2023 MO HB 903 Limits Amount of Farmland Foreign Countries Can Own Bill Passed - House (130 - 3)
March 2, 2023 GA SB 132 Prohibits Undocumented Individuals from Certain Land Ownership Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 20)
Feb. 27, 2023 CO HB 23-1100 Prohibits Government Participation in Civil Immigration Detention Bill Passed - House (41 - 22)
Feb. 25, 2023 VA SB 1188 Classifies Fentanyl as a "Weapons of Terrorism" and a Class 4 Felony Conference Report Adopted - Senate (35 - 5)
Feb. 24, 2023 VA SB 1188 Classifies Fentanyl as a "Weapons of Terrorism" and a Class 4 Felony Conference Report Adopted - House (50 - 42)
Feb. 21, 2023 MN HF 4 Authorizes Undocumented Residents to Obtain a State Drivers License Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 31)
Feb. 21, 2023 AZ HB 2474 Prohibits Schools from Requiring Students Receive Vaccines Approved via Emergency Authorization Bill Passed - House (31 - 28)
Feb. 16, 2023 SD HB 1235 Authorizes a COVID-19 Vaccine Conscience Exemption Bill Failed - House (30 - 39)
Feb. 14, 2023 NY S 819 Requires Food Allergy Awareness be Posted in Non-English Languages Bill Passed - House (97 - 44)
Feb. 10, 2023 FL SB 6-B Establishes Unauthorized Alien Transport Program Bill Passed - House (77 - 34)
Feb. 9, 2023 National H Res 104 Condemning the Chinese Communist Party's use of a high-altitude surveillance balloon over United States territory as a brazen violation of United States sovereignty Resolution Passed - House (419 - 0)
Feb. 8, 2023 FL SB 6-B Establishes Unauthorized Alien Transport Program Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 12)
Feb. 8, 2023 National HR 185 To terminate the requirement imposed by the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for proof of COVID-19 vaccination for foreign travelers, and for other purposes. Bill Passed - House (227 - 201)
Feb. 3, 2023 VA HB 2385 Prohibits Use of TikTok on Government-Issued Devices Bill Passed - House (53 - 45)
Feb. 3, 2023 VA HB 2385 Prohibits Use of TikTok on Government-Issued Devices Bill Passed - House (53 - 45)
Feb. 1, 2023 National H J Res 7 Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020 Joint Resolution Passed - House (229 - 197)
Jan. 31, 2023 National HR 382 Pandemic is Over Act Bill Passed - House (220 - 210)
Jan. 31, 2023 National HR 497 Freedom for Health Care Workers Act Bill Passed - House (227 - 203)
Jan. 30, 2023 MN HF 4 Authorizes Undocumented Residents to Obtain a State Drivers License Bill Passed - House (69 - 60)
Jan. 12, 2023 National HR 22 Protecting America's Strategic Petroleum Reserve from China Act Bill Passed - House (331 - 97)
Jan. 10, 2023 National H Res 12 Establishing a Select Subcommittee on the Weaponization of the Federal Government as a select investigative subcommittee of the Committee on the Judiciary Resolution Passed - House (221 - 211)
Jan. 10, 2023 National H Res 11 Establishing the Select Committee on the Strategic Competition Between the United States and the Chinese Communist Party Resolution Passed - House (365 - 65)
Jan. 10, 2023 National H Res 11 Establishing the Select Committee on the Strategic Competition Between the United States and the Chinese Communist Party Resolution Passed - House (365 - 65)
Dec. 23, 2022 National HR 2617 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (225 - 201)
Dec. 22, 2022 National HR 2617 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (68 - 29)
Dec. 15, 2022 National HR 7776 James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (83 - 11)
Dec. 15, 2022 National HR 8393 Puerto Rico Status Act Bill Passed - House (233 - 191)
Dec. 8, 2022 National H Res 1512 Providing for the concurrence by the House in the Senate amendment to H.R. 7776, with an amendment Concurrence Vote Passed - House (350 - 80)
Dec. 6, 2022 National HR 7946 Veteran Service Recognition Act of 2022 Bill Passed - House (220 - 208)
Dec. 1, 2022 National HR 4785 To support the human rights of Uyghurs and members of other minority groups residing primarily in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and safeguard their distinct identity, and for other purposes. Bill Passed - House (407 - 17)
Nov. 15, 2022 National S J Res 63 A joint resolution relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020. Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (62 - 36)
Sept. 30, 2022 National HR 6833 Continuing Appropriations and Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2023 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (230 - 201)
Sept. 30, 2022 National HR 6833 Continuing Appropriations and Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2023 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (230 - 201)
Sept. 29, 2022 National HR 6833 Continuing Appropriations and Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2023 Bill Passed - Senate (72 - 25)
Sept. 29, 2022 National HR 6833 Continuing Appropriations and Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2023 Bill Passed - Senate (72 - 25)
Aug. 15, 2022 CA SB 960 Repeals Citizenship and Permanent Resident Requirements for State Police Bill Passed - House (45 - 19)
July 28, 2022 National HR 7776 James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 Bill Passed - Senate (93 - 1)
July 27, 2022 National HR 3771 South Asian Heart Awareness and Research Act of 2022 Bill Passed - House (237 - 192)
July 18, 2022 National H Res 1130 Expressing support for the sovereign decision of Finland and Sweden to apply to join the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) as well as calling on all members of NATO to ratify the protocols of accession swiftly Resolution Passed - House (394 - 18)
July 15, 2022 National HR 8351 Formula Act Bill Passed - House (421 - 2)
July 14, 2022 National HR 7900 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 Bill Passed - House (329 - 101)
July 1, 2022 NC SB 101 Requires Sheriffs to Cooperate with ICE Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (25 - 19)
June 30, 2022 NC SB 101 Requires Sheriffs to Cooperate with ICE Bill Passed - House (65 - 47)
June 23, 2022 RI H 7939 Authorizes Driving Permits for Undocumented Persons Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
June 22, 2022 RI H 7939 Authorizes Driving Permits for Undocumented Persons (55 - 15)
June 16, 2022 NJ A 3694 Establishes the Purple Star Schools Program for Military Families Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 0)
June 9, 2022 MA H 4805 Authorizes State Drivers Licenses for Certain Undocumented Persons Veto Override Passed - Senate (32 - 8)
June 8, 2022 MA H 4805 Authorizes State Drivers Licenses for Certain Undocumented Persons Veto Override Passed - House (119 - 36)
June 2, 2022 NY S 9465 Expands Monitoring of Social Media Activity Bill Passed - House (144 - 5)
June 2, 2022 NY S 9465 Expands Monitoring of Social Media Activity Bill Passed - Senate (59 - 4)
May 26, 2022 MA H 4805 Authorizes State Drivers Licenses for Certain Undocumented Persons Bill Passed - House (117 - 36)
May 26, 2022 MA H 4805 Authorizes State Drivers Licenses for Certain Undocumented Persons (32 - 8)
May 26, 2022 National HR 350 Domestic Terrorism Prevention Act of 2022 Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (47 - 47)
May 26, 2022 National S J Res 46 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Justice and the Department of Homeland Security relating to "Procedures for Credible Fear Screening and Consideration of Asylum, Withholding of Removal, and CAT Protection Claims by Asylum Officers". Joint Resolution Failed - Senate (46 - 48)
May 19, 2022 National HR 7691 Making emergency supplemental appropriations for assistance for the situation in Ukraine for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2022, and for other purposes. Bill Passed - Senate (86 - 11)
Date No. Title Outcome
4/17 SB 2142 Establishes a State Immigration Office to Help Companies Recruit and Retain Foreign Workers Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (41 - 5)
4/12 HB 2474 Prohibits Schools from Requiring Students Receive Vaccines Approved via Emergency Authorization Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 12)
4/11 HB 1135 Prohibits Foreign Governments from Buying Agricultural Land in North Dakota Concurrence Vote Passed - House (90 - 1)
4/06 SB 2142 Establishes a State Immigration Office to Help Companies Recruit and Retain Foreign Workers Bill Passed - House (64 - 28)
3/30 H 173 Prohibits Foreign Governments from Buying Agricultural Land in Idaho Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 9)
3/29 S 316 A bill to repeal the authorizations for use of military force against Iraq. Bill Passed - Senate (66 - 30)
3/29 S 316 A bill to repeal the authorizations for use of military force against Iraq. Bill Passed - Senate (66 - 30)
3/29 H J Res 7 Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020 Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (68 - 23)
3/28 HB 10 Requires Sheriffs to Cooperate with ICE Bill Passed - House (71 - 44)
3/28 HB 10 Requires Sheriffs to Cooperate with ICE Bill Passed - House (71 - 44)
3/23 S 576 Prohibits Citizens of "Foreign Adversary" Nations from Buying Property in the State Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
3/23 S 576 Prohibits Citizens of "Foreign Adversary" Nations from Buying Property in the State Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
3/23 HB 3882 Authorizes Undocumented Immigrants to Obtain a Standardized Illinois Driver's License Bill Passed - House (67 - 35)
3/16 S 316 A bill to repeal the authorizations for use of military force against Iraq. Cloture Invoked - Senate (68 - 27)
3/16 S 316 A bill to repeal the authorizations for use of military force against Iraq. Cloture Invoked - Senate (68 - 27)
3/10 S 619 COVID-19 Origin Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (419 - 0)
3/09 LD 632 Alleges Support for the People of Ukraine on the One Year Anniversary of Russia's Invasion of Ukraine Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (27 - 4)
3/07 LD 632 Alleges Support for the People of Ukraine on the One Year Anniversary of Russia's Invasion of Ukraine Joint Resolution Passed - House (87 - 54)
3/07 HB 2613 Requires 100% of a Voting Machine be Manufactured in the United States Bill Passed - House (31 - 29)
3/02 HB 3307 Establishing the West Virginia-Ireland Trade Commission Concurrence Vote Passed - House (87 - 10)
3/02 HB 903 Limits Amount of Farmland Foreign Countries Can Own Bill Passed - House (130 - 3)
3/02 SB 132 Prohibits Undocumented Individuals from Certain Land Ownership Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 20)
2/27 HB 23-1100 Prohibits Government Participation in Civil Immigration Detention Bill Passed - House (41 - 22)
2/25 SB 1188 Classifies Fentanyl as a "Weapons of Terrorism" and a Class 4 Felony Conference Report Adopted - Senate (35 - 5)
2/24 SB 1188 Classifies Fentanyl as a "Weapons of Terrorism" and a Class 4 Felony Conference Report Adopted - House (50 - 42)
2/21 HF 4 Authorizes Undocumented Residents to Obtain a State Drivers License Bill Passed - Senate (34 - 31)
2/21 HB 2474 Prohibits Schools from Requiring Students Receive Vaccines Approved via Emergency Authorization Bill Passed - House (31 - 28)
2/16 HB 1235 Authorizes a COVID-19 Vaccine Conscience Exemption Bill Failed - House (30 - 39)
2/14 S 819 Requires Food Allergy Awareness be Posted in Non-English Languages Bill Passed - House (97 - 44)
2/10 SB 6-B Establishes Unauthorized Alien Transport Program Bill Passed - House (77 - 34)
2/09 H Res 104 Condemning the Chinese Communist Party's use of a high-altitude surveillance balloon over United States territory as a brazen violation of United States sovereignty Resolution Passed - House (419 - 0)
2/08 SB 6-B Establishes Unauthorized Alien Transport Program Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 12)
2/08 HR 185 To terminate the requirement imposed by the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for proof of COVID-19 vaccination for foreign travelers, and for other purposes. Bill Passed - House (227 - 201)
2/03 HB 2385 Prohibits Use of TikTok on Government-Issued Devices Bill Passed - House (53 - 45)
2/03 HB 2385 Prohibits Use of TikTok on Government-Issued Devices Bill Passed - House (53 - 45)
2/01 H J Res 7 Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020 Joint Resolution Passed - House (229 - 197)
1/31 HR 382 Pandemic is Over Act Bill Passed - House (220 - 210)
1/31 HR 497 Freedom for Health Care Workers Act Bill Passed - House (227 - 203)
1/30 HF 4 Authorizes Undocumented Residents to Obtain a State Drivers License Bill Passed - House (69 - 60)
1/12 HR 22 Protecting America's Strategic Petroleum Reserve from China Act Bill Passed - House (331 - 97)
1/10 H Res 12 Establishing a Select Subcommittee on the Weaponization of the Federal Government as a select investigative subcommittee of the Committee on the Judiciary Resolution Passed - House (221 - 211)
1/10 H Res 11 Establishing the Select Committee on the Strategic Competition Between the United States and the Chinese Communist Party Resolution Passed - House (365 - 65)
1/10 H Res 11 Establishing the Select Committee on the Strategic Competition Between the United States and the Chinese Communist Party Resolution Passed - House (365 - 65)
12/23 HR 2617 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (225 - 201)
12/22 HR 2617 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (68 - 29)
12/15 HR 7776 James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (83 - 11)
12/15 HR 8393 Puerto Rico Status Act Bill Passed - House (233 - 191)
12/08 H Res 1512 Providing for the concurrence by the House in the Senate amendment to H.R. 7776, with an amendment Concurrence Vote Passed - House (350 - 80)
12/06 HR 7946 Veteran Service Recognition Act of 2022 Bill Passed - House (220 - 208)
12/01 HR 4785 To support the human rights of Uyghurs and members of other minority groups residing primarily in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and safeguard their distinct identity, and for other purposes. Bill Passed - House (407 - 17)
11/15 S J Res 63 A joint resolution relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020. Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (62 - 36)
9/30 HR 6833 Continuing Appropriations and Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2023 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (230 - 201)
9/30 HR 6833 Continuing Appropriations and Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2023 Concurrence Vote Passed - House (230 - 201)
9/29 HR 6833 Continuing Appropriations and Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2023 Bill Passed - Senate (72 - 25)
9/29 HR 6833 Continuing Appropriations and Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2023 Bill Passed - Senate (72 - 25)
8/15 SB 960 Repeals Citizenship and Permanent Resident Requirements for State Police Bill Passed - House (45 - 19)
7/28 HR 7776 James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 Bill Passed - Senate (93 - 1)
7/27 HR 3771 South Asian Heart Awareness and Research Act of 2022 Bill Passed - House (237 - 192)
7/18 H Res 1130 Expressing support for the sovereign decision of Finland and Sweden to apply to join the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) as well as calling on all members of NATO to ratify the protocols of accession swiftly Resolution Passed - House (394 - 18)
7/15 HR 8351 Formula Act Bill Passed - House (421 - 2)
7/14 HR 7900 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 Bill Passed - House (329 - 101)
7/01 SB 101 Requires Sheriffs to Cooperate with ICE Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (25 - 19)
6/30 SB 101 Requires Sheriffs to Cooperate with ICE Bill Passed - House (65 - 47)
6/23 H 7939 Authorizes Driving Permits for Undocumented Persons Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (28 - 10)
6/22 H 7939 Authorizes Driving Permits for Undocumented Persons (55 - 15)
6/16 A 3694 Establishes the Purple Star Schools Program for Military Families Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 0)
6/09 H 4805 Authorizes State Drivers Licenses for Certain Undocumented Persons Veto Override Passed - Senate (32 - 8)
6/08 H 4805 Authorizes State Drivers Licenses for Certain Undocumented Persons Veto Override Passed - House (119 - 36)
6/02 S 9465 Expands Monitoring of Social Media Activity Bill Passed - House (144 - 5)
6/02 S 9465 Expands Monitoring of Social Media Activity Bill Passed - Senate (59 - 4)
5/26 H 4805 Authorizes State Drivers Licenses for Certain Undocumented Persons Bill Passed - House (117 - 36)
5/26 H 4805 Authorizes State Drivers Licenses for Certain Undocumented Persons (32 - 8)
5/26 HR 350 Domestic Terrorism Prevention Act of 2022 Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (47 - 47)
5/26 S J Res 46 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Justice and the Department of Homeland Security relating to "Procedures for Credible Fear Screening and Consideration of Asylum, Withholding of Removal, and CAT Protection Claims by Asylum Officers". Joint Resolution Failed - Senate (46 - 48)
5/19 HR 7691 Making emergency supplemental appropriations for assistance for the situation in Ukraine for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2022, and for other purposes. Bill Passed - Senate (86 - 11)

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