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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
May 17, 2007 National S Con Res 21 2008 Budget Resolution Conference Report Adopted - House (214 - 209)
March 23, 2007 National S Con Res 21 2008 Budget Resolution Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 47)
Aug. 3, 2006 National HR 5970 Death/Estate Tax and Minimum Wage Bill Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (56 - 42)
July 29, 2006 National HR 5970 Death/Estate Tax and Minimum Wage Bill Bill Passed - House (230 - 180)
June 22, 2006 National HR 5638 Death/Estate Tax Amendment Bill Passed - House (269 - 156)
May 11, 2006 National HR 4297 Tax Relief Extension Reconciliation Act of 2005 Conference Report Adopted - Senate (54 - 44)
May 10, 2006 National HR 4297 Tax Relief Extension Reconciliation Act of 2005 Conference Report Adopted - House (244 - 185)
March 16, 2006 National S Amdt 3103 Natural Resources and Environment Funding Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (48 - 49)
March 16, 2006 National S Amdt 3074 LIHEAP Funding Amendment Amendment Adopted - Senate (51 - 49)
Feb. 2, 2006 National S Amdt 2735 Tax Rate Extension Amendment Motion Rejected - Senate (44 - 53)
Feb. 2, 2006 National S Amdt 2737 Military Funding and Tax Cuts Amendment Motion Rejected - Senate (44 - 53)
Feb. 2, 2006 National HR 4297 Tax Relief Extension Reconciliation Act of 2005 Bill Passed - Senate (66 - 31)
Dec. 8, 2005 National HR 4297 Tax Relief Extension Reconciliation Act of 2005 Bill Passed - House (234 - 197)
Nov. 18, 2005 National S 2020 Tax Reconciliation Bill Bill Passed - Senate (64 - 33)
Nov. 17, 2005 National S Amdt 2616 Earned Income Tax Credit Amendment Motion Rejected - Senate (55 - 43)
Nov. 17, 2005 National S Amdt 2626 Temporary Tax on Crude Oil Amendment Motion Rejected - Senate (50 - 48)
Nov. 17, 2005 National S Amdt 2610 Tax Rate Amendment Motion Rejected - Senate (40 - 59)
April 13, 2005 National HR 8 Death/Estate Tax Repeal Permanency Act of 2005 Bill Passed - House (272 - 162)
March 17, 2005 National S Amdt 210 Tax Subsidy for Domestic Companies Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (40 - 59)
Oct. 11, 2004 National HR 4520 JOBS (Jumpstart Our Business Strength) Conference Report Adopted - Senate (69 - 17)
Oct. 7, 2004 National HR 4520 JOBS (Jumpstart Our Business Strength) Conference Report Adopted - House (280 - 141)
Sept. 23, 2004 National HR 1308 Child Tax Credit Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (339 - 65)
Sept. 23, 2004 National HR 1308 Child Tax Credit Bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (92 - 3)
May 20, 2004 National HR 4359 Child Credit Preservation and Expansion Act of 2004 Bill Passed - House (271 - 139)
May 11, 2004 National S 1637 Jumpstart Our Business Strength (JOBS) Act Bill Passed - Senate (92 - 5)
May 5, 2004 National HR 4227 Middle-Class Alternative Minimum Tax Relief Act of 2004 Bill Passed - House (333 - 89)
April 29, 2004 National S 150 Internet Access Tax Bill Bill Passed - Senate (93 - 3)
April 28, 2004 National HR 4181 Marriage Penalty Tax Bill Bill Passed - House (323 - 95)
Jan. 28, 2004 National S 1920 Farmer Bankruptcy Bill Bill Passed - House (265 - 99)
Sept. 17, 2003 National HR 7 Charitable Contributions bill Bill Passed - House (408 - 13)
June 19, 2003 National HR 1528 Taxpayer Protection and IRS Accountability Act of 2003 Bill Passed - House (252 - 170)
May 23, 2003 National HR 2 Jobs and Economic Growth bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (51 - 50)
May 23, 2003 National HR 2 Jobs and Economic Growth bill Conference Report Adopted - House (231 - 200)
July 19, 2001 National HR 7 Community Solutions Act of 2001 Bill Passed - House (233 - 198)
May 26, 2001 National HR 1836 Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act, 2001 Conference Report Adopted - Senate (58 - 33)
May 26, 2001 National HR 1836 Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act, 2001 Conference Report Adopted - House (240 - 154)
May 23, 2001 National HR 1836 Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act, 2001 Bill Passed - Senate (62 - 38)
May 16, 2001 National HR 1836 Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act, 2001 Bill Passed - House (230 - 197)
Sept. 13, 2000 National HR 4810 Marriage Tax Relief Bill Veto Override Failed - House (270 - 158)
Sept. 7, 2000 National HR 8 Estate Tax Elimination Act of 2000 Veto Override Failed - House (274 - 157)
July 21, 2000 National HR 4810 Marriage Tax Relief Bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (60 - 34)
July 20, 2000 National HR 4810 Marriage Tax Relief Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (271 - 156)
July 14, 2000 National HR 8 Estate Tax Elimination Act of 2000 Bill Passed - Senate (59 - 39)
July 13, 2000 National S Amdt 3821 Estate Tax Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (46 - 53)
June 9, 2000 National H Amdt 763 Estate Tax Substitute Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (196 - 222)
June 9, 2000 National HR 8 Estate Tax Elimination Act of 2000 Bill Passed - House (279 - 136)
May 10, 2000 National HR 3709 Regarding Internet Taxation Bill Passed - House (352 - 75)
March 9, 2000 National HR 3081 Small Business Tax Fairness Act of 2000 Bill Passed - House (257 - 169)
Feb. 10, 2000 National HR 6 Changes in Income Tax Deductions for Married Couples Bill Passed - House (268 - 158)
Feb. 2, 2000 National HR 833 Bankruptcy Reform bill Bill Passed - Senate (83 - 14)
July 30, 1999 National S 1429 Taxpayer Refund Act of 1999 Bill Passed - Senate (57 - 43)
July 22, 1999 National HR 2488 Financial Freedom Act of 1999 Bill Passed - House (223 - 208)
May 5, 1999 National HR 833 Bankruptcy Reform bill Bill Passed - House (313 - 108)
Oct. 9, 1998 National HR 3150 Bankruptcy Reform bill Conference Report Adopted - House (300 - 125)
Oct. 8, 1998 National S 442 Internet Tax Freedom bill Bill Passed - Senate (96 - 2)
Sept. 26, 1998 National HR 4579 Tax Cut bill Bill Passed - House (229 - 195)
July 29, 1998 National S Amdt 3359 Married Tax Filing Amendment Amendment Not Tabled - Senate (48 - 51)
June 17, 1998 National HR 3097 Tax Code Termination bill Bill Passed - House (219 - 209)
April 22, 1998 National H J Res 111 Tax Limitation Amendment Joint Resolution Failed - House (238 - 186)
June 26, 1997 National S Amdt 527 Family Tax Relief Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (38 - 61)
June 26, 1997 National HR 2014 Budget Reconciliation Bill Bill Passed - House (253 - 179)
Aug. 2, 1996 National HR 3448 Minimum Wage Increase bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (76 - 22)
Aug. 2, 1996 National HR 3448 Minimum Wage Increase bill Conference Report Adopted - House (354 - 72)
July 9, 1996 National HR 3448 Minimum Wage Increase bill Bill Passed - Senate (74 - 24)
May 22, 1996 National HR 3448 Minimum Wage Increase bill Bill Passed - House (414 - 10)
May 21, 1996 National HR 3415 Repeal Gas Tax bill Bill Passed - House (301 - 108)
April 5, 1995 National HR 1215 Contract With America Tax Relief Act of 1995 Bill Passed - House (246 - 188)
Aug. 6, 1993 National HR 2264 Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993 Conference Report Adopted - Senate (51 - 50)
Aug. 5, 1993 National HR 2264 Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993 Conference Report Adopted - House (218 - 216)
June 25, 1993 National HR 2264 Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993 Bill Passed - Senate (50 - 49)
May 27, 1993 National HR 2264 Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993 Bill Passed - House (219 - 213)
Date No. Title Outcome
5/17 S Con Res 21 2008 Budget Resolution Conference Report Adopted - House (214 - 209)
3/23 S Con Res 21 2008 Budget Resolution Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (52 - 47)
8/03 HR 5970 Death/Estate Tax and Minimum Wage Bill Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (56 - 42)
7/29 HR 5970 Death/Estate Tax and Minimum Wage Bill Bill Passed - House (230 - 180)
6/22 HR 5638 Death/Estate Tax Amendment Bill Passed - House (269 - 156)
5/11 HR 4297 Tax Relief Extension Reconciliation Act of 2005 Conference Report Adopted - Senate (54 - 44)
5/10 HR 4297 Tax Relief Extension Reconciliation Act of 2005 Conference Report Adopted - House (244 - 185)
3/16 S Amdt 3103 Natural Resources and Environment Funding Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (48 - 49)
3/16 S Amdt 3074 LIHEAP Funding Amendment Amendment Adopted - Senate (51 - 49)
2/02 S Amdt 2735 Tax Rate Extension Amendment Motion Rejected - Senate (44 - 53)
2/02 S Amdt 2737 Military Funding and Tax Cuts Amendment Motion Rejected - Senate (44 - 53)
2/02 HR 4297 Tax Relief Extension Reconciliation Act of 2005 Bill Passed - Senate (66 - 31)
12/08 HR 4297 Tax Relief Extension Reconciliation Act of 2005 Bill Passed - House (234 - 197)
11/18 S 2020 Tax Reconciliation Bill Bill Passed - Senate (64 - 33)
11/17 S Amdt 2616 Earned Income Tax Credit Amendment Motion Rejected - Senate (55 - 43)
11/17 S Amdt 2626 Temporary Tax on Crude Oil Amendment Motion Rejected - Senate (50 - 48)
11/17 S Amdt 2610 Tax Rate Amendment Motion Rejected - Senate (40 - 59)
4/13 HR 8 Death/Estate Tax Repeal Permanency Act of 2005 Bill Passed - House (272 - 162)
3/17 S Amdt 210 Tax Subsidy for Domestic Companies Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (40 - 59)
10/11 HR 4520 JOBS (Jumpstart Our Business Strength) Conference Report Adopted - Senate (69 - 17)
10/07 HR 4520 JOBS (Jumpstart Our Business Strength) Conference Report Adopted - House (280 - 141)
9/23 HR 1308 Child Tax Credit Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (339 - 65)
9/23 HR 1308 Child Tax Credit Bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (92 - 3)
5/20 HR 4359 Child Credit Preservation and Expansion Act of 2004 Bill Passed - House (271 - 139)
5/11 S 1637 Jumpstart Our Business Strength (JOBS) Act Bill Passed - Senate (92 - 5)
5/05 HR 4227 Middle-Class Alternative Minimum Tax Relief Act of 2004 Bill Passed - House (333 - 89)
4/29 S 150 Internet Access Tax Bill Bill Passed - Senate (93 - 3)
4/28 HR 4181 Marriage Penalty Tax Bill Bill Passed - House (323 - 95)
1/28 S 1920 Farmer Bankruptcy Bill Bill Passed - House (265 - 99)
9/17 HR 7 Charitable Contributions bill Bill Passed - House (408 - 13)
6/19 HR 1528 Taxpayer Protection and IRS Accountability Act of 2003 Bill Passed - House (252 - 170)
5/23 HR 2 Jobs and Economic Growth bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (51 - 50)
5/23 HR 2 Jobs and Economic Growth bill Conference Report Adopted - House (231 - 200)
7/19 HR 7 Community Solutions Act of 2001 Bill Passed - House (233 - 198)
5/26 HR 1836 Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act, 2001 Conference Report Adopted - Senate (58 - 33)
5/26 HR 1836 Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act, 2001 Conference Report Adopted - House (240 - 154)
5/23 HR 1836 Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act, 2001 Bill Passed - Senate (62 - 38)
5/16 HR 1836 Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act, 2001 Bill Passed - House (230 - 197)
9/13 HR 4810 Marriage Tax Relief Bill Veto Override Failed - House (270 - 158)
9/07 HR 8 Estate Tax Elimination Act of 2000 Veto Override Failed - House (274 - 157)
7/21 HR 4810 Marriage Tax Relief Bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (60 - 34)
7/20 HR 4810 Marriage Tax Relief Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (271 - 156)
7/14 HR 8 Estate Tax Elimination Act of 2000 Bill Passed - Senate (59 - 39)
7/13 S Amdt 3821 Estate Tax Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (46 - 53)
6/09 H Amdt 763 Estate Tax Substitute Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (196 - 222)
6/09 HR 8 Estate Tax Elimination Act of 2000 Bill Passed - House (279 - 136)
5/10 HR 3709 Regarding Internet Taxation Bill Passed - House (352 - 75)
3/09 HR 3081 Small Business Tax Fairness Act of 2000 Bill Passed - House (257 - 169)
2/10 HR 6 Changes in Income Tax Deductions for Married Couples Bill Passed - House (268 - 158)
2/02 HR 833 Bankruptcy Reform bill Bill Passed - Senate (83 - 14)
7/30 S 1429 Taxpayer Refund Act of 1999 Bill Passed - Senate (57 - 43)
7/22 HR 2488 Financial Freedom Act of 1999 Bill Passed - House (223 - 208)
5/05 HR 833 Bankruptcy Reform bill Bill Passed - House (313 - 108)
10/09 HR 3150 Bankruptcy Reform bill Conference Report Adopted - House (300 - 125)
10/08 S 442 Internet Tax Freedom bill Bill Passed - Senate (96 - 2)
9/26 HR 4579 Tax Cut bill Bill Passed - House (229 - 195)
7/29 S Amdt 3359 Married Tax Filing Amendment Amendment Not Tabled - Senate (48 - 51)
6/17 HR 3097 Tax Code Termination bill Bill Passed - House (219 - 209)
4/22 H J Res 111 Tax Limitation Amendment Joint Resolution Failed - House (238 - 186)
6/26 S Amdt 527 Family Tax Relief Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (38 - 61)
6/26 HR 2014 Budget Reconciliation Bill Bill Passed - House (253 - 179)
8/02 HR 3448 Minimum Wage Increase bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (76 - 22)
8/02 HR 3448 Minimum Wage Increase bill Conference Report Adopted - House (354 - 72)
7/09 HR 3448 Minimum Wage Increase bill Bill Passed - Senate (74 - 24)
5/22 HR 3448 Minimum Wage Increase bill Bill Passed - House (414 - 10)
5/21 HR 3415 Repeal Gas Tax bill Bill Passed - House (301 - 108)
4/05 HR 1215 Contract With America Tax Relief Act of 1995 Bill Passed - House (246 - 188)
8/06 HR 2264 Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993 Conference Report Adopted - Senate (51 - 50)
8/05 HR 2264 Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993 Conference Report Adopted - House (218 - 216)
6/25 HR 2264 Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993 Bill Passed - Senate (50 - 49)
5/27 HR 2264 Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993 Bill Passed - House (219 - 213)
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