Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Aug. 4, 2026 NC SB 445 Amends Various Municipal and Residential Development Regulations Conference Report Adopted - House (84 - 26)
July 29, 2026 NC SB 445 Amends Various Municipal and Residential Development Regulations Conference Report Adopted - Senate (37 - 0)
July 12, 2026 PA HB 2017 Expands Regulations on Nuclear Microreactors and Small Modular Reactors Bill Passed - Senate (46 - 4)
June 3, 2026 National S J Res 188 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants: Coal- and Oil-Fired Electric Utility Steam Generating Units: Final Repeal" Motion Rejected - Senate (46 - 53)
May 28, 2026 NY S 8512 A Authorizes the Use of Portable Solar Generation Devices Without Utility Approval or Fees Bill Passed - Senate (59 - 1)
May 28, 2026 CA AB 2461 Requires Oil and Gas Companies to Clean Up Old Wells Bill Passed - House (53 - 21)
May 20, 2026 MI HB 5879 Requires Utility Companies to Reduce Rates Based on Tax Reductions Bill Passed - House (57 - 44)
May 20, 2026 MI HB 5879 Requires Utility Companies to Reduce Rates Based on Tax Reductions Bill Passed - House (57 - 44)
May 13, 2026 National HR 1346 Nationwide Consumer and Fuel Retailer Choice Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (218 - 203)
May 6, 2026 OK SB 1191 Repeals the Oklahoma Low Carbon Energy Initiative Board Bill Passed - House (86 - 0)
April 23, 2026 National HR 5587 Harnessing Energy At Thermal Sources (HEATS) Act Bill Passed - House (231 - 186)
April 22, 2026 National HR 4690 Reliable Federal Infrastructure Act Bill Passed - House (215 - 202)
April 21, 2026 National S 1020 A bill to require the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission to extend the time period during which licensees are required to commence construction of certain hydropower projects Bill Passed - House (394 - 14)
April 20, 2026 OK SB 1439 Prohibits Certain Climate-Related Lawsuits Against Oil and Gas Companies Bill Passed - House (74 - 16)
April 16, 2026 National H J Res 140 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to Public Land Order No. 7917 for Withdrawal of Federal Lands; Cook, Lake, and Saint Louis Counties, MN Bill Passed - Senate (50 - 49)
March 31, 2026 NY S 8812 Establishes the Effective Date of Provisions Relating to Gas Service to New Customers Bill Passed - House (102 - 45)
March 26, 2026 NH HB 1775 Authorizes Electric Utilities to Invest in Natural Gas or Nuclear Energy Resources "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (198 - 153)
March 26, 2026 NH HB 1775 Authorizes Electric Utilities to Invest in Natural Gas or Nuclear Energy Resources "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (198 - 153)
March 25, 2026 National S J Res 107 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Internal Revenue Service relating to "Beginning of Construction Requirements for Purposes of the Termination of Clean Electricity Production Credits and Clean Electricity Investment Credits for Applicable Wind and Solar Facilities" Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 53)
March 24, 2026 ME LD 1730 Authorizes the Use of Plug-In Solar Devices Bill Passed - House (79 - 65)
March 23, 2026 OK HB 2992 Establishes Protections for Electric Utility Customers Near Data Centers Bill Passed - House (92 - 2)
March 18, 2026 ME LD 1730 Authorizes the Use of Plug-In Solar Devices Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 3)
March 12, 2026 WA SB 6355 Establishes the Washington Electric Transmission Authority Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 17)
March 11, 2026 WA SB 6355 Establishes the Washington Electric Transmission Authority Bill Passed - House (66 - 27)
March 10, 2026 SD SB 135 Requires Data Centers to Pay Their Electric Bills and Regulate Water Usage Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 1)
Date No. Title Outcome
8/04 SB 445 Amends Various Municipal and Residential Development Regulations Conference Report Adopted - House (84 - 26)
7/29 SB 445 Amends Various Municipal and Residential Development Regulations Conference Report Adopted - Senate (37 - 0)
7/12 HB 2017 Expands Regulations on Nuclear Microreactors and Small Modular Reactors Bill Passed - Senate (46 - 4)
6/03 S J Res 188 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants: Coal- and Oil-Fired Electric Utility Steam Generating Units: Final Repeal" Motion Rejected - Senate (46 - 53)
5/28 S 8512 A Authorizes the Use of Portable Solar Generation Devices Without Utility Approval or Fees Bill Passed - Senate (59 - 1)
5/28 AB 2461 Requires Oil and Gas Companies to Clean Up Old Wells Bill Passed - House (53 - 21)
5/20 HB 5879 Requires Utility Companies to Reduce Rates Based on Tax Reductions Bill Passed - House (57 - 44)
5/20 HB 5879 Requires Utility Companies to Reduce Rates Based on Tax Reductions Bill Passed - House (57 - 44)
5/13 HR 1346 Nationwide Consumer and Fuel Retailer Choice Act of 2025 Bill Passed - House (218 - 203)
5/06 SB 1191 Repeals the Oklahoma Low Carbon Energy Initiative Board Bill Passed - House (86 - 0)
4/23 HR 5587 Harnessing Energy At Thermal Sources (HEATS) Act Bill Passed - House (231 - 186)
4/22 HR 4690 Reliable Federal Infrastructure Act Bill Passed - House (215 - 202)
4/21 S 1020 A bill to require the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission to extend the time period during which licensees are required to commence construction of certain hydropower projects Bill Passed - House (394 - 14)
4/20 SB 1439 Prohibits Certain Climate-Related Lawsuits Against Oil and Gas Companies Bill Passed - House (74 - 16)
4/16 H J Res 140 Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to Public Land Order No. 7917 for Withdrawal of Federal Lands; Cook, Lake, and Saint Louis Counties, MN Bill Passed - Senate (50 - 49)
3/31 S 8812 Establishes the Effective Date of Provisions Relating to Gas Service to New Customers Bill Passed - House (102 - 45)
3/26 HB 1775 Authorizes Electric Utilities to Invest in Natural Gas or Nuclear Energy Resources "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (198 - 153)
3/26 HB 1775 Authorizes Electric Utilities to Invest in Natural Gas or Nuclear Energy Resources "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - House (198 - 153)
3/25 S J Res 107 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Internal Revenue Service relating to "Beginning of Construction Requirements for Purposes of the Termination of Clean Electricity Production Credits and Clean Electricity Investment Credits for Applicable Wind and Solar Facilities" Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 53)
3/24 LD 1730 Authorizes the Use of Plug-In Solar Devices Bill Passed - House (79 - 65)
3/23 HB 2992 Establishes Protections for Electric Utility Customers Near Data Centers Bill Passed - House (92 - 2)
3/18 LD 1730 Authorizes the Use of Plug-In Solar Devices Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 3)
3/12 SB 6355 Establishes the Washington Electric Transmission Authority Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (32 - 17)
3/11 SB 6355 Establishes the Washington Electric Transmission Authority Bill Passed - House (66 - 27)
3/10 SB 135 Requires Data Centers to Pay Their Electric Bills and Regulate Water Usage Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 1)

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