Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
July 22, 2025 National HR 3944 Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026 Cloture Invoked - Senate (91 - 7)
July 22, 2025 National HR 3944 Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026 Cloture Invoked - Senate (91 - 7)
July 22, 2025 National PN 22-7 Nomination of Bradley Hansell to be Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security Nomination Confirmed - Senate (61 - 35)
July 22, 2025 National PN 22-7 Nomination of Bradley Hansell to be Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security Nomination Confirmed - Senate (61 - 35)
July 22, 2025 National PN 26-27 Nomination of Aaron Lukas to be Principal Deputy Director of National Intelligence Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 46)
July 22, 2025 National HR 3944 Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026 Motion Agreed - Senate (50 - 48)
July 22, 2025 National HR 3944 Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026 Motion Agreed - Senate (50 - 48)
July 18, 2025 National HR 4016 Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - House (221 - 209)
July 18, 2025 National HR 4016 Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - House (221 - 209)
July 17, 2025 National HR 4 Rescissions Act Bill Passed - Senate (51 - 48)
July 17, 2025 National HR 4 Rescissions Act Bill Passed - Senate (51 - 48)
July 17, 2025 National PN 26-27 Nomination of Aaron Lukas to be Principal Deputy Director of National Intelligence Cloture Invoked - Senate (49 - 40)
July 17, 2025 National PN 22-7 Nomination of Bradley Hansell to be Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security Cloture Invoked - Senate (57 - 31)
July 17, 2025 National PN 22-7 Nomination of Bradley Hansell to be Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security Cloture Invoked - Senate (57 - 31)
July 17, 2025 National PN 24-3 Nomination of John Hurley to be Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Crimes Cloture Invoked - Senate (46 - 36)
July 15, 2025 National PN 26-15 Nomination of Joseph Edlow to be Director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, Department of Homeland Security Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 47)
July 15, 2025 National PN 22-26 Nomination of Anthony Tata to be Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 46)
July 15, 2025 National HR 4 Rescissions Act Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 50)
July 15, 2025 National HR 4 Rescissions Act Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 50)
July 15, 2025 National PN 26-15 Nomination of Joseph Edlow to be Director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, Department of Homeland Security Cloture Invoked - Senate (50 - 46)
July 15, 2025 National PN 22-26 Nomination of Anthony Tata to be Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 47)
June 30, 2025 PA HB 799 Amends Regulations for Veterans' Benefits and Services Workplace Posting Concurrence Vote Passed - House (181 - 22)
June 30, 2025 NJ S 4376 Amends and Restructures the Department of Military and Veterans Affairs Bill Passed - House (72 - 0)
June 30, 2025 NJ S 4376 Amends and Restructures the Department of Military and Veterans Affairs Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 6)
June 27, 2025 CA AB 655 Authorizes the Speaker of the Assembly to Appoint a Member of the Assembly and the President pro Tempore to Appoint a Member of the Senate to the California-Mexico Border Relations Council Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
Date No. Title Outcome
7/22 HR 3944 Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026 Cloture Invoked - Senate (91 - 7)
7/22 HR 3944 Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026 Cloture Invoked - Senate (91 - 7)
7/22 PN 22-7 Nomination of Bradley Hansell to be Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security Nomination Confirmed - Senate (61 - 35)
7/22 PN 22-7 Nomination of Bradley Hansell to be Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security Nomination Confirmed - Senate (61 - 35)
7/22 PN 26-27 Nomination of Aaron Lukas to be Principal Deputy Director of National Intelligence Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 46)
7/22 HR 3944 Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026 Motion Agreed - Senate (50 - 48)
7/22 HR 3944 Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026 Motion Agreed - Senate (50 - 48)
7/18 HR 4016 Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - House (221 - 209)
7/18 HR 4016 Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2026 Bill Passed - House (221 - 209)
7/17 HR 4 Rescissions Act Bill Passed - Senate (51 - 48)
7/17 HR 4 Rescissions Act Bill Passed - Senate (51 - 48)
7/17 PN 26-27 Nomination of Aaron Lukas to be Principal Deputy Director of National Intelligence Cloture Invoked - Senate (49 - 40)
7/17 PN 22-7 Nomination of Bradley Hansell to be Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security Cloture Invoked - Senate (57 - 31)
7/17 PN 22-7 Nomination of Bradley Hansell to be Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security Cloture Invoked - Senate (57 - 31)
7/17 PN 24-3 Nomination of John Hurley to be Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Crimes Cloture Invoked - Senate (46 - 36)
7/15 PN 26-15 Nomination of Joseph Edlow to be Director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, Department of Homeland Security Nomination Confirmed - Senate (52 - 47)
7/15 PN 22-26 Nomination of Anthony Tata to be Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness Nomination Confirmed - Senate (51 - 46)
7/15 HR 4 Rescissions Act Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 50)
7/15 HR 4 Rescissions Act Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 50)
7/15 PN 26-15 Nomination of Joseph Edlow to be Director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, Department of Homeland Security Cloture Invoked - Senate (50 - 46)
7/15 PN 22-26 Nomination of Anthony Tata to be Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness Cloture Invoked - Senate (52 - 47)
6/30 HB 799 Amends Regulations for Veterans' Benefits and Services Workplace Posting Concurrence Vote Passed - House (181 - 22)
6/30 S 4376 Amends and Restructures the Department of Military and Veterans Affairs Bill Passed - House (72 - 0)
6/30 S 4376 Amends and Restructures the Department of Military and Veterans Affairs Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 6)
6/27 AB 655 Authorizes the Speaker of the Assembly to Appoint a Member of the Assembly and the President pro Tempore to Appoint a Member of the Senate to the California-Mexico Border Relations Council Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 0)

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