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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Jan. 26, 1996 National S 1124 Authorization bill FY96, Defense Department Conference Report Adopted - Senate (56 - 34)
Jan. 24, 1996 National S 1124 Authorization bill FY96, Defense Department Conference Report Adopted - House (287 - 129)
Jan. 4, 1996 National HR 1977 1996 Interior Appropriations Veto Override Failed - House (239 - 177)
Jan. 3, 1996 National HR 1530 Authorization bill FY96, Defense Department Veto Override Passed - House (240 - 156)
Dec. 22, 1995 National HR 4 Welfare Reform Bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (52 - 47)
Dec. 22, 1995 National HR 4 Welfare Reform Bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (52 - 47)
Dec. 21, 1995 National HR 4 Welfare Reform Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (245 - 178)
Dec. 21, 1995 National HR 4 Welfare Reform Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (245 - 178)
Dec. 19, 1995 National HR 1530 Authorization bill FY96, Defense Department Conference Report Adopted - Senate (51 - 43)
Dec. 15, 1995 National HR 1530 Authorization bill FY96, Defense Department Conference Report Adopted - House (267 - 149)
Dec. 14, 1995 National HR 1977 Interior Department FY96 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (58 - 40)
Dec. 13, 1995 National HR 1977 Interior Department FY96 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (244 - 181)
Dec. 13, 1995 National S J Res 44 Deployment of US Armed Forces in Bosnia-Herzegovina Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (69 - 30)
Dec. 6, 1995 National HR 660 Housing for Older Persons Act of 1995 Bill Passed - Senate (94 - 3)
Nov. 29, 1995 National HR 2564 Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 Bill Passed - House (421 - 0)
Nov. 28, 1995 National H Amdt 903 Prohibit Federal Funds for Lobbying Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (190 - 238)
Nov. 15, 1995 National HR 2020 Appropriations bill FY96, Treasury, Postal Service Conference Report Adopted - House (374 - 52)
Nov. 15, 1995 National HR 2020 Appropriations bill FY96, Treasury, Postal Service Conference Report Adopted - Senate (63 - 35)
Nov. 1, 1995 National H Amdt 890 Domestic Partners Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (249 - 172)
Oct. 31, 1995 National HR 2492 Appropriations Bill FY96, Legislative Branch Bill Passed - House (315 - 106)
Oct. 19, 1995 National HR 2425 Medicare Preservation Act of 1995 Bill Passed - House (231 - 201)
Sept. 27, 1995 National HR 743 Teamwork for Employees and Managers Act of 1995 Bill Passed - House (221 - 202)
Sept. 19, 1995 National HR 4 Welfare Reform Bill Bill Passed - Senate (87 - 12)
Sept. 19, 1995 National HR 4 Welfare Reform Bill Bill Passed - Senate (87 - 12)
Sept. 14, 1995 National S Amdt 2478 Naturalized Citizen Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (37 - 61)
Sept. 14, 1995 National S Amdt 2478 Naturalized Citizen Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (37 - 61)
Sept. 7, 1995 National H Amdt 752 Overseas Military Abortions Amendment Adopted - House (226 - 191)
Sept. 6, 1995 National HR 1530 Authorization bill FY96, Defense Department Bill Passed - Senate (64 - 34)
July 19, 1995 National HR 2020 Appropriations bill FY96, Treasury, Postal Service Bill Passed - House (216 - 211)
July 18, 1995 National HR 1977 Interior Department FY96 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (244 - 181)
June 22, 1995 National PN 245 Henry W. Foster Jr., Medical Director in the Regular Corps of the Public Health Service Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (57 - 43)
June 15, 1995 National HR 1530 Authorization bill FY96, Defense Department Bill Passed - House (300 - 126)
June 7, 1995 National S 735 Comprehensive Terrorism Prevention Act Bill Passed - Senate (91 - 8)
May 24, 1995 National H Amdt 403 Foreign Abortion Ban Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (240 - 181)
May 10, 1995 National HR 956 Product Liability bill Bill Passed - Senate (61 - 37)
March 29, 1995 National H J Res 73 Term Limits bill Joint Resolution Failed - House (227 - 204)
March 24, 1995 National HR 4 Welfare Reform Bill Bill Passed - House (234 - 199)
March 24, 1995 National HR 4 Welfare Reform Bill Bill Passed - House (234 - 199)
March 23, 1995 National S 4 Line-Item Veto bill Bill Passed - Senate (69 - 29)
Feb. 6, 1995 National HR 2 Line Item Veto Act Bill Passed - House (294 - 134)
Jan. 5, 1995 National S Amdt 1 Filibuster Amendment Amendment Tabled - Senate (76 - 19)
Sept. 29, 1994 National HR 4650 Defense FY95 Appropriations Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (327 - 86)
Sept. 28, 1994 National HR 4602 Interior Department FY95 Appropriations Bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (92 - 7)
Sept. 27, 1994 National HR 4624 Fiscal Year 1995 Appropriations for the Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development Conference Report Adopted - Senate (90 - 9)
Sept. 13, 1994 National S 2182 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1995 Conference Report Adopted - Senate (80 - 18)
Sept. 12, 1994 National HR 4624 Fiscal Year 1995 Appropriations for the Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development Conference Report Adopted - House (313 - 61)
Aug. 17, 1994 National S 2182 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1995 Conference Report Adopted - House (280 - 137)
Aug. 11, 1994 National HR 4650 Defense FY95 Appropriations Bill Bill Passed - Senate (86 - 14)
Aug. 4, 1994 National HR 4624 Fiscal Year 1995 Appropriations for the Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development Bill Passed - Senate (86 - 9)
July 29, 1994 National PN 1399 Stephen G. Breyer, Associate Justice Nomination Confirmed - Senate (87 - 9)
July 22, 1994 National H Amdt 778 Prohibiting Benefits to Undocumented Immigrants Amendment Adopted - House (220 - 176)
July 22, 1994 National H Amdt 778 Prohibiting Benefits to Undocumented Immigrants Amendment Adopted - House (220 - 176)
July 21, 1994 National H Amdt 771 Limiting Entitlement Program Expenditures Amendment Rejected - House (194 - 233)
July 20, 1994 National S Amdt 2320 Department of Agriculture Homosexual Policy Amendment Amendment Adopted - Senate (59 - 41)
July 12, 1994 National S 55 Striker Replacement Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (53 - 47)
July 1, 1994 National HR 4454 Legislative Branch FY95 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (73 - 27)
June 29, 1994 National S Amdt 2117 Military Operations in Haiti Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (34 - 65)
June 29, 1994 National HR 4650 Defense FY95 Appropriations Bill Bill Passed - House (330 - 91)
June 29, 1994 National HR 4624 Fiscal Year 1995 Appropriations for the Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development Bill Passed - House (344 - 84)
June 9, 1994 National H Amdt 611 Lifting Arms Embargo on Bosnia Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (244 - 178)
May 26, 1994 National HR 4454 Legislative Branch FY95 Appropriations Bill Bill Passed - House (210 - 205)
May 23, 1994 National H Amdt 570 Ending Requirement for Selective Service Registration Amendment Rejected - House (125 - 273)
April 19, 1994 National PN 1210 Adm. Frank B. Kelso II, Retiring Nomination Confirmed - Senate (54 - 43)
March 24, 1994 National H Amdt 491 Homosexuality Education Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (224 - 194)
Feb. 10, 1994 National H Amdt 436 Bryant Amendment to Independent Counsel Reauthorization Act of 1993 Amendment Adopted - House (230 - 188)
Feb. 8, 1994 National S Amdt 1390 Contraceptives Distribution Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (34 - 59)
Nov. 22, 1993 National H Amdt 416 Penny Amendment to the Government Reform and Savings Act of 1993 Amendment Rejected - House (213 - 219)
Nov. 10, 1993 National HR 3116 Defense Fiscal Year 1994 Appropriations Bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (88 - 9)
Nov. 9, 1993 National HR 2520 Interior Department Fiscal Year 1994 Appropriations Bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (91 - 9)
Oct. 21, 1993 National S Amdt 1072 Restriction of Funding for Haiti Operations Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (19 - 81)
Oct. 19, 1993 National HR 2491 Veterans Administration and Housing and Urban Development Appropriations Bill Fiscal Year 1994 Conference Report Adopted - House (341 - 89)
Oct. 18, 1993 National HR 2518 Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (80 - 15)
Oct. 18, 1993 National HR 2518 Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (80 - 15)
Oct. 15, 1993 National S Amdt 1043 Ending Military Operations in Somalia Amendment Tabled - Senate (61 - 38)
Oct. 7, 1993 National HR 2518 Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (311 - 115)
Date No. Title Outcome
1/26 S 1124 Authorization bill FY96, Defense Department Conference Report Adopted - Senate (56 - 34)
1/24 S 1124 Authorization bill FY96, Defense Department Conference Report Adopted - House (287 - 129)
1/04 HR 1977 1996 Interior Appropriations Veto Override Failed - House (239 - 177)
1/03 HR 1530 Authorization bill FY96, Defense Department Veto Override Passed - House (240 - 156)
12/22 HR 4 Welfare Reform Bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (52 - 47)
12/22 HR 4 Welfare Reform Bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (52 - 47)
12/21 HR 4 Welfare Reform Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (245 - 178)
12/21 HR 4 Welfare Reform Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (245 - 178)
12/19 HR 1530 Authorization bill FY96, Defense Department Conference Report Adopted - Senate (51 - 43)
12/15 HR 1530 Authorization bill FY96, Defense Department Conference Report Adopted - House (267 - 149)
12/14 HR 1977 Interior Department FY96 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (58 - 40)
12/13 HR 1977 Interior Department FY96 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (244 - 181)
12/13 S J Res 44 Deployment of US Armed Forces in Bosnia-Herzegovina Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (69 - 30)
12/06 HR 660 Housing for Older Persons Act of 1995 Bill Passed - Senate (94 - 3)
11/29 HR 2564 Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 Bill Passed - House (421 - 0)
11/28 H Amdt 903 Prohibit Federal Funds for Lobbying Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (190 - 238)
11/15 HR 2020 Appropriations bill FY96, Treasury, Postal Service Conference Report Adopted - House (374 - 52)
11/15 HR 2020 Appropriations bill FY96, Treasury, Postal Service Conference Report Adopted - Senate (63 - 35)
11/01 H Amdt 890 Domestic Partners Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (249 - 172)
10/31 HR 2492 Appropriations Bill FY96, Legislative Branch Bill Passed - House (315 - 106)
10/19 HR 2425 Medicare Preservation Act of 1995 Bill Passed - House (231 - 201)
9/27 HR 743 Teamwork for Employees and Managers Act of 1995 Bill Passed - House (221 - 202)
9/19 HR 4 Welfare Reform Bill Bill Passed - Senate (87 - 12)
9/19 HR 4 Welfare Reform Bill Bill Passed - Senate (87 - 12)
9/14 S Amdt 2478 Naturalized Citizen Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (37 - 61)
9/14 S Amdt 2478 Naturalized Citizen Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (37 - 61)
9/07 H Amdt 752 Overseas Military Abortions Amendment Adopted - House (226 - 191)
9/06 HR 1530 Authorization bill FY96, Defense Department Bill Passed - Senate (64 - 34)
7/19 HR 2020 Appropriations bill FY96, Treasury, Postal Service Bill Passed - House (216 - 211)
7/18 HR 1977 Interior Department FY96 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (244 - 181)
6/22 PN 245 Henry W. Foster Jr., Medical Director in the Regular Corps of the Public Health Service Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (57 - 43)
6/15 HR 1530 Authorization bill FY96, Defense Department Bill Passed - House (300 - 126)
6/07 S 735 Comprehensive Terrorism Prevention Act Bill Passed - Senate (91 - 8)
5/24 H Amdt 403 Foreign Abortion Ban Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (240 - 181)
5/10 HR 956 Product Liability bill Bill Passed - Senate (61 - 37)
3/29 H J Res 73 Term Limits bill Joint Resolution Failed - House (227 - 204)
3/24 HR 4 Welfare Reform Bill Bill Passed - House (234 - 199)
3/24 HR 4 Welfare Reform Bill Bill Passed - House (234 - 199)
3/23 S 4 Line-Item Veto bill Bill Passed - Senate (69 - 29)
2/06 HR 2 Line Item Veto Act Bill Passed - House (294 - 134)
1/05 S Amdt 1 Filibuster Amendment Amendment Tabled - Senate (76 - 19)
9/29 HR 4650 Defense FY95 Appropriations Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (327 - 86)
9/28 HR 4602 Interior Department FY95 Appropriations Bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (92 - 7)
9/27 HR 4624 Fiscal Year 1995 Appropriations for the Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development Conference Report Adopted - Senate (90 - 9)
9/13 S 2182 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1995 Conference Report Adopted - Senate (80 - 18)
9/12 HR 4624 Fiscal Year 1995 Appropriations for the Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development Conference Report Adopted - House (313 - 61)
8/17 S 2182 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1995 Conference Report Adopted - House (280 - 137)
8/11 HR 4650 Defense FY95 Appropriations Bill Bill Passed - Senate (86 - 14)
8/04 HR 4624 Fiscal Year 1995 Appropriations for the Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development Bill Passed - Senate (86 - 9)
7/29 PN 1399 Stephen G. Breyer, Associate Justice Nomination Confirmed - Senate (87 - 9)
7/22 H Amdt 778 Prohibiting Benefits to Undocumented Immigrants Amendment Adopted - House (220 - 176)
7/22 H Amdt 778 Prohibiting Benefits to Undocumented Immigrants Amendment Adopted - House (220 - 176)
7/21 H Amdt 771 Limiting Entitlement Program Expenditures Amendment Rejected - House (194 - 233)
7/20 S Amdt 2320 Department of Agriculture Homosexual Policy Amendment Amendment Adopted - Senate (59 - 41)
7/12 S 55 Striker Replacement Cloture Not Invoked - Senate (53 - 47)
7/01 HR 4454 Legislative Branch FY95 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (73 - 27)
6/29 S Amdt 2117 Military Operations in Haiti Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (34 - 65)
6/29 HR 4650 Defense FY95 Appropriations Bill Bill Passed - House (330 - 91)
6/29 HR 4624 Fiscal Year 1995 Appropriations for the Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development Bill Passed - House (344 - 84)
6/09 H Amdt 611 Lifting Arms Embargo on Bosnia Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (244 - 178)
5/26 HR 4454 Legislative Branch FY95 Appropriations Bill Bill Passed - House (210 - 205)
5/23 H Amdt 570 Ending Requirement for Selective Service Registration Amendment Rejected - House (125 - 273)
4/19 PN 1210 Adm. Frank B. Kelso II, Retiring Nomination Confirmed - Senate (54 - 43)
3/24 H Amdt 491 Homosexuality Education Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (224 - 194)
2/10 H Amdt 436 Bryant Amendment to Independent Counsel Reauthorization Act of 1993 Amendment Adopted - House (230 - 188)
2/08 S Amdt 1390 Contraceptives Distribution Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (34 - 59)
11/22 H Amdt 416 Penny Amendment to the Government Reform and Savings Act of 1993 Amendment Rejected - House (213 - 219)
11/10 HR 3116 Defense Fiscal Year 1994 Appropriations Bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (88 - 9)
11/09 HR 2520 Interior Department Fiscal Year 1994 Appropriations Bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (91 - 9)
10/21 S Amdt 1072 Restriction of Funding for Haiti Operations Amendment Amendment Rejected - Senate (19 - 81)
10/19 HR 2491 Veterans Administration and Housing and Urban Development Appropriations Bill Fiscal Year 1994 Conference Report Adopted - House (341 - 89)
10/18 HR 2518 Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (80 - 15)
10/18 HR 2518 Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Bill Conference Report Adopted - Senate (80 - 15)
10/15 S Amdt 1043 Ending Military Operations in Somalia Amendment Tabled - Senate (61 - 38)
10/07 HR 2518 Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (311 - 115)
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