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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Aug. 7, 2026 National HR 5334 Supporting Early-childhood Educators' Deductions (SEED) Act of 2025 Bill Passed - Senate (86 - 11)
July 29, 2026 National HR 5334 Supporting Early-childhood Educators' Deductions (SEED) Act of 2025 Motion Agreed - Senate (84 - 12)
July 28, 2026 National HR 5334 Supporting Early-childhood Educators' Deductions (SEED) Act of 2025 Cloture Invoked - Senate (86 - 12)
June 29, 2026 CA SB 180 Extends the California Competes Business Tax Credit Progarm Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
June 4, 2026 NH HB 1300 Establishes a Ballot Measure to Limit School District Local Taxes Conference Report Adopted - Senate (15 - 8)
May 20, 2026 NC HB 1089 Amends the State Constitution to Limit Property Tax Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 15)
May 20, 2026 CA AB 1768 Authorizes Los Angeles County and Contra Costa County to Exceed the 2% Cap on Local Transactions and Use Taxes Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 8)
May 13, 2026 WI AB 1 Increases Education Funding and Repeals Income Taxes for Qualified Tips and Overtime Bill Failed - Senate (15 - 18)
May 6, 2026 AR HB 1001 Reduces the State Income Tax Rates For Individuals, Trusts, Estates, and Corporations Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 6)
May 6, 2026 NC SB 889 Estabishes a Moratorium on Certain Property Tax Reappraisals Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 8)
May 3, 2026 IA SF 2472 Amends Regulations for Local Property Taxes Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (41 - 1)
May 2, 2026 IA SF 2490 Establishes a Severance Tax for Certain Owners of Land that Contains Geological Hydrogen Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (35 - 11)
April 8, 2026 IA SF 2472 Amends Regulations for Local Property Taxes Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 4)
April 2, 2026 GA HB 463 Establishes a Homestead Exemption for Senior Citizens who Volunteer with Local Governments Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 20)
March 25, 2026 National S J Res 107 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Internal Revenue Service relating to "Beginning of Construction Requirements for Purposes of the Termination of Clean Electricity Production Credits and Clean Electricity Investment Credits for Applicable Wind and Solar Facilities" Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 53)
March 17, 2026 KY HB 1 Establishes the State's Election to Participate in the Federal Education Scholarship Tax Credit Veto Override Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
March 11, 2026 WA SB 6346 Establishes a Personal Income Tax for Households Making Over $1 Million Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (27 - 21)
March 4, 2026 UT HB 575 Reduces the State Motor Fuel Tax Rate Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 1)
Feb. 24, 2026 SC H 4216 Amends State Income Tax Rates Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 5)
Feb. 23, 2026 OR SB 1599 Requires the Referendum Regarding Gas Tax Increases to Appear on the 2026 State Primary Ballot Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 13)
Feb. 19, 2026 VA HB 341 Requires that Towns Located Within Counties that Have Imposed a Tax on Disposable Plastic Bags Receive a Share of the Revenue Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 16)
Feb. 16, 2026 WA SB 6346 Establishes a Personal Income Tax for Households Making Over $1 Million Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 22)
Feb. 16, 2026 OR SB 1507 Amends Oregon Tax Requirements and Establishes a Tax Credit Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 3)
Feb. 12, 2026 National H J Res 142 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the D.C. Income and Franchise Tax Conformity and Revision Temporary Amendment Act of 2025 Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 47)
Feb. 12, 2026 GA HB 134 Expands the Sales Tax Exemption for Manufactured Homes Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 17)
Feb. 12, 2026 GA SB 477 Decreases the Flat Individual Income Tax Rate Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 14)
Feb. 12, 2026 GA HB 463 Establishes a Homestead Exemption for Senior Citizens who Volunteer with Local Governments Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 14)
Feb. 12, 2026 GA SB 476 Increases the Amount of Authorized Deductions From Taxable Net Income Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 18)
Feb. 11, 2026 National H J Res 142 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the D.C. Income and Franchise Tax Conformity and Revision Temporary Amendment Act of 2025 Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 46)
Feb. 10, 2026 National S J Res 95 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Internal Revenue Service relating to "Interim Guidance Simplifying Application of the Corporate Alternative Minimum Tax to Partnerships" Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 51)
Jan. 29, 2026 DE SB 228 Authorizes Quality Control Reviews of Commercial Property Assessments Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (15 - 0)
Jan. 26, 2026 SD SB 85 Requires Electorate Approval for a School District to Exceed Property Tax Limits Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 14)
Jan. 15, 2026 AZ SB 1106 Amends State Tax Rates to Align With the Federal Rates Established in the "One Big Beautiful Bill Act" Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 12)
Jan. 15, 2026 IN SB 212 Amends the Indiana Internal Revenue Code Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 0)
Nov. 19, 2025 OH HB 186 Establishes a Cap on Property Tax Revenue Growth for Homeowners Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 3)
Nov. 19, 2025 OH HB 129 Establishes Emergency Substitutes and Levies in the Calculation of a Public School District's Millage Floor Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 10)
Nov. 19, 2025 OH HB 335 Establishes Caps on Increases to the First 10 Mills of Property Tax Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 10)
Nov. 18, 2025 PA SB 1058 Amends Alternative Fuel Standards to Align with Federal Standards Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
Oct. 21, 2025 MI SB 277 Appropriates Annually a Portion of the Revenue from the State Sales Tax to the Game and Fish Protection Account Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 14)
Oct. 3, 2025 MI HB 4183 Increases the Motor Fuel Tax Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 12)
Oct. 3, 2025 MI HB 4180 Exempts Gas and Airline Fuel from Sales Tax Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 6)
Oct. 3, 2025 MI HB 4181 Repeals the Sales Tax on Gas and Airline Fuel Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
Oct. 3, 2025 MI HB 4182 Exempts the Storage, Use, or Consumption of Motor Fuel, Alternative Fuel, and Leaded Racing Fuel from Use Tax Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
Oct. 3, 2025 MI HB 4951 Establishes the Imposition, Collection, and Enforcement of Excise Taxes on Certain Sales of Cannabis Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 17)
Sept. 11, 2025 CA AB 245 Extends the Time that Individuals Have to Rebuild Their Home or Business Following Disaster Before Experiencing a Property Tax Increase Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
Sept. 10, 2025 CA AB 564 Reduces the State Cannabis Excise Tax Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 1)
Aug. 26, 2025 TX HB 23 Establishes Property Tax Exemptions for Nonprofit Organizations Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 1)
Aug. 12, 2025 PA HB 257 Establishes Regulations for Public Transportation Authorities and Appropriates or Transfers Funds From the Interactive Gaming Tax Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 22)
Aug. 6, 2025 TX SB 9 (Special Session) Reduces State Property Taxes Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 3)
July 30, 2025 TX SB 12 (Special Session) Prohibit Taxpayer-Funded Lobbying Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 11)
Date No. Title Outcome
8/07 HR 5334 Supporting Early-childhood Educators' Deductions (SEED) Act of 2025 Bill Passed - Senate (86 - 11)
7/29 HR 5334 Supporting Early-childhood Educators' Deductions (SEED) Act of 2025 Motion Agreed - Senate (84 - 12)
7/28 HR 5334 Supporting Early-childhood Educators' Deductions (SEED) Act of 2025 Cloture Invoked - Senate (86 - 12)
6/29 SB 180 Extends the California Competes Business Tax Credit Progarm Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (38 - 0)
6/04 HB 1300 Establishes a Ballot Measure to Limit School District Local Taxes Conference Report Adopted - Senate (15 - 8)
5/20 HB 1089 Amends the State Constitution to Limit Property Tax Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 15)
5/20 AB 1768 Authorizes Los Angeles County and Contra Costa County to Exceed the 2% Cap on Local Transactions and Use Taxes Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 8)
5/13 AB 1 Increases Education Funding and Repeals Income Taxes for Qualified Tips and Overtime Bill Failed - Senate (15 - 18)
5/06 HB 1001 Reduces the State Income Tax Rates For Individuals, Trusts, Estates, and Corporations Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 6)
5/06 SB 889 Estabishes a Moratorium on Certain Property Tax Reappraisals Bill Passed - Senate (35 - 8)
5/03 SF 2472 Amends Regulations for Local Property Taxes Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (41 - 1)
5/02 SF 2490 Establishes a Severance Tax for Certain Owners of Land that Contains Geological Hydrogen Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (35 - 11)
4/08 SF 2472 Amends Regulations for Local Property Taxes Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 4)
4/02 HB 463 Establishes a Homestead Exemption for Senior Citizens who Volunteer with Local Governments Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (33 - 20)
3/25 S J Res 107 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Internal Revenue Service relating to "Beginning of Construction Requirements for Purposes of the Termination of Clean Electricity Production Credits and Clean Electricity Investment Credits for Applicable Wind and Solar Facilities" Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 53)
3/17 HB 1 Establishes the State's Election to Participate in the Federal Education Scholarship Tax Credit Veto Override Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
3/11 SB 6346 Establishes a Personal Income Tax for Households Making Over $1 Million Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (27 - 21)
3/04 HB 575 Reduces the State Motor Fuel Tax Rate Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 1)
2/24 H 4216 Amends State Income Tax Rates Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 5)
2/23 SB 1599 Requires the Referendum Regarding Gas Tax Increases to Appear on the 2026 State Primary Ballot Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 13)
2/19 HB 341 Requires that Towns Located Within Counties that Have Imposed a Tax on Disposable Plastic Bags Receive a Share of the Revenue Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 16)
2/16 SB 6346 Establishes a Personal Income Tax for Households Making Over $1 Million Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 22)
2/16 SB 1507 Amends Oregon Tax Requirements and Establishes a Tax Credit Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 3)
2/12 H J Res 142 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the D.C. Income and Franchise Tax Conformity and Revision Temporary Amendment Act of 2025 Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 47)
2/12 HB 134 Expands the Sales Tax Exemption for Manufactured Homes Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 17)
2/12 SB 477 Decreases the Flat Individual Income Tax Rate Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 14)
2/12 HB 463 Establishes a Homestead Exemption for Senior Citizens who Volunteer with Local Governments Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 14)
2/12 SB 476 Increases the Amount of Authorized Deductions From Taxable Net Income Bill Passed - Senate (32 - 18)
2/11 H J Res 142 Disapproving the action of the District of Columbia Council in approving the D.C. Income and Franchise Tax Conformity and Revision Temporary Amendment Act of 2025 Motion Agreed - Senate (51 - 46)
2/10 S J Res 95 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Internal Revenue Service relating to "Interim Guidance Simplifying Application of the Corporate Alternative Minimum Tax to Partnerships" Motion Rejected - Senate (47 - 51)
1/29 SB 228 Authorizes Quality Control Reviews of Commercial Property Assessments Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (15 - 0)
1/26 SB 85 Requires Electorate Approval for a School District to Exceed Property Tax Limits Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 14)
1/15 SB 1106 Amends State Tax Rates to Align With the Federal Rates Established in the "One Big Beautiful Bill Act" Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 12)
1/15 SB 212 Amends the Indiana Internal Revenue Code Bill Passed - Senate (48 - 0)
11/19 HB 186 Establishes a Cap on Property Tax Revenue Growth for Homeowners Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 3)
11/19 HB 129 Establishes Emergency Substitutes and Levies in the Calculation of a Public School District's Millage Floor Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 10)
11/19 HB 335 Establishes Caps on Increases to the First 10 Mills of Property Tax Bill Passed - Senate (23 - 10)
11/18 SB 1058 Amends Alternative Fuel Standards to Align with Federal Standards Bill Passed - Senate (49 - 0)
10/21 SB 277 Appropriates Annually a Portion of the Revenue from the State Sales Tax to the Game and Fish Protection Account Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 14)
10/03 HB 4183 Increases the Motor Fuel Tax Bill Passed - Senate (24 - 12)
10/03 HB 4180 Exempts Gas and Airline Fuel from Sales Tax Bill Passed - Senate (30 - 6)
10/03 HB 4181 Repeals the Sales Tax on Gas and Airline Fuel Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
10/03 HB 4182 Exempts the Storage, Use, or Consumption of Motor Fuel, Alternative Fuel, and Leaded Racing Fuel from Use Tax Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 5)
10/03 HB 4951 Establishes the Imposition, Collection, and Enforcement of Excise Taxes on Certain Sales of Cannabis Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 17)
9/11 AB 245 Extends the Time that Individuals Have to Rebuild Their Home or Business Following Disaster Before Experiencing a Property Tax Increase Bill Passed - Senate (40 - 0)
9/10 AB 564 Reduces the State Cannabis Excise Tax Bill Passed - Senate (39 - 1)
8/26 HB 23 Establishes Property Tax Exemptions for Nonprofit Organizations Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 1)
8/12 HB 257 Establishes Regulations for Public Transportation Authorities and Appropriates or Transfers Funds From the Interactive Gaming Tax Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 22)
8/06 SB 9 (Special Session) Reduces State Property Taxes Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 3)
7/30 SB 12 (Special Session) Prohibit Taxpayer-Funded Lobbying Bill Passed - Senate (17 - 11)
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