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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Nov. 18, 2003 National HR 6 Energy Omnibus bill Conference Report Adopted - House (246 - 180)
Oct. 30, 2003 National HR 2691 Interior Department Appropriations, FY 2004 bill Conference Report Adopted - House (216 - 205)
Oct. 30, 2003 National HR 2691 Interior Department Appropriations, FY 2004 bill Conference Report Adopted - House (216 - 205)
Sept. 23, 2003 National HR 1409 Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians Land Exchange Act '02 Bill Passed - House (288 - 127)
July 17, 2003 National HR 2691 Interior Department Appropriations, FY 2004 bill Bill Passed - House (268 - 152)
July 17, 2003 National HR 2691 Interior Department Appropriations, FY 2004 bill Bill Passed - House (268 - 152)
July 14, 2003 National HR 2673 Agriculture, Rural Development, FDA Bill Passed - House (347 - 64)
July 14, 2003 National HR 2673 Agriculture, Rural Development, FDA Bill Passed - House (347 - 64)
May 20, 2003 National HR 1904 Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (256 - 170)
April 11, 2003 National HR 6 Energy Omnibus bill Bill Passed - House (247 - 175)
July 17, 2002 National HR 5093 Department of the Interior Appropriations Act, Fiscal Year 2003 Bill Passed - House (377 - 46)
May 2, 2002 National HR 2646 Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 Conference Report Adopted - House (280 - 141)
May 2, 2002 National HR 2646 Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 Conference Report Adopted - House (280 - 141)
Nov. 13, 2001 National HR 2330 Agriculture FY2002 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (379 - 33)
Nov. 1, 2001 National HR 2311 Energy and Water Development Appropriations Act, 2002 Conference Report Adopted - House (399 - 29)
Oct. 17, 2001 National HR 2217 Interior Department Appropriations for FY 2002 Conference Report Adopted - House (380 - 28)
Oct. 5, 2001 National HR 2646 Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 Bill Passed - House (291 - 120)
Oct. 5, 2001 National HR 2646 Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 Bill Passed - House (291 - 120)
Aug. 2, 2001 National HR 4 Securing America's Future Energy (SAFE) Act of 2001 Bill Passed - House (240 - 189)
Aug. 2, 2001 National HR 4 Securing America's Future Energy (SAFE) Act of 2001 Bill Passed - House (240 - 189)
Aug. 1, 2001 National H Amdt 298 Prohibiting Oil Drilling in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Amendment Rejected - House (206 - 223)
Aug. 1, 2001 National H Amdt 288 Corporate Average Fuel Efficiency (CAFE) Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (160 - 269)
Sept. 26, 2000 National HR 5175 Small Business Superfund Exemption Bill Failed - House (253 - 161)
June 21, 2000 National H Amdt 858 EPA Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (208 - 216)
June 7, 2000 National H Amdt 745 San Rafael Swell Area Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (212 - 211)
June 7, 2000 National H Amdt 748 San Rafael Legacy District Motor Vehicle Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (210 - 214)
May 11, 2000 National H Amdt 694 Local Government Participation Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (187 - 238)
May 11, 2000 National HR 701 Conservation and Reinvestment Act of 1999 Bill Passed - House (315 - 102)
May 10, 2000 National H Amdt 687 Social Security and Medicare Solvency Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (216 - 208)
May 10, 2000 National H Amdt 685 Land Conservation-Land Acquisition Funding Amendment Rejected - House (109 - 315)
May 10, 2000 National H Amdt 685 Land Conservation-Land Acquisition Funding Amendment Rejected - House (109 - 315)
March 22, 2000 National S 1287 Nuclear Waste Policy Amendments Act Bill Passed - House (253 - 167)
Oct. 1, 1999 National HR 1906 FY 2000 Agriculture Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (240 - 175)
Sept. 27, 1999 National HR 2605 Energy FY2000 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (327 - 87)
July 27, 1999 National HR 2605 Energy FY2000 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (420 - 8)
June 8, 1999 National H Amdt 140 Lethal Predator Funding Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (193 - 230)
June 8, 1999 National HR 1906 FY 2000 Agriculture Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (246 - 183)
Oct. 2, 1998 National HR 4101 Agriculture FY99 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (333 - 53)
Sept. 28, 1998 National HR 4060 Energy FY99 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (389 - 25)
July 23, 1998 National HR 4193 Interior Department FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (245 - 181)
June 24, 1998 National HR 4101 Agriculture FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (373 - 48)
June 22, 1998 National HR 4060 Energy FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (405 - 4)
June 4, 1998 National S 1150 Agricultural Research bill Conference Report Adopted - House (364 - 50)
March 27, 1998 National H Amdt 542 Road Construction Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (200 - 187)
March 27, 1998 National HR 2515 Forest Recovery and Protection bill Bill Failed - House (181 - 201)
Oct. 30, 1997 National HR 1270 Nuclear Waste Disposal bill Bill Passed - House (307 - 120)
Oct. 6, 1997 National HR 2160 Agriculture FY98 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (399 - 18)
July 24, 1997 National H Amdt 271 Tobacco Crops Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (209 - 216)
July 24, 1997 National HR 2160 Agriculture FY98 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (392 - 32)
May 7, 1997 National H Amdt 71 Endangered Species Act Exemption Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (227 - 196)
Sept. 12, 1996 National HR 3816 Appropriations bill FY97, Energy and Water Development Conference Report Adopted - House (383 - 29)
Sept. 12, 1996 National HR 3816 Appropriations bill FY97, Energy and Water Development Conference Report Adopted - House (383 - 29)
Aug. 2, 1996 National S 1316 Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments of 1995 Conference Report Adopted - House (392 - 30)
July 25, 1996 National H Amdt 1360 Renewable Energy Research Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (279 - 135)
July 25, 1996 National H Amdt 1359 Energy Research Appropriation Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (198 - 211)
June 20, 1996 National H Amdt 1183 Forest Service Funding Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (211 - 211)
June 12, 1996 National H Amdt 1147 Animal Damage Control Program Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (139 - 279)
March 29, 1996 National HR 2854 Agricultural Market Transition Act Conference Report Adopted - House (318 - 89)
Feb. 29, 1996 National H Amdt 936 Agricultural Conservation Programs Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (372 - 37)
Feb. 29, 1996 National H Amdt 936 Agricultural Conservation Programs Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (372 - 37)
Feb. 29, 1996 National H Amdt 941 Florida Everglades Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (299 - 124)
Feb. 29, 1996 National HR 2854 Agricultural Market Transition Act Bill Passed - House (270 - 155)
Feb. 28, 1996 National H Amdt 934 Sugar Program Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (208 - 217)
Feb. 28, 1996 National H Amdt 935 Dairy Program Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (258 - 164)
Feb. 28, 1996 National H Amdt 933 Peanut Program Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (209 - 212)
Jan. 4, 1996 National HR 1977 1996 Interior Appropriations Veto Override Failed - House (239 - 177)
Dec. 13, 1995 National HR 1977 Interior Department FY96 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (244 - 181)
Oct. 12, 1995 National HR 1976 Appropriations bill FY96, Agriculture Conference Report Adopted - House (288 - 132)
July 18, 1995 National HR 1977 Interior Department FY96 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (244 - 181)
May 16, 1995 National HR 961 Comprehensive Wetlands Conservation and Management Act Bill Passed - House (240 - 185)
Feb. 28, 1995 National HR 1022 Risk Assessment and Cost-Benefit Act of 1995 Bill Passed - House (286 - 141)
Sept. 23, 1994 National HR 4554 Agriculture FY95 Appropriations Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (287 - 107)
Aug. 10, 1994 National HR 4506 Appropriations Bill FY95, Energy and Water Development Conference Report Adopted - House (393 - 34)
Aug. 10, 1994 National HR 4506 Appropriations Bill FY95, Energy and Water Development Conference Report Adopted - House (393 - 34)
July 12, 1994 National H Amdt 725 East Mojave National Preserve Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (239 - 183)
Date No. Title Outcome
11/18 HR 6 Energy Omnibus bill Conference Report Adopted - House (246 - 180)
10/30 HR 2691 Interior Department Appropriations, FY 2004 bill Conference Report Adopted - House (216 - 205)
10/30 HR 2691 Interior Department Appropriations, FY 2004 bill Conference Report Adopted - House (216 - 205)
9/23 HR 1409 Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians Land Exchange Act '02 Bill Passed - House (288 - 127)
7/17 HR 2691 Interior Department Appropriations, FY 2004 bill Bill Passed - House (268 - 152)
7/17 HR 2691 Interior Department Appropriations, FY 2004 bill Bill Passed - House (268 - 152)
7/14 HR 2673 Agriculture, Rural Development, FDA Bill Passed - House (347 - 64)
7/14 HR 2673 Agriculture, Rural Development, FDA Bill Passed - House (347 - 64)
5/20 HR 1904 Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (256 - 170)
4/11 HR 6 Energy Omnibus bill Bill Passed - House (247 - 175)
7/17 HR 5093 Department of the Interior Appropriations Act, Fiscal Year 2003 Bill Passed - House (377 - 46)
5/02 HR 2646 Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 Conference Report Adopted - House (280 - 141)
5/02 HR 2646 Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 Conference Report Adopted - House (280 - 141)
11/13 HR 2330 Agriculture FY2002 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (379 - 33)
11/01 HR 2311 Energy and Water Development Appropriations Act, 2002 Conference Report Adopted - House (399 - 29)
10/17 HR 2217 Interior Department Appropriations for FY 2002 Conference Report Adopted - House (380 - 28)
10/05 HR 2646 Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 Bill Passed - House (291 - 120)
10/05 HR 2646 Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 Bill Passed - House (291 - 120)
8/02 HR 4 Securing America's Future Energy (SAFE) Act of 2001 Bill Passed - House (240 - 189)
8/02 HR 4 Securing America's Future Energy (SAFE) Act of 2001 Bill Passed - House (240 - 189)
8/01 H Amdt 298 Prohibiting Oil Drilling in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Amendment Rejected - House (206 - 223)
8/01 H Amdt 288 Corporate Average Fuel Efficiency (CAFE) Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (160 - 269)
9/26 HR 5175 Small Business Superfund Exemption Bill Failed - House (253 - 161)
6/21 H Amdt 858 EPA Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (208 - 216)
6/07 H Amdt 745 San Rafael Swell Area Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (212 - 211)
6/07 H Amdt 748 San Rafael Legacy District Motor Vehicle Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (210 - 214)
5/11 H Amdt 694 Local Government Participation Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (187 - 238)
5/11 HR 701 Conservation and Reinvestment Act of 1999 Bill Passed - House (315 - 102)
5/10 H Amdt 687 Social Security and Medicare Solvency Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (216 - 208)
5/10 H Amdt 685 Land Conservation-Land Acquisition Funding Amendment Rejected - House (109 - 315)
5/10 H Amdt 685 Land Conservation-Land Acquisition Funding Amendment Rejected - House (109 - 315)
3/22 S 1287 Nuclear Waste Policy Amendments Act Bill Passed - House (253 - 167)
10/01 HR 1906 FY 2000 Agriculture Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (240 - 175)
9/27 HR 2605 Energy FY2000 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (327 - 87)
7/27 HR 2605 Energy FY2000 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (420 - 8)
6/08 H Amdt 140 Lethal Predator Funding Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (193 - 230)
6/08 HR 1906 FY 2000 Agriculture Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (246 - 183)
10/02 HR 4101 Agriculture FY99 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (333 - 53)
9/28 HR 4060 Energy FY99 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (389 - 25)
7/23 HR 4193 Interior Department FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (245 - 181)
6/24 HR 4101 Agriculture FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (373 - 48)
6/22 HR 4060 Energy FY99 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (405 - 4)
6/04 S 1150 Agricultural Research bill Conference Report Adopted - House (364 - 50)
3/27 H Amdt 542 Road Construction Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (200 - 187)
3/27 HR 2515 Forest Recovery and Protection bill Bill Failed - House (181 - 201)
10/30 HR 1270 Nuclear Waste Disposal bill Bill Passed - House (307 - 120)
10/06 HR 2160 Agriculture FY98 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (399 - 18)
7/24 H Amdt 271 Tobacco Crops Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (209 - 216)
7/24 HR 2160 Agriculture FY98 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (392 - 32)
5/07 H Amdt 71 Endangered Species Act Exemption Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (227 - 196)
9/12 HR 3816 Appropriations bill FY97, Energy and Water Development Conference Report Adopted - House (383 - 29)
9/12 HR 3816 Appropriations bill FY97, Energy and Water Development Conference Report Adopted - House (383 - 29)
8/02 S 1316 Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments of 1995 Conference Report Adopted - House (392 - 30)
7/25 H Amdt 1360 Renewable Energy Research Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (279 - 135)
7/25 H Amdt 1359 Energy Research Appropriation Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (198 - 211)
6/20 H Amdt 1183 Forest Service Funding Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (211 - 211)
6/12 H Amdt 1147 Animal Damage Control Program Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (139 - 279)
3/29 HR 2854 Agricultural Market Transition Act Conference Report Adopted - House (318 - 89)
2/29 H Amdt 936 Agricultural Conservation Programs Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (372 - 37)
2/29 H Amdt 936 Agricultural Conservation Programs Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (372 - 37)
2/29 H Amdt 941 Florida Everglades Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (299 - 124)
2/29 HR 2854 Agricultural Market Transition Act Bill Passed - House (270 - 155)
2/28 H Amdt 934 Sugar Program Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (208 - 217)
2/28 H Amdt 935 Dairy Program Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (258 - 164)
2/28 H Amdt 933 Peanut Program Amendment Amendment Rejected - House (209 - 212)
1/04 HR 1977 1996 Interior Appropriations Veto Override Failed - House (239 - 177)
12/13 HR 1977 Interior Department FY96 Appropriations bill Conference Report Adopted - House (244 - 181)
10/12 HR 1976 Appropriations bill FY96, Agriculture Conference Report Adopted - House (288 - 132)
7/18 HR 1977 Interior Department FY96 Appropriations bill Bill Passed - House (244 - 181)
5/16 HR 961 Comprehensive Wetlands Conservation and Management Act Bill Passed - House (240 - 185)
2/28 HR 1022 Risk Assessment and Cost-Benefit Act of 1995 Bill Passed - House (286 - 141)
9/23 HR 4554 Agriculture FY95 Appropriations Bill Conference Report Adopted - House (287 - 107)
8/10 HR 4506 Appropriations Bill FY95, Energy and Water Development Conference Report Adopted - House (393 - 34)
8/10 HR 4506 Appropriations Bill FY95, Energy and Water Development Conference Report Adopted - House (393 - 34)
7/12 H Amdt 725 East Mojave National Preserve Amendment Amendment Adopted - House (239 - 183)
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